Polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis

Polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis (PPAP) is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer syndrome, which is characterized by numerous polyps in the colon and an increased risk of colorectal cancer.[1] It is caused by germline mutations in DNA polymerase ε (POLE) and δ (POLD1).[1] Affected individuals develop numerous polyps called colorectal adenomas. Compared with other polyposis syndromes, Polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis is rare. Genetic testing can help exclude similar syndromes, such as Familial adenomatous polyposis and MUTYH-associated polyposis. Endometrial cancer, duodenal polyps and duodenal cancer may also occur.[2]

Polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis
Other namesPPAP
SpecialtyMedical genetics, gastroenterology
SymptomsAsymptomatic, often develop multiple colorectal adenomas
ComplicationsColorectal, duodenal, & endometrial cancer
Diagnostic methodColonoscopy
Differential diagnosisFamilial adenomatous polyposis, MUTYH-associated polyposis
TreatmentColonoscopy
Polypectomy
FrequencyRare

References

  1. Church, JM (March 2014). "Polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis: a new, dominantly inherited syndrome of hereditary colorectal cancer predisposition". Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 57 (3): 396–7. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000000084. PMID 24509466. S2CID 9561294.
  2. Tomlinson, Ian (April 2015). "An update on the molecular pathology of the intestinal polyposis syndromes". Diagnostic Histopathology. 21 (4): 147–151. doi:10.1016/j.mpdhp.2015.04.006.
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