Samajwadi Party

Samajwadi Party (SP ; translation: Socialist Party, founded 4 October 1992) is a political party in India headquartered in New Delhi. It is mainly based in Uttar Pradesh.[11]

Samajwadi Party
AbbreviationSP
PresidentAkhilesh Yadav
ChairpersonAkhilesh Yadav
SecretaryKiranmoy Nanda
Lok Sabha leaderMulayam Singh Yadav
Rajya Sabha leaderRam Gopal Yadav
FounderMulayam Singh Yadav
Founded4 October 1992 (1992-10-04)
Preceded byJanata Dal
Headquarters18 Copernicus Lane, New Delhi, India
NewspaperSamajwadi Bulletin[1]
Student wingSamajwadi Chatra Sabha[2]
Youth wingSamajwadi Yuvjan Sabha[3]
Lohiya vahini
Women's wingSamajwadi Party Mahila Sabha[4]
IdeologySocial democracy[5]
Left-wing populism[6]
Secularism
Political positionCentre-left[7] to left-wing[8]
International affiliationProgressive Alliance[9]
ColoursRed and Green    
ECI StatusState Party[10]
Seats in Lok Sabha
5 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha
5 / 245
Seats in Vidhan Sabha & Vidhan Parishad
Indian states
49 / 403
(Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly)
51 / 100
(Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad)
2 / 288
(Maharashtra Legislative Assembly)
1 / 230
(Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly)
Number of states and union territories in government
0 / 31
Election symbol
Party flag
Website
www.samajwadiparty.in

History

Originally caste-based,[12] the Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged when the Janata Dal (People's League) fragmented into several regional parties. The party was founded by Mulayam Singh Yadav in 1992. Created just months before the Babri Masjid demolition, the party is said to played a key role in preventing violence within the state following the event.[13] The Samajwadi Party is now led by former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Akhilesh Yadav after he was chosen the President by the National Convention held on 1 January 2017.

The Samajwadi Party is primarily based in Uttar Pradesh State. It has contested Lok Sabha and State Assembly elections around the country, though its successes have been mainly in Uttar Pradesh. In the 2012 legislative assembly elections of Uttar Pradesh, SP registered a landslide victory with a clear majority in the House, thus enabling it to form the government in the state. This was expected to be the fifth term of Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister of state, but he surprised everyone by selecting his son, Akhilesh Yadav, to be the new chief minister (the youngest ever). It became official on 15 March. It was also the first time that SP was head of the UP government for a full term of 5 years.[14][15]

Position in state and national politics

The Samajawadi Party provided outside support to the United Progressive Alliance government up to the fourteenth general election. After the fourteenth general election its support became unnecessary when the UPA became the largest alliance. It contested the 2009 general election in alliance with the Rashtriya Janata Dal and the Lok Janshakti Party of Bihar.[16]

In the last general election, the Samajwadi Party was defeated by the BJP in Uttar Pradesh. It is currently the thirteenth largest party in parliament.[17] In the general elections of 2014, it won only 5 seats, while the Indian National Congress gained 44 seats and the Bharatiya Janata Party obtained a clear mandate with 282 seats.

In West Bengal, the West Bengal Socialist Party of Kiranmoy Nanda merged with the SP. The SP has two MLA each in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.

In April 2014, the Save Indian Family Foundation encouraged voters to support the Samajwadi Party or vote None of the above because the Samajwadi Party had stated that it opposed the alleged misuse of gender bias laws.[18]

The Samajwadi Party has called homosexuality "unethical and immoral."[19]

Muzzaffarnagar case
Main article: 2013 Muzaffarnagar riots

The clashes between the Hindu and Muslim communities in Muzaffarnagar district, Uttar Pradesh, India in August - September 2013, resulted in at [20] least 9 deaths and injured 34 after which an indefinite curfew was imposed.[21] By 17 September, the curfew was lifted from all riot affected areas and the army was also withdrawn.

Akhilesh Yadav warned of strict action against those found guilty.[22] He also blamed a political conspiracy behind these riots.[23] He also announced jobs to the kins of the people who were killed during the riots[20]

Proposed merger

In 2014, there was a proposed merger of Samajwadi Party with some other Janata Parivar parties uniting with Lalu Prasad Yadav and Nitish Kumar.[24][25]

Family feud

Since Akhilesh Yadav became Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, the Yadav family has been divided into two feuding groups. One of the groups is led by him with the support of his father's cousin, Ram Gopal Yadav. The rival group is led by Shivpal Singh Yadav and a friend, Amar Singh. Akhilesh Yadav has fired his uncle twice from his cabinet as it was seen by many as a direct challenge to his father Mulayam Singh Yadav, who has steadily supported his younger brother Shivpal over him.[26]

Battle in the family fired up when Akhilesh Yadav released a parallel list of 235 candidates for 2017 Uttar Pradesh election. Mulayam Singh Yadav and Shivpal Singh Yadav already has released list of 325 candidates few days before.[27]

On 30 December 2016, Mulayam Singh Yadav expelled his son Akhilesh Yadav and Ram Gopal Yadav from the party for six years on the grounds of indiscipline but re-inducted within 24 hours after a meet of 200 of the party's 229 MLAs at Akhilesh residence.

National Convention of January 2017

In a National Convention held on 1 January 2017 called by Ram Gopal Yadav, Akhilesh Yadav was declared the National President of Samajwadi Party. Naresh Chandra Uttam was named as Uttar Pradesh state president of the party.

In the meantime Mulayam Singh Yadav expelled Ram Gopal Yadav for six years for the third time in six months. Expulsion also included vice-president Kiranmoy Nanda and state general secretary Naresh Agarwal were also expelled for attending the convention.[28][29]

Election commission gets involved

After the national convention was declared illegal by Mulayam Singh Yadav and further truce talks failed Mulayam Singh along with Amar Singh and Jaya Prada decided to go to the Election Commission to sort out the matter.[30]

On 16 January, the Election Commission announced its decision and Akhilesh Yadav was declared the rightful owner of his Samajwadi Party's symbol, the cycle.[31]

Electoral Performances

Lok Sabha (Lower House)
Lok Sabha Term Indian
General Election		 Seats
contested		 Seats
won		 % of
votes		 % of votes in
seats contested		 State (seats)
11th Lok Sabha 1996 16 Uttar Pradesh (16)
12th Lok Sabha 1998 19 Uttar Pradesh (19)
13th Lok Sabha 1999 26 Uttar Pradesh (26)
14th Lok Sabha 2004 36 Uttar Pradesh (35) Uttarakhand (1)
15th Lok Sabha 2009 23 Uttar Pradesh (23)
16th Lok Sabha 2014 5 Uttar Pradesh (5)
17th Lok Sabha 2019 5 Uttar Pradesh (5)

Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha (Lower House)
Vidhan Sabha Term UP
elections		 Seats
contested		 Seats
won		 % of
votes		 Party Votes
12th Vidhan Sabha 1993 256 109 17.9 89,63,697
13th Vidhan Sabha 1996 281 110 21.8 1,20,85,226
14th Vidhan Sabha 2002 390 143 25.4 1,36,12,509
15th Vidhan Sabha 2007 393 97 25.4 1,32,67,674
16th Vidhan Sabha 2012 403 224 29.2 2,21,07,241
17th Vidhan Sabha 2017 298 47 22.0 1,89,23,689

List of Chief Ministers
No Name
Constituency		 Term of office[32][33] Tenure length Party[lower-alpha 1] Assembly[34]
(Election)		 Ref
1 Mulayam Singh Yadav
Jaswantnagar		 4 December 1993 3 June 1995 1 year, 181 days Samajwadi Party Twelfth Assembly (1993–95)
(1993 election)		 [35]
(1) Mulayam Singh Yadav
Gunnaur		 29 August 2003 13 May 2007 3 years, 257 days Samajwadi Party Fourteenth Assembly (2002–07)
(2002 election)		 [35]
2 Akhilesh Yadav
MLC		 15 March 2012 19 March 2017 5 years, 4 days Samajwadi Party Sixteenth Assembly (2012–17)
(2012 election)		 [36]
  1. This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.

List of Central Ministers
No. Name Term of office Portfolio Prime Minister
1 Mulayam Singh Yadav 1 June 1996 19 March 1998 Minister of Defence H. D. Deve Gowda
I. K. Gujral
2 Janeshwar Mishra 10 July 1996 May 1997 Minister of Water Resources H. D. Deve Gowda
I. K. Gujral
3 Beni Prasad Verma 21 April 1997 19 March 1998 Minister of Communications I. K. Gujral

See also

References
  1. "Command performance:The Samajwadi Party has national general secretary and Mulayam clan-member Ramgopal Yadav as editor of the Samajwadi Bulletin".
  2. "SP chatra sabha declares 70 district unit presidents name".
  3. "SP reinstates youth wings' office-bearers with a rider".
  4. "SP appoints presidents of nine frontal organisations".
  5. Singh, Mahendra Prasad; Saxena, Rekha (2003). India at the Polls: Parliamentary Elections in the Federal Phase. Orient Blackswan. p. 78. ISBN 978-8-125-02328-9.
  6. "Mulayam's son Prateek Yadav attracts eye balls during ride in Rs 5 crore Lamborghini". Zee News. 14 January 2017.
  7. Dutt, Sagarika (2003). UNESCO and a Just World Order. University of Michigan: Nova Science Publishers. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-590-33468-3.
  9. "Parties & Organisations". Progressive Alliance. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
  10. "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  11. "Why Uttar Pradesh is India's battleground state". BBC News.
  12. Kochanek, Stanley A.; Hardgrave, Robert L. (30 January 2007). India: Government and Politics in a Developing Nation. Cengage Learning. ISBN 9780495007494.
  13. Dixit, Neha. "Akhilesh Yadav in the family business". The Caravan. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  14. "Assembly Elections May 2013 Results". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
  15. "Assembly Elections 2012 - The end of Mayayug in UP". IndiaVoice. 6 March 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2012.
  16. "SP, RJD, LJP Front to kickstart UP campaign on Apr 9". Times of India. 5 April 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  17. "Sixteenth LokSabha Party wise". loksabha.nic.in. LokSabha. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  18. Anuraag Singh (17 April 2014). "Vote for Samajwadi Party or press Nota: Mulayam". Indiatimes. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
  19. "Homosexuality Is Unethical And Immoral: Samajwadi Party". News 18. 12 December 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2017.
  20. "Uttar Pradesh: Akhilesh Yadav government to provide jobs to Muzaffarnagar riot victims". The Financial Express. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  21. Ahmed Ali Fayyaz (8 September 2013). "9 killed in communal riots in Muzaffarnagar, curfew clamped, army deployed". The Indian Express. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  22. "Muzaffarnagar riots: Akhilesh Yadav warns strict action against those guilty". News18. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  23. "Akhilesh alleges political conspiracy behind Muzaffarnagar riots". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  24. Gupta, Smita. "Janata Parivar announces merger, Mulayam to head new party". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  25. "Merger of RJD, JD-U, SP would take place after Kharmas: Lalu". 27 December 2014.
  26. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/53902522.cms
  27. Akhilesh 'Tipu' Yadav Emerges as New Sultan of Samajwadi Party
  28. Akhilesh Yadav is new party chief, Mulayam Singh expels Ramgopal
  29. Akhilesh Yadav, Uncle Shivpal Factions Fight Over Samajwadi Party Office
  30. "Mulayam and Amar singh head to EC". The Quint. 3 January 2017.
  31. "Akhilesh gets the cycle". NDTV. 16 January 2017.
  32. Chief Ministers. Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Retrieved on 27 July 2013.
  33. President's rule. Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Retrieved on 27 July 2013.
  34. Date of Constitution & Dissolution of Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha Archived 12 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Retrieved on 27 July 2013.
  35. "Statistical Report on General Election, 2002, to the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh" [pdf]. Election Commission of India. Retrieved on 28 July 2013.
  36. "Statistical Report on General Election, 2012, to the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh" [pdf]. Election Commission of India. Retrieved on 28 July 2013.
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