Slavuta

Slavuta (Ukrainian: Славута, Russian: Славу́та, Polish: Sławuta, Yiddish: סלאוויטא‎, romanized: Slavita) is a city of oblast subordinance in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast (province) of western Ukraine, located on the Horyn River. (district), the city itself is also designated as a separate raion within the oblast, and is located approximately 80 km from the oblast capital, Khmelnytskyi, at around 50°18′N 26°52′E. Population: 35,230 (2020 est.)[1]

For the Romanian village of Slăvuţa, see Cruşeţ. For the Romanian river, see Slăvuța River.

Slavuta

Славута

סלאוויטא‎ Slavita
Sławuta
Slavuta, Khmelnitskyi Oblast
Flag
Coat of arms
Slavuta
Location of Slavuta in Ukraine
Slavuta
Slavuta (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 50°18′10″N 26°52′06″E
Country Ukraine
Oblast Khmelnytskyi Oblast
RaionShepetivka Raion
First mention dateXVII
City rights1633
Government
 • MayorVasyl B. Sydor
Area
 • Total20 km2 (8 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total35,230
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
30000
Area code(s)+380 3842
Websitehttp://www.slavuta-mvk.info/

History

Located in Volhynia, Slavuta was founded by a member of Zaslawski family in 1633.[2] As the family extinguished, all its possessions were transferred to Lubomirski family. Eventually the town was passed on to Marianna Lubomirska who married Pawel Sanguszko who turned the town into the family seat of the Sanguszko princes.

Between 1922 and 1939 it was on the Soviet border with Poland.

In 1791 the Szapira family set up a Hebrew printing press in Slavuta, which published an influential edition of the Talmud. Moshe Feldenkrais was born in Slavuta on May 6, 1904.[3]

Jewish history

Slavuta has a rich Jewish history. The town had a prominent Jewish community since near its establishment in the 1600s. Town records show 246 Jewish families in 1765.[2]

The peak of the Jewish population of Slavuta is over 5100 in 1939, about 1/3 of the town's population. In the late 1890s the Jewish population of Slavuta was near 60% at 4900 people.

The Jewish community consisted of farmers, traders, storekeepers, and rabbinical teachers. Slavuta at one point had nearly 200 Jewish owned shops, largely due to Slavuta being established as a prominent trading town and Jewish center. Slavuta also had three established synagogues.[2]

Slavita Shas

A complete Talmud, known as The Slavita Shas[4] was published in 1817[5] by Rabbi Moshe Shapira,[6] "Av Bais Din and printer of Slavita."[5]:p.185 The Shapira Press was given a 25-year license to be the soul publishers of the Talmud in their region by a Jewish court.[7]

World War II and beyond

With WWII and the invasion of Nazis, the Jews of Slavuta had a fate similar as the Jews of hundreds of other villages near and far.[8] Many hundreds were able to flee to Tashkent and Siberia. But over 2000 Jews were killed in the Slavuta ghetto and concentration camp. All but one synagogue remained, and the mass grave of Jews killed was left in a field.

After WWII, the town still had a sizable Jewish community. The survivors of the ghetto and concentration camp, the Jews who fled to Siberia and Tashkent, as well as surviving Jews from surrounding villages that had been completely destroyed, came back and resettled. Synagogue papers, furniture, and scripts from the surrounding ravaged communities had been brought to the Slavuta synagogue. Slavuta also had many monuments established, dedicated to the Jews killed during WWII. Today, the Jewish population is nearly 700.[9]

Famous residents
  • Orthodox church in Slavuta
  • Church of St. Dorothy
  • Car monuments in downtown Slavuta
  • Church of Nativity of the Theotokos
  • Soviet World War II monument in Slavuta
  • Sanguszko Palace

See also

References
  1. "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
  2. "Slavuta". Retrieved May 24, 2019. 1633 .. self-governing town rights. .. first synagogue, archive documents in 1731. In 1765 .. poll tax .. 246 Jews registered
  3. Feldenkrais.com Archived January 19, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  4. "A loan from the heart". Hamodia. February 12, 2015.
  5. Hanoch Teller. Soul Survivors. New York City Publishing Company. pp. 185-203. ISBN 0-961-4772-0-2. .. a copy of the greatly valued Slavita Shas.
  6. "This Day In History 9 Kislev/December 9 - 5560/1839, Harav Moshe Shapira of Slavita, zy"a". Hamodia. December 9, 2016.
  7. Hoffman, Yair (December 22, 2016). "The Slavuta Shas". The Yeshiva World. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
  8. "Memorials to the murdered Jews of Slavuta".
  9. http://jewua.org/slavuta/
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.