Sir Robert Harland, 1st Baronet

Sir Robert Harland
Sir Robert Harland
	Admiral Sir Robert Harland
Born	ca. 1715
Died	21 February 1784
Allegiance	Kingdom of Great Britain
Service/branch	Royal Navy
Years of service	1729–1783
Rank	Admiral
Commands held	HMS Scipio; HMS Tilbury; HMS Nottingham; HMS Monarch; HMS Essex; HMS Conqueror; HMS Princess Louisa; East Indies Station
Battles/wars	War of the Austrian Succession; Seven Years' War

Admiral Sir Robert Harland, 1st Baronet (ca. 1715 – 21 February 1784) was a Royal Navy officer. He commanded HMS Tilbury at the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre in October 1747 during the War of the Austrian Succession and commanded HMS Princess Louisa at the Battle of Lagos in August 1759 during the Seven Years' War. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Station and then First Naval Lord.

Naval career

The Battle of Lagos in 1759 off Portugal - painting by Thomas Luny

Born the son of Captain Robert Harland, Harland joined the Royal Navy in 1729 when he was appointed a Volunteer-per-order on HMS Falkland.[1] He was present as a lieutenant on HMS Princessa at the Battle of Toulon on 11 February 1744.[1] He was given command of the fireship HMS Scipio in 1745 and, with promotion to post captain on 19 March 1746, he took command of HMS Tilbury and took part in Second Battle of Cape Finisterre on 14 October 1747.[1] He was then appointed to HMS Nottingham later that year and the following year had a major role in the capture of the French 74 gun Magnanime on 31 January 1748.[1][2] He commanded HMS Monarch from 1748 and HMS Essex from 1755 before transferring to HMS Conqueror in 1758.[1] In 1759 he transferred to HMS Princess Louisa and took part in the Battle of Lagos on 18 August 1759.[1]

Harland was promoted to rear-admiral on 18 October 1770 and appointed Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Station in 1771 remaining there until 1775.[1] He was appointed a baronet on 19 March 1771.[3] He was further promoted to vice-admiral on 5 February 1776[4] before becoming second in command of the Channel Fleet and fighting at the Battle of Ushant on 27 July 1778.[1]

Harland was appointed to the Board of Admiralty in the Second Rockingham ministry in April 1782.[5] He served as First Naval Lord from 1 April 1782, with the rank of full admiral from 8 April 1782,[6] until he left on 30 January 1783.[7] He died at his home in Sproughton in Suffolk on 21 February 1784.[1]

Family

In 1749 he married Susanna Reynold; they had three daughters and a son.[8]

References

"Sir Robert Harland, 1st Baronet". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
"Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review, Volume 18". The Gentleman's Magazine: 136. March 1748.
"No. 11127". The London Gazette. 16 March 1771. p. 2.
"No. 11637". The London Gazette. 3 February 1776. p. 2.
"Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Retrieved 4 September 2009.
"No. 12286". The London Gazette. 9 April 1782. p. 2.
Rodger, p. 69
The Peerage.com

Sources

Cock, Randolph (2004). "Sir Robert Harland, 1st Baronet". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press.
Laughton, John Knox (1890). "Harland, Robert" . In Stephen, Leslie; Lee, Sidney (eds.). Dictionary of National Biography. 24. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Rodger, N.A.M. (1979). The Admiralty. Offices of State. Lavenham: T. Dalton Ltd. ISBN 0900963948.

Military offices
Preceded by John Lindsay	Commander-in-Chief, East Indies Station 1771–1775	Succeeded by Edward Hughes
Preceded by George Darby	First Naval Lord 1782–1783	Succeeded by Hugh Pigot
Baronetage of Great Britain
New creation	Baronet (of Sproughton) 1771–1784	Succeeded by Robert Harland

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[odnb-1] "Sir Robert Harland, 1st Baronet". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 23 July 2017.

[GMHR-2] "Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review, Volume 18". The Gentleman's Magazine: 136. March 1748.

[3] "No. 11127". The London Gazette. 16 March 1771. p. 2.

[4] "No. 11637". The London Gazette. 3 February 1776. p. 2.

[5] "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Retrieved 4 September 2009.

[6] "No. 12286". The London Gazette. 9 April 1782. p. 2.

[7] Rodger, p. 69

[8] The Peerage.com

First Sea Lords of the Royal Navy
Senior Naval Lords (1689–1771)	Arthur Herbert Sir John Chicheley Edward Russell Henry Priestman Earl of Orford Sir George Rooke Sir John Leake Sir George Byng Sir John Leake Sir George Byng Matthew Aylmer Sir George Byng Sir John Jennings Sir John Norris Sir Charles Wager Lord Archibald Hamilton Lord Harry Powlett Lord Archibald Hamilton Lord Vere Beauclerk Lord Anson Sir William Rowley Edward Boscawen Sir William Rowley Edward Boscawen John Forbes Earl Howe Sir Charles Saunders Augustus Keppel Sir Peircy Brett Sir Francis Holburne
First Naval Lords (1771–1904)	Augustus Hervey Sir Hugh Palliser Robert Man George Darby Sir Robert Harland Sir Hugh Pigot John Leveson-Gower Lord Hood Sir Charles Middleton James Gambier Sir Thomas Troubridge James Gambier John Markham James Gambier Sir Richard Bickerton William Domett Sir Joseph Yorke Sir Graham Moore Sir William Johnstone Hope Sir George Cockburn Sir Thomas Hardy The Hon. George Dundas Charles Adam Sir George Cockburn Sir Charles Adam Sir George Cockburn Sir William Parker Sir Charles Adam Sir James Dundas The Hon. Maurice Berkeley Hyde Parker The Hon. Maurice Berkeley The Hon. Sir Richard Dundas William Martin The Hon. Sir Richard Dundas The Hon. Sir Frederick Grey Sir Alexander Milne Sir Sydney Dacres Sir Alexander Milne Sir Hastings Yelverton Sir George Wellesley Sir Astley Key Sir Arthur Hood Lord John Hay Sir Arthur Hood Sir Richard Hamilton Sir Anthony Hoskins Sir Frederick Richards Lord Walter Kerr
First Sea Lords (1904–present)	Sir John Fisher Sir Arthur Wilson Sir Francis Bridgeman Prince Louis of Battenberg The Lord Fisher Sir Henry Jackson Sir John Jellicoe Sir Rosslyn Wemyss The Earl Beatty Sir Charles Madden, Bt Sir Frederick Field The Lord Chatfield Sir Roger Backhouse Sir Dudley Pound The Lord Cunningham of Hyndhope Sir John Cunningham The Lord Fraser of North Cape Sir Rhoderick McGrigor The Earl Mountbatten of Burma Sir Charles Lambe Sir Caspar John Sir David Luce Sir Varyl Begg Sir Michael Le Fanu Sir Peter Hill-Norton Sir Michael Pollock Sir Edward Ashmore Sir Terence Lewin Sir Henry Leach Sir John Fieldhouse Sir William Staveley Sir Julian Oswald Sir Benjamin Bathurst Sir Jock Slater Sir Michael Boyce Sir Nigel Essenhigh Sir Alan West Sir Jonathon Band Sir Mark Stanhope Sir George Zambellas Sir Philip Jones Tony Radakin