Thallium(I) hydroxide
Thallium(I) hydroxide, also called thallous hydroxide, TlOH, is a hydroxide of thallium, with thallium in oxidation state +1.
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
thallium(I) hydroxide | |
Other names
thallous hydroxide | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.540 ![]() |
PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
TlOH | |
Molar mass | 221.390 g/mol |
Appearance | yellow needles |
Density | 7.44 g/cm3 |
Melting point | decomposes at 139°C |
34.3 g/100g at 18°C | |
Hazards | |
Main hazards | Very toxic (T+)
Corrosive (C) Dangerous for the environment (N) |
EU classification (DSD) (outdated) |
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NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Thermochemistry | |
Std molar entropy (S |
88.0 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
-238.9 kJ·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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Infobox references | |
Synthesis
Thallium(I) hydroxide is obtained from the decomposition of thallium(I) ethoxide in water.[2]
- C2H5OTl + H2O → TlOH + C2H5OH
This can also be done by direct reaction of thallium with ethanol and oxygen gas.
- 4 Tl + 2 C2H5OH + O2 → 2 C2H5OTl + 2 TlOH
Another method is the reaction between thallium(I) sulfate and barium hydroxide.
- Tl2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 → 2 TlOH + BaSO4
Properties
Thallous hydroxide is a strong base; it dissociates to the thallous ion, Tl+, except in strongly basic conditions. Tl+ resembles an alkali metal ion, A+, such as Li+ or K+.
References
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