Rano

The history of Rano dated back to antiquity as its one of the oldest settlements in this part of Northern Nigeria, the kingdoms History started since 300 years before Christianity. The kingdom was fully established in the year 523AD by Kwararrafa warriors. The Kingdom witnessed three ruling dynasties as: - Kwararrafawa Ruled from 523 AD to 1001 AD, while Habe Ruled from 1001AD – 1819AD, then the Fulani's dynasty ruled from 1819 to date. As an autonomous kingdom in its own right, well over 40 kings ruled Rano kingdom before the advent of colonial rule.

The boundaries of Rano Kingdoms during the era stated above is as follows:

To the west Rano was bounded to Kofar Dan-Agundi Kano

To the east Rano was bounded to Gaya Emirate

To the west Rano was bounded to Zazzau, Kaduna state

To the south Rano was bounded to Ningi, Bauchi state.

Tarihin Rano ya fara wanzuwa tun kafin bayyanar Annabi Isa (AS) wato 300 BC. Masarautar ta kafu da kafafunwanta daga manyan Mayakan Kwararrafa a shekara ta 523 AD, kuma ta kasance a karkashin dauloli guda uku (3). A matsayinta na masarauta mai cin gashin kanta, Sarakuna sama da Araba’in (40) su kai mulki tun kafin zuwan Turawan Mulkin Mallaka. A tsawon zamani, Rano ta Shahara wajen kare kanta daga hare-haren makwabta da garuruwan nesa. Kuma Masarautar tayi yake-yake tare da samun nasara akan kasar Ningi daga kudu, wanda Kange Ningi ta FuskarYake-Yake daga Kudancin Kano ya haifar da wanzuwar zaman lafiya ga Daular Kano. Tarihi ya nuna cewar Masarautar Rano tayi iyakoki kamar haka: - Daga Arewa tayi iyaka da Kofar Dan Agundi a Birnin Kano, daga Gabas tayi iyaka da Masarautar Karaye da Zazzau din Jihar Kaduna, sannan daga Kudu maso gabas tayi iyaka da Masarautar Ningi a Jihar Bauchi.

A Tarihi, Rano na daga cikin Hausa bakwai (7) wadda ta wanzu daga Sahararren Jarumin nan Bayajidda kuma ta tabbata cewa ma Rano ta wanzu tun kafin hawan Bayajidda kan Mulkin Daura. Masarautar Rano, ba kamar sauran Masarautuba, duk da guguwar Jihadi, ba ta fado karkashin Mulkin fulani daya wanzu tsakanin shekara ta 1804 zuwa 1807 ba. Bugu da kari, wannan masarauta ta Rano ta kasance karkashin Mulkin Habe har shekara ta 1819 a bisa dalilan kwarewa wajen yaki, samuwar kwazazzabai, Tsaunuka da Tsarin ganuwa.

A karshe, a cikin shekara ta 1819, Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Bello ya umarci Almajirin sa Muhammadu Sambo ya fadada Jihadi zuwa kudancin Kano, sakamakon haka mulkin Habe yazo karshe an inda ya koma hannun Fulani wanda Sarki Dikko ya kasance Sarki na Farko a Tarihin Mulkin Fulani. Izuwa yanzu, an sami Sarakunan Fulani guda goma sha bakwai (17) da su kai mulkin Masarautar Rano, kuma dukkaninsu haular Muhammad Sambo suka fito.

Tun daga Sarkin Rano Dikko, wannan masarauta mai dibin Tarihi ta cigaba da amfani da kayayyaki na tarihi wadanda Sarakuna masu daraja ta daya suke amfani dasu irinsu Takalmin Jimina, Figini, Shiga Kokuwa, Karaga da Kakaki. Matsayin Masarautar Rano wajen fadada daular musulunci a bayyane yake a cikin littafin Tarihi mai Suna (Government in Kano) yace Sarkin Rano Yusufu (Sarkin Yakin Sarkin Kano Alu) dan Sarkin Rano Isau, Sarkin Rano Isau “Shehu’s flag bearer” wanda sukai Jihadi tare da Sarkin Kano Alu a Kwatartashi wanda daga baya ya shiga cikin Tawagar Sarki Attahiru wato Rundunar da ta Tunkari Turawan Mulkin Mallaka a shekara 1903 AD.

The sequence of Kwararrafawa and Habe kings of Rano and their years of ruling is stated below: -

Kwararrafawa Dynasties

• Ranau (ruled- 523AD)

Habe Dynasties

• Zamna Kogo (ruled 1001 – 1074)
• Sarkuki (ruled 1074 – 1165)
• Bushara (ruled 1165 – 1262)
• Zamna Kogi (ruled 1262 – 1345)
• Kasko (ruled 1345 – 1448)
• Bilkasim (ruled 1448 – 1503)
• Nuhu (ruled 1503 – 1551)
• Ali Hayaki (ruled 1551 – 1703)
• Jatau (ruled 1703 – 1819)

Fulani Dynasties

• Dikko (ruled 1819 - 1820)
• Isyaku (ruled 1820 - 1835)
• Umaru (ruled 1835 - 1857)
• Alu (ruled 1857 - 1865)
• Jibir (ruled 1865 - 1886)
• Muhammadu (ruled 1886 - 1894)
• Yusufu (ruled 1894 - 1903)
• Ila (ruled 1903 - 1913)
• Habuba (ruled 1913 - 1920)
• Isa (ruled 1920 - 1924)
• Yusufu (ruled 1924 - 1933)
• Adamu (ruled 1933 - 1938)
• Amadu (ruled 1938 - 1938)
• Abubakar (ruled 1938 - 1983)
• Muhammadu (ruled 1983 - 1985)
• Isa (ruled 1985 - 2004)
• Ila {TAFIDA} (ruled 2004 - 2020)
• Kabiru (ruled 2020 - date)