Presidential Security Force of Indonesia

The Presidential Security Force of Indonesia (Indonesian: Pasukan Pengamanan Presiden abbreviated "Paspampres") is the presidential security unit and secret service concerned with tasks related to close protection and escort for the head of state and VVIP in Indonesia, which includes the President of Indonesia, Vice President of Indonesia with their immediate families, former Presidents and Vice Presidents, and foreign heads of state visiting Indonesia. Paspampres is based in Jakarta,[1] and its personnel are recruited from best-chosen officers, soldiers, seamen, marines, and airmen from special forces or special units within the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) (and until 2000, from the Indonesian National Police).

Presidential Security Force of Indonesia
Pasukan Pengamanan Presiden
Founded3 January 1946 (1946-01-03)
Country Indonesia
BranchArmy, Navy, Marines, and Air Force
TypeProtective security unit
Role
Size4 Regiments (1 Brigade)
Part of Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI)
Garrison/HQJakarta, Indonesia
Motto(s)Setia Waspada (Loyal and Vigilant)
Beret colourLight Blue
Websitewww.paspampres.mil.id
Commanders
Commandant of the PaspampresMajor General Maruli Simanjuntak
Deputy CommandantAir commodore Deny Muis

History

The formation date of the Presidential Security Force (Paspampres) is based on the operation to evacuate President Sukarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta, Prime Minister Sutan Syahrir as well as several ministers and high-ranking government officials from Jakarta to Yogyakarta on 3 January 1946, This operation was based on the safety concerns of the President and VIPs about the allied forces intimidation in Jakarta. The rescue operation was conducted using the Kereta Luar Biasa a code-name for the special Presidential train. This date is commemorated as Hari Bhakti Paspampres or Paspampres Service Day.[2][3]

The formation of a formal force dedicated to protecting the Indonesian president only came after several assassination attempts on President Sukarno. On 6 June 1962 a special regiment known as the Tjakrabirawa Regiment, was formed to protect the president and his family. June 6 was also the birthday of President Sukarno. Tjakrabirawa consisted of personnel from the army, navy, air force and police. In 1966, it was dissolved due its taking part in an army-led abortive coup d'état in 1965. The 1st Battalion's commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel Untung Syamsuri, led the coup attempt and its members carried out the kidnappings of army generals who were later murdered. The protection of the president was then entrusted to a military police special task force in 1966.[4][5]

A new presidential protection force named Paswalpres (an abbreviation of Pasukan Pengawal Presiden or "Presidential Escort Force") was formed on the 13 January 1976, under the command of the Minister of Defence and Commander of the Armed Forces. This force was renamed in 1988 becoming the current Paspampres. Today, Paspampres has strength of about 2,500 personnel and is headed by a two-star general/admiral/marshal from the TNI.

Responsibility and Tasks
A Paspampres agent

Responsibility

According to Indonesian Government Regulation No. 59/2013, the Presidential Security Force (Paspampres) is responsible for the physical security at close range at all times of the:

  • president and vice-resident along with their immediate families,
  • former presidents and vice-presidents,
  • foreign heads of state/heads of government visiting Indonesia

It is also tasked with state protocol duties in order to support the main tasks of the Indonesian National Armed Forces.[6]

Specific security duties for VVIPs include:

  1. Personal security;
  2. Installation security;
  3. Activity security;
  4. Rescue security;
  5. Food safety;
  6. Medical security;
  7. News security; and
  8. Escort.[7]

Tasks

Currently, the main tasks of Paspampres are to:

  1. provide protection for VVIPs and to ensure the safety of VVIPs from any immediate danger,
  2. Secure installations which include security personnel, material, and all facilities used by the VVIP,
  3. perform emergency rescue of VVIPs,
  4. provide direct protection at close quarters from all forms of threats to VVIPs while traveling,
  5. ensure the safety of food and medically-related materials consumed by VVIPs,
  6. provide honour guards and the Presidential Band during state visits and other state occasions if required

Organisation
Paspampres personnel in full-tactical gear

The organisation of Paspampres are as follows:[3]

  • Leadership element, consist of the Commandant and Deputy Commandant
  • Leadership assistance element, consist of Inspectorate, Planning Staff, Intelligence Staff, Operations Staff, Personnel Staff and Logistics Staff.
  • Staff service element, consist of Chief of Staff, Secretariat and Headquarters Detachment.
  • Executive element agency, consist of Densi, Denkomlek, Denkes, Denpal, Denbekang and Pusdalops.
    • The Special Security Detachment (Denpamsus), which performs daily duties, such as close protection towards the President and Vice President and his family. The Special Security Detachment consists of:
      • Commando Group (Pokko),[1] each of the groups is commanded by a colonel.
        • GROUP A, consisting of 4 Detachments, conducts close-range physical security towards the President and his/her family. Group A is also responsible for Guard mounting duties in Merdeka Palace, and the usual ceremony on the parade grounds every 2nd Sunday of the month has been recently moved outside the palace, resulting in a rising public interest[8] in the ceremony from visitors from Indonesia and overseas.
        • GROUP B, consisting of 4 Detachments, conducts close-range physical security towards the Vice President and his/her family.
        • GROUP C, in charge of close-range physical security towards foreign VVIPs during their visit in Indonesia. This unit also consists of 1 training detachment in charge of training and fostering the ability of Paspampres personnel
        • GROUP D, consisting of 4 Detachments carrying out close physical security towards former Presidents and Vice Presidents and their families
      • Private Escort Company (Ki Walpri)
      • Special Security Company (Ki Pamsus)
      • Debarment Platoon (Ton Kiran)
    • State Protocol Escort Battalion (Batalyon Pengawal Protokoler Kenegaraan abbreviated "Yonwalprotneg"), are personnel of Military Police which has the tasks for conducting state protocol duties such as Honour guard duties, Public duties, Guard mounting and escort. It has 590 personnel and each battalion is assigned operationally to the 4 Groups. This battalion is also responsible for the external security of the residences of the President and Vice President.

Reporting sub-units
Paspampres Honor Guard
  • Presidential Band
  • Group A Presidential Honor Guard Battalion
  • Group B Vice Presidential Honor Guard Battalion
  • Protocol and Honor Guard Battalion Bogor Palace
  • Protocol and Honor Guard Battalion National Palaces of Jakarta (Independence and State Palace)
  • Horse Guards Troop and State Coach Troop (raised 2015)
  • State Lancer Guard Troop (raised 2016)
  • National Color Guard Company (raised 2016, reports to HQ)

Recruitment

Paspampres personnel are recruited and selected from the Indonesian National Armed Forces (Army, Navy (including Marines), and Air Force).[1] The recruits are usually selected from special forces and special units, such as (Kopassus, Kostrad, Raider Infantry Battalions (including Kostrad Parachute Raiders and Mechanized Raiders), Paskhas, Kopaska, Denjaka, Taifib) and Marines, as well as military policemen. Each individual gets rigorous military training (sharp shooting, tactical combat, diving) and special martial arts training, such as Yong Moodo, Pencak Silat, Tarung Derajat, Mixed Martial Arts, and Aikido. All Paspampres personnel are required to be proficient in at least in one of the martial arts, and it was proven by becoming second winners in the World Yong Moodo (Korean martial arts) Championship 2013.[9] Paspampres personnel must carry out their duties with a high level of vigilance against any possible threat and are prepared to sacrifice their own life if required for the President, Vice President, and VVIP.[10][11]

Protocol duties
Paspampres personnel from the "State Protocol Escort Battalion (Yonwalprotneg)" raising the Indonesian flag at the national palace yard

Guard of Honor
Further information: Honour guard § Indonesia

Paspampres as a special joint service command of the TNI, other than being responsible for implementing security for the President, Vice President of Indonesia and VVIPs also carries out special protocol duties at state-level ceremonies such as conducting Honour Guard, public duties, quarter guard and guard mounting tasks for the national official residences during state visit ceremonies.

These ceremonial duties of Paspampres is usually assigned towards personnel of the "State Protocol Escort Battalion" (Batalyon Pengawal Protokoler Kenegaraan abbreviated "Yonwalprotneg"), a detachment of Paspampres consisting of chosen Military policemen from the Military Police Corps of Indonesia. This unit also becomes the Cordon Guard during the arrival ceremony at the airport apron during a state visit and also becomes the main Honour guard during a state funeral.

The uniform worn by the Paspampres Honour guard is a red long sleeved full dress uniform with a white buff belt worn on the upper waist, white trousers with white parade boots and a black shako as the headdress. During certain ceremonies such as a state funeral or changing of the guard ceremony, a light blue beret is worn instead for the headdress. During the night, a black trouser is worn.

Presidential band
Main article: Paspampres Presidential Band

The Paspampres presidential band is a military band tasked for playing the national anthems during a State visit ceremony and performs music accompaniment during state-level receptions or banquets in the palaces and other official locations when the head of state is present.

List of Commandants

Commandant of the Presidential Security Forces of Indonesia (Danpaspampres) has been held by two-star general officer historically as below :

  • Major General TNI Maruli Simanjuntak (2018 - now)
  • Major General TNI (Marine Corps) Suhartono (2017 - 2018)
  • Major General TNI (Marine Corps) Bambang Suswantono (2016 - 2017)
  • Major General TNI Andika Perkasa (2014 - 2016)
  • Major General TNI Doni Monardo (2012 - 2014)
  • Major General TNI Agus Sutomo (2011 - 2012)

Equipments

Weaponry

Vehicles

References
  1. Combat Handgun, October 2008. Pages 72-74.
  2. http://kaltim.tribunnews.com/2018/01/03/mengulik-sejarah-terbentuknya-paspampres-berawal-dari-perintah-rahasia-bung-karno?page=1
  3. http://ppid.tni.mil.id/view/32435663/sejarah-paspampres.html
  4. http://wartakota.tribunnews.com/2017/09/23/satu-peleton-cakrabirawa-dibubarkan-terlibat-kasus-g30spki
  5. Ricklefs, M.C. (2008) [1981]. A History of Modern Indonesia Since c.1300 (4th ed.). London: MacMillan. pp. 437–438. ISBN 978-0-230-54685-1.
  6. Government Regulation (PP) of The Republic of Indonesia No. 59 Year 2013 (PP No. 59 tahun 2013)
  7. Article 3, Chapter II, Government Regulation (PP) of The Republic of Indonesia No. 59 Year 2013 (Pasal 3 Bab II PP No. 59 tahun 2013)
  8. http://www.paspampres.mil.id/id/berita-dan-event-paspampres/serah-terima
  9. http://www.tni.mil.id/view-60898-anggota-paspampres-borong-medali-di-korea-selatan.html
  10. http://jogja.tribunnews.com/2017/04/18/menilik-tugas-dan-tanggung-jawab-paspampres-pasukan-khusus-yang-siap-mati-demi-sang-presiden
  11. Tentang PASPAMPRES - MetroTV 360 bag 1 (video) (in Indonesian). 2013. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
  12. https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/bukan-koper-biasa-ini-senjata-andalan-paspampres-lindungi-jokowi.html
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