Rocha, Uruguay
Rocha (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈrotʃa]) is the capital city of the Rocha Department in Uruguay.
Rocha | |
|---|---|
Capital city | |
.JPG.webp) Statue of José Gervasio Artigas | |
  Rocha Location in Uruguay | |
| Coordinates: 34°29′0″S 54°21′0″W | |
| Country |  Uruguay |
| Department |  Rocha |
| Founded | 1793 |
| Population (2011 Census) | |
| • Total | 25,422 |
| • Demonym | rochense |
| Time zone | UTC -3 |
| Postal code | 27000 |
| Dial plan | +598 447 (+5 digits) |
| Climate | Cfb |
Location and geography
The city is located on the intersection of Route 9 with Route 15, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of San Carlos of Maldonado Department. The stream Arroyo Rocha flows along the west limits of the city.
History
It was founded in 1793 and had acquired the status of "Villa" (town) before the Independence of Uruguay. On 7 July 1880 it was made capital of the Department of Rocha by the Act of Ley Nº 1.474, while its status was elevated to "Ciudad" (city) on 10 January 1894 by the Act of Ley Nº 2.252.[1]
In literature
Rocha department features in Carlos Maria Dominguez's 2004 novel Casa de Papel (trs English, 2005, The house of paper). The narrator visits the ruins of a house of books ergo, 'house of paper' which had been built and then destroyed by an obsessive book collector on the sand spit separating Rocha lagoon from the ocean.
Population
In 2011 Rocha had a population of 25,422.[2]
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1908 | 12,200 |
| 1963 | 19,484 |
| 1975 | 21,502 |
| 1985 | 24,013 |
| 1996 | 26,017 |
| 2004 | 25,538 |
| 2011 | 25,422 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay[1]
Transportation
Rocha is on the main road from Montevideo to the border with Brazil. Buses connect it to Montevideo. The rail station was closed in the 1980s. There is a small local airfield. There are plans to improve the local infrastructure substantially. The major project planned is to build a deep water port in or near La Paloma. There are also plans to build an airport to bring in tourism, for example, Rocha's lagoon has a circular bridge especially for it.[3]
Places of worship
- Parish Church of Our Lady of Remedies (Roman Catholic)
- Parish Church of Our Lady of Fatima (Roman Catholic)
Climate
Rocha has a mild humid subtropical climate (Cfa, according to the Köppen climate classification), with pleasant summers and cool winters. It was oceanic (Cfb) before the current climatic table (1961-1990 period). The precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year, with an average of 1,123 mm (44.21 in). The hottest month, January, has an average temperature of 22.5 °C (72.5 °F), and the coldest month, July, has an average of 11.2 °C (52.2 °F). The average yearly temperature is 16.8 °C (62.2 °F).
| Climate data for Rocha (1980–2009) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 41.5 (106.7) |
39.0 (102.2) |
39.0 (102.2) |
35.2 (95.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
28.8 (83.8) |
30.6 (87.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.4 (88.5) |
38.6 (101.5) |
40.0 (104.0) |
41.5 (106.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 28.0 (82.4) |
27.1 (80.8) |
25.9 (78.6) |
22.4 (72.3) |
19.0 (66.2) |
16.1 (61.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
16.9 (62.4) |
17.8 (64.0) |
20.8 (69.4) |
23.3 (73.9) |
26.1 (79.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 22.5 (72.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
14.5 (58.1) |
12.1 (53.8) |
11.2 (52.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
13.1 (55.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
18.2 (64.8) |
20.5 (68.9) |
16.8 (62.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) |
17.1 (62.8) |
16.5 (61.7) |
13.7 (56.7) |
10.0 (50.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
10.8 (51.4) |
13.0 (55.4) |
15.0 (59.0) |
12.0 (53.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) |
5.0 (41.0) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 96.9 (3.81) |
115.0 (4.53) |
126.8 (4.99) |
122.1 (4.81) |
111.3 (4.38) |
115.8 (4.56) |
103.6 (4.08) |
110.2 (4.34) |
89.6 (3.53) |
112.2 (4.42) |
91.0 (3.58) |
75.7 (2.98) |
1,270.2 (50.01) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 79 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 73 | 75 | 78 | 80 | 82 | 82 | 81 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 75 | 72 | 78 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 272.8 | 220.4 | 220.1 | 183.0 | 167.4 | 135.0 | 145.7 | 167.4 | 180.0 | 204.6 | 234.0 | 257.3 | 2,387.7 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 8.3 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 6.5 |
| Source 1: Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria[4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Dirección Nacional de Meteorología (precipitation days 1961–1990, extremes 1944–1994)[5][6] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Rocha (1961-1990) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 41.5 (106.7) |
39.0 (102.2) |
39.0 (102.2) |
35.2 (95.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
28.8 (83.8) |
30.6 (87.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.4 (88.5) |
38.6 (101.5) |
40.0 (104.0) |
41.5 (106.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 27.9 (82.2) |
27.3 (81.1) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
19.4 (66.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
16.6 (61.9) |
17.8 (64.0) |
20.5 (68.9) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.7 (71.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
19.9 (67.8) |
16.6 (61.9) |
13.7 (56.7) |
11.1 (52.0) |
10.9 (51.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
12.7 (54.9) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.6 (63.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
16.0 (60.8) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 16.1 (61.0) |
16.0 (60.8) |
14.5 (58.1) |
11.3 (52.3) |
8.4 (47.1) |
6.7 (44.1) |
6.4 (43.5) |
6.5 (43.7) |
7.7 (45.9) |
9.9 (49.8) |
11.8 (53.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
10.8 (51.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) |
5.0 (41.0) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 99 (3.9) |
107 (4.2) |
90 (3.5) |
72 (2.8) |
89 (3.5) |
99 (3.9) |
107 (4.2) |
111 (4.4) |
106 (4.2) |
98 (3.9) |
83 (3.3) |
62 (2.4) |
1,122 (44.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 79 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75 | 77 | 80 | 83 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 83 | 83 | 82 | 78 | 76 | 81 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 267.3 | 201.3 | 227.9 | 189.2 | 169.3 | 134.2 | 137.6 | 160.3 | 175.1 | 214.6 | 232.5 | 268.8 | 2,378.1 |
| Source: Dirección Nacional de Meteorología (extremes 1944–1994)[5][6] | |||||||||||||
References
- "Statistics of urban localities (1908–2004)" (PDF). INE. 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
- "Censos 2011 Cuadros Rocha". INE. 2012. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
- Bridge over Laguna Garzón - Rocha Uruguay (4k) (drone,aereo,aerial) on YouTube
- Castaño, José; Giménez, Agustín; Ceroni, Mauricio; Furest, José; Aunchayna, Rossina. "Caracterización Agroclimática del Uruguay 1980–2009" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
- "Estadísticas climatológicas" (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional de Meteorología. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
- "RECORDS METEOROLOGICOS EN EL URUGUAY" (in Spanish). Dirección Nacional de Meteorología. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
External links
Capital: Rocha | ||
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