Udaloy-class destroyer

The Udaloy class, Russian designations Project 1155 Fregat and Project 11551 Fregat-M (Russian: Фрегат, 'Fregat' meaning Frigate), are series of anti-submarine guided missile destroyers built for the Soviet Navy, seven of which are currently in service with the Russian Navy. Twelve ships were built between 1980 and 1991, while the thirteenth ship built to a modified design, known as Udaloy II class, followed in 1999. They complement the Sovremennyy-class destroyers in anti-aircraft and anti-surface warfare operations. The codename Udaloy comes from an archaic Russian adjective удалой, meaning daring or bold.

Admiral Vinogradov underway
Class overview
Name: Udaloy class
Builders:
Operators:
Preceded by: Sovremenny class
Succeeded by: Lider class
Built: 1977–1994
In commission: 1980–present
Planned: 15
Completed: 13 (12 Udaloy I, 1 Udaloy II)
Cancelled: 2
Active: 8
Laid up: 1
Retired: 5
General characteristics
Type: Guided missile destroyer
Displacement:
  • 6,930 tons standard
  • 7,570 tons full load[1]
Length: 163 m (535 ft)
Beam: 19.3 m (63 ft)
Draught: 6.2 m (20 ft)
Propulsion: 2 shaft COGAG, 2× D090 6.7 MW and 2× DT59 16.7 gas turbines, 120,000 hp 89.456 MW
Speed: 35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph)
Range: 10,500 nmi (19,400 km; 12,100 mi) at 14 kn (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Complement: 300
Sensors and
processing systems:
  • Radar: MR-760MA Fregat-MA/Top Plate 3-D air search radar and MR-320M Topaz-V/Strut Pair air/surface search radar
  • Sonar: Horse Tail LF VDS sonar and Horse Jaw bow mounted LF sonar
  • Fire Control: 2 MR-360 Podkat/Cross Sword SA-N-9 SAM control, 2 3P37/Hot Flash SA-N-11 SAM control, Garpun-BAL SSM targeting
Electronic warfare
& decoys:
  • Bell Squat jammer
  • Bell Shroud intercept
  • Bell Crown intercept
  • 2 × PK-2 decoy RL
  • 10 × PK-10 decoy RL in later ships
Armament:
Aircraft carried: 2 × Ka-27 series helicopters
Aviation facilities: Helipad and hangar

History

The Project 1155 dates to the 1970s when it was concluded that it was too costly to build large-displacement, multi-role combatants. The concept of a specialized surface ship was developed by Soviet designers. Two different types of warships were laid down which were designed by the Severnoye Design Bureau: Project 956 destroyer and Project 1155 large anti-submarine ship. The Udaloy class are generally considered the Soviet equivalent of the American Spruance-class destroyers. There are variations in SAM and air search radar among units of the class. Based on the Krivak class, the emphasis on anti-submarine warfare (ASW) left these ships with limited anti-surface and anti-air capabilities.

In 2015, the Russian Navy initially announced that five out of the eight Project 1155 ships will be refurbished and upgraded as part of the Navy modernization program by 2022. In 2020 it was suggested that a total of eight Project 1155/1155.1 vessels would be upgraded to the same standard, though work on the remaining three units would extend beyond 2022.[2] In addition to overhauling their radio-electronic warfare and life support systems, they will receive modern missile complexes to fire P-800 Oniks and Kalibr cruise missiles.[3] The ships are to have their service life extended by 30 years until sufficient numbers of Admiral Gorshkov-class frigates are commissioned. Upgrades will include replacing the Rastrub-B Silex missiles with 3S-24 angling launchers fitted with four 3S-34 containers using the 3M-24/SS-N-25 Switchblade anti-ship missile, and two 3S-14-1155 universal VLS with 16 cells for Kalibr land attack, anti-ship, and anti-submarine cruise missiles in place of one of the AK-100 guns.[4]

Udaloy II

Following Udaloy's commissioning, designers began developing an upgrade package in 1982 to provide more balanced capabilities with a greater emphasis on anti-shipping. The Project 1155.1 Fregat II Class Large ASW Ship (NATO Codename Udaloy II) is roughly the counterpart of the Improved Spruance class; only one was originally completed.

Similar to Udaloy externally, it was a new configuration replacing the SS-N-14 with SS-N-22 "Sunburn" (Moskit) anti-ship missiles, a twin 130 mm gun, UDAV-1 anti-torpedo rockets, and gun/SAM CIWS systems. A standoff ASW capability is retained by firing SS-N-15 missiles from the torpedo tubes.

Powered by a modern gas turbine engine, the Udaloy II is equipped with more capable sonars, an integrated air defense fire control system, and a number of digital electronic systems based on state-of-the-art circuitry. The original MGK-355 Polinom integrated sonar system (with NATO reporting names Horse Jaw and Horse Tail respectively for the hull mounted and towed portions) on Udaloy-I ships is replaced by its successor, a newly designed Zvezda M-2 sonar system that has a range in excess of 100 kilometres (62 mi) in the 2nd convergence zone.[5] The Zvezda sonar system is considered by its designers to be the equivalent in terms of overall performance of the AN/SQS-53 on US destroyers, though much bulkier and heavier than its American counterpart: the length of the hull mounted portion is nearly 30 meters. The torpedo approaching warning function of the Polinom sonar system is retained and further improved by its successor.

Operational history

In 2008 Admiral Chabanenko became the first Russian warship to transit the Panama Canal since World War II.[6]

Vice-Admiral Kulakov deployed to the Mediterranean Sea from its home base in Russia's Northern Fleet in June 2014.[7][8][9]

Ships
 Name   Namesake   Laid down   Launched   Commissioned   Status 
Udaloy I class (Russian type BPK - Large ASW Ship)
Udaloy Bold 23 July 1977 5 February 1980 31 December 1980 Decommissioned in 1997. Scrapped at Murmansk in 2002
Vice-Admiral Kulakov Nikolai Mikhailovich Kulakov 4 November 1977 16 May 1980 29 December 1981 Modernization completed in 2010, in service with the Northern Fleet
Marshal Vasilyevsky Aleksandr Vasilevsky 22 April 1979 29 December 1981 8 December 1983 Decommissioned
Admiral Zakharov Mikhail Nikolayevich Zakharov 16 October 1981 4 November 1982 30 December 1983 Caught fire in 1992 and scrapped
Admiral Spiridonov Emil Nikolayevich Spiridonov 11 April 1982 28 April 1984 30 December 1984 Decommissioned in 2001. 2002 sold for scrap.
Admiral Tributs Vladimir Filippovich Tributs 19 April 1980 26 March 1983 30 December 1985 Caught fire in 1991, but modernised and returned to service.[10] In service with the Pacific Fleet
Marshal Shaposhnikov Boris Mikhailovich Shaposhnikov 25 May 1983 27 December 1984 30 December 1985 Launched after modernisation, to return into service with the Pacific Fleet in 2020 [11]
Severomorsk Severomorsk 12 June 1984 24 December 1985 30 December 1987 In service with the Northern Fleet
Admiral Levchenko Gordey Ivanovich Levchenko 27 January 1982 21 February 1985 30 September 1988 In reserve with the Northern Fleet [12]Reported in overhaul for upgrade to Marshal Shaposhnikov standard.[13][14]
Admiral Vinogradov Nikolai Ignatevich Vinogradov 5 February 1986 4 June 1987 30 December 1988 In modernization, to receive 32 UKSK cells [15]
Admiral Kharlamov Nikolay Mikhaylovich Kharlamov 8 July 1986 29 June 1988 30 December 1989 Decommissioned on 1st December 2020 [16]
Admiral Panteleyev Yuriy Aleksandrovich Panteleyev 28 January 1988 7 February 1990 19 December 1991 In service with the Pacific Fleet
Udaloy II class
Admiral Chabanenko Andrey Trofimovich Chabanenko 28 February 1989 16 June 1994 28 January 1999 Laid up to be repaired, planned to return to service with the Northern Fleet by 2023 [17]
Admiral Basisty Nikolai Efremovich Basistiy 1991 Scrapped in 1994
Admiral Kucherov Stepan Grigorievich Kucherov Scrapped in 1993
  • Admiral Levchenko (605) sailing along with USS Hue City in the North Sea, 2004
  • Marshal Shaposhnikov transiting the channel into Pearl Harbor in 2003
  • Admiral Panteleyev
  • Vice Admiral Kulakov in 1985
  • Vice-Admiral Kulakov arriving at Portsmouth, UK in August 2012.
  • Vice-Admiral Kulakov arriving at Portsmouth, UK in August 2012.
  • Vice-Admiral Kulakov leaving Portsmouth, UK in August 2012.
  • Vice-Admiral Kulakov's upperworks and Top Plate radar.
  • SS-N-14 Silex missiles aboard Vice-Admiral Kulakov.
  • 100mm 70cal DP guns of Vice-Admiral Kulakov.
  • Stern & flight deck of Vice-Admiral Kulakov.

See also

References
  1. Противолодочные корабли, Том III, часть 1, "Корабли ВМФ СССР", Ю.В. Апалков, Санкт-Петербург, 2005
  2. https://tass.com/defense/1213755
  3. Russian Navy to modernize five Udaloy-class (Project 1155) ASW Destroyers by 2020 - Navyrecognition.com, 23 January 2017
  4. Russian Navy Udaloy I-class ASW Destroyer Marshal Shaposhnikov to Receive Kalibr Missiles - Navyrecognition.com, 22 August 2017
  5. "Udaloy Class Anti-Submarine Destroyers - Naval Technology". Retrieved 2016-03-16.
  6. "Russian ship enters Panama Canal". BBC News Online. December 6, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-06.
  7. Kramnik, Ilya (11 December 2009). "Russian Navy's days could be numbered". Moscow: RIA Novosti. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  8. "Russian North Fleet destroyer to rejoin fleet after 18 years". Moscow: RIA Novosti. 5 April 2010. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  9. "Russian Naval Destroyer Moving to Mediterranean". Moscow: RIA Novosti. 29 July 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  10. "Pacific Fleet Moving South". 21 September 2005. Archived from the original on 9 May 2006.
  11. https://ic.pics.livejournal.com/navy_korabel/63221775/120824/120824_original.jpg
  12. https://ic.pics.livejournal.com/navy_korabel/63221775/120824/120824_original.jpg
  13. https://tass.com/defense/1213755
  14. https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/focus-analysis/naval-technology/8044-russian-navy-to-focus-on-frigates-submarines-part-2.html
  15. https://iz.ru/1097835/roman-kretcul-aleksei-ramm/udaloi-fregat-tikhookeanskie-rubezhi-zashchitit-korabl-s-tcirkonami
  16. https://vz.ru/news/2020/12/2/1073507.html
  17. https://ic.pics.livejournal.com/navy_korabel/63221775/120824/120824_original.jpg
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