Tashbih

Tashbih (Arabic: تشبيه‎) is an Islamic religious concept meaning closeness. In Islamic theology, two opposite terms are attributed to Allah, tashbih and tanzih, or closeness and transcendence.

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This article is about Islamic theological concept. For the attribution of human emotions, or the ascription of human feelings or passions to a deity, see anthropopathy.

However, the fuller meaning of tashbih is 'affirming similarity', i.e. affirming Allah's nearness to humanity. This concept is eternally juxtaposed with Allah's tanzih (transcendence, or 'declaring incompatibility').

The literal meaning of the word is "to declare something similar to something else". This definition affirms that Allah has some similarity to his creations: "Nothing is like Him." (Sura 42:11) but His attributes require some similarity to the world, as people associate compassion, mercy and wrath with our interpretation of such adjectives.

The two, opposing aspects affect every aspect of a Muslim's belief, action and relationship with Allah. Tashbih is associated with Allah's Right Hand (mercy) in contrast to tanzih being associated with his Left Hand (wrath).

The Divine Names of Allah associated with tashbih are those that indicate nearness, closeness and mercy: Compassionate, Merciful, Desiring, Forgiver, Creator and Loving.

References

Murata, Sachiko; William C. Chittick (2000). The Vision of Islam. I. B. Tauris. ISBN 1-86064-022-2.


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