Provincial governments of Nepal
The seven provinces of Nepal are governed by provincial governments which form the second layer of government, between the federal government and the local government. The provincial governments are established, and their structure defined, by Part 13 of the Constitution of Nepal.
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Legislature
Each province has a unicameral provincial legislature, varying in size according to the population of the province. The members are elected through first-past-the-post voting and party-list proportional representation for a term of five years, unless dissolved sooner. The most recent provincial election was held on 24 November and 7 December, 2017. The alliance of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) and Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) won a majority in six provinces, while the alliance of Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal and Rastriya Janata Party Nepal won a majority in one province.
| Legislature | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCP | NC | PSP-N | Others | Total | |
| Provincial Assembly of Province No. 1 | 67 | 21 | 3 | 2[lower-alpha 1] | 93 |
| Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2 | 32 | 19 | 55 | 1[lower-alpha 2] | 107 |
| Provincial Assembly of Bagmati | 80 | 22 | 1 | 7[lower-alpha 3] | 110 |
| Provincial Assembly of Gandaki | 40 | 15 | 2 | 3[lower-alpha 4] | 60 |
| Provincial Assembly of Lumbini | 61 | 19 | 6 | 1[lower-alpha 5] | 87 |
| Provincial Assembly of Karnali | 32 | 6 | 0 | 1[lower-alpha 6] | 40 |
| Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim | 38 | 12 | 2 | 1[lower-alpha 7] | 53 |
Executive
Provincial governments as of April 2020
The head of the provincial government is the Chief Minister, who is the parliamentary party leader of the party with the majority or the highest number of seats in the assembly. The assembly can force the resignation of the Chief Minister with a vote of no confidence.
| Province | Name | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province No. 1 | Sher Dhan Rai[1] | Nepal Communist Party | 15 February 2018 | |
| Province No. 2 | Mohammad Lalbabu Raut[2] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 14 February 2018 | |
| Bagmati | Dormani Poudel[3] | Nepal Communist Party | 11 February 2018 | |
| Gandaki | Prithvi Subba Gurung[4] | Nepal Communist Party | 12 February 2018 | |
| Lumbini | Shankar Pokharel[5] | Nepal Communist Party | 14 February 2018 | |
| Karnali | Mahendra Bahadur Shahi[6] | Nepal Communist Party | 16 February 2018 | |
| Sudurpashchim | Trilochan Bhatta[7] | Nepal Communist Party | 16 February 2018 | |
The Chief Minister appoints a Provincial Cabinet. The members of the Provincial Cabinet are responsible for the various departments of the provincial administration.
Cabinet of Province No. 1
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief Minister Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Minister for Social Development |
Sher Dhan Rai[8] | Nepal Communist Party | 14 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Hikmat Karki[8] | Nepal Communist Party | 15 February 2018 | |
| 3 | Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Jagadish Prasad Kusiyat[8] | Nepal Communist Party | 15 February 2018 | |
| 4 | State Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development | Ambir Babu Gurung | Nepal Communist Party | 19 January 2020[9] | |
| 5 | State Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Ram Bahadur Magar | Nepal Communist Party | 19 January 2020[9] | |
| 6 | State Minister for Social Development | Jasmaya Gajmer | Nepal Communist Party | 19 January 2020[9] | |
| 7 | State Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Bijay Kumar Biswas | Nepal Communist Party | 19 January 2020[9] | |
Cabinet of Province No. 2
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief Minister | Mohammad Lalbabu Raut[2] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 14 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Gyanendra Kumari Yadav[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 3 | Minister for Social Development | Nawal Kishore Sah[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 4 | Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Ram Naresh Rae[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 5 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Shailendra Prasad Sah[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 6 | Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development | Jitendra Prasad Sonal[11] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 15 February 2018 | |
| 7 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Bijay Kumar Yadav[11] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 15 February 2018 | |
| 8 | State Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Yogendra Ray Yadav[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 9 | State Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Saroj Kumar Singh[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 10 | State Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Usha Yadav[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 11 | State Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Suresh Kumal Mandal[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 25 July 2018 | |
| 12 | State Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development | Dimpal Kumari Jha[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 25 July 2018 | |
| 13 | State Minister for Social Development | Abhiram Sharma[10] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 25 July 2018 | |
Cabinet of Bagmati Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief Minister
Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Minister for Social Development Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment |
Dormani Poudel[3] | Nepal Communist Party | 12 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Dawa Dorje Lama[10] | Nepal Communist Party | 1 March 2018 | |
| 3 | Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development | Rameshwor Phuyal[12] | Nepal Communist Party | 17 February 2019 | |
| 4 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Kailash Dhungel[10] | Nepal Communist Party | 1 March 2018 | |
Cabinet of Gandaki Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief Minister | Prithvi Subba Gurung[4] | Nepal Communist Party | 12 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Hari Bahadur Chuman[13] | Nepal Communist Party | 16 February 2018 | |
| 3 | Minister for Social Development | Nar Devi Pun[14] | Nepal Communist Party | 26 March 2018 | |
| 4 | Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Bikas Lamsal[14] | Nepal Communist Party | 26 March 2018 | |
| 5 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Lekh Bahadur Thapa Magar[13] | Nepal Communist Party | 16 February 2018 | |
| 6 | Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development | Ram Sharan Basnet[13] | Nepal Communist Party | 16 February 2018 | |
| 7 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Kiran Gurung[14] | Nepal Communist Party | 26 March 2018 | |
Cabinet of Lumbini Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief Minister Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning |
Shankar Pokharel[5] | Nepal Communist Party | 14 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Kul Prasad KC[15] | Nepal Communist Party | 15 February 2018 | |
| 3 | Minister for Social Development | Sudarshan Baral[16] | Nepal Communist Party | 20 March 2018 | |
| 4 | Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Lila Giri[16] | Nepal Communist Party | 20 March 2018 | |
| 5 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Arati Paudel[16] | Nepal Communist Party | 20 March 2018 | |
| 6 | Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development | Baijanath Chaudhary[15] | Nepal Communist Party | 15 February 2018 | |
Cabinet of Karnali Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief Minister
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development |
Mahendra Bahadur Shahi[6] | Nepal Communist Party | 16 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Naresh Bhandari[17] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
| 3 | Minister for Social Development | Dal Bahadur Rawal[17] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
| 4 | Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Nanda Singh Budha[17] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
| 5 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Bimala KC[17] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
| 6 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Prakash Jwala[17] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
Cabinet of Sudurpashchim Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chief Minister
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning |
Trilochan Bhatta[7] | Nepal Communist Party | 16 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Prakash Bahadur Shah[18] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
| 3 | Minister for Social Development | Krishna Raj Subedi [19] | Nepal Communist Party | 13 November 2018 | |
| 4 | Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Maya Bhatta[18] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
| 5 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Binita Chaudhary[18] | Nepal Communist Party | 18 February 2018 | |
Judiciary
The former appellate courts were changed into High Courts after the adoption of the new constitution.[20]
| S.N. | High Court | Primary seat | Extended Bench | Jurisdiction | Chief Judge | Website |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Biratnagar High Court | Biratnagar | Dhankuta,
Ilam, |
Province No. 1 | Til Prasad Shrestha[21] | |
| 2 | Janakpur High Court | Janakpur | Birgunj[lower-alpha 1], | Province No. 2 | Prakash Chandra Gajurel (interim) | |
| 3 | Patan High Court | Lalitpur | Hetauda | Bagmati | Kumar Chudal | |
| 4 | Pokhara High Court | Pokhara | Baglung | Gandaki | Kishore Silwal (interim)[22] | |
| 5 | Tulsipur High Court | Tulsipur | Butwal, | Lumbini | Ramesh Pokharel[23] | |
| 6 | Surkhet High Court | Birendranagar | Jumla | Karnali | Nahakul Subedi | |
| 7 | Dipayal High Court | Dipayal | Mahendranagar | Sudurpashchim | Sheshraj Sivakoti[24] |
- Temporary bench
See also
References
- "Sher Dhan Rai appointed Province 1 Chief Minister - The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Lalbabu Raut appointed as Chief Minister of Province-2". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "UML PP leader Dor Mani Paudel appointed CM of Province 3". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-11. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Prithvi Subba Gurung appointed as Province 4 CM - The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Shankar Pokharel appointed Province 5 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Shahi appointed Province 6 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Rai sworn in as Province 1 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "प्रदेश १ मा थपिए चार राज्यमन्त्री". Online Khabar. Retrieved 2020-11-22.
- "Cabinets of Province 2 and 3 expanded". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Gaddhi sworn in as Province 2 CM, Sonal, Yadav get ministries". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- श्रेष्ठ, अशोकसुजन. "भौतिक विकास मन्त्री फुयाँलले लिए सपथ". Nagarik News. Retrieved 2020-02-17.
- "Province 4 has four-member cabinet". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "CM Gurung expands Cabinet in Prov 4". The Himalayan Times. 2018-03-26. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Province 1, 2 and 5 chief ministers take oath". Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Province 5 CM expands Cabinet". Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Province 6 Cabinet gets full shape". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-19. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Province 7 gets seven-member cabinet". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Subedi new Social Development Minister of Sudurpachim Province". kathmandupost.ekantipur.com. Retrieved 2019-01-02.
- "Govt designates all 7 high courts". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "High court overrules lower court's order to release Giri on bail". The Himalayan Times. 2020-01-24. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
- "उच्च अदालत पोखरा". supremecourt.gov.np. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
- "Three judges transferred". The Himalayan Times. 2019-07-30. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
- "उच्च अदालत दिपायल". supremecourt.gov.np. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
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