Wray Castle

Wray Castle is a Victorian neo-gothic building at Claife in the English county of Cumbria. The house and grounds have belonged to the National Trust since 1929, but the house has only recently opened to the public on a regular basis.[1] The grounds, which include part of the shoreline of Windermere, are open all year round and are renowned for their selection of specimen trees – Wellingtonia, redwood, Ginkgo biloba, weeping lime and varieties of beech.

Wray Castle
Wray Castle: its gothic features include fake arrowslits
Location within Cumbria
Established2011 (2011)
Location Claife, South Lakeland, Cumbria
Coordinates54°24′02″N 2°57′51″W
OwnerNational Trust
Public transit accessSee website
Websitewww.nationaltrust.org.uk/wray-castle
Listed Building – Grade II*
Official nameR.M.S. Wray Castle
Designated25 March 1970
Reference no.1106324
Listed Building – Grade II
Listings5 including Retaining Walls and Boathouse

Between March and October, Windermere Lake Cruises operate a passenger boat service from Ambleside and the Brockhole National Park Visitor Centre to Wray Castle.[2]

History

The house was built in 1840 for a retired Liverpudlian surgeon, James Dawson, who built it along with the neighbouring Wray Church using his wife's fortune. After Dawson's death in 1875 the estate was inherited by his fifteen year old nephew, Edward Preston Rawnsley. In 1877 Edward's cousin, Hardwicke Rawnsley, took up the appointment of vicar of Wray Church. To protect the countryside from damaging development, Hardwicke Rawnsley, building on an idea propounded by John Ruskin, conceived of a National Trust that could buy and preserve places of natural beauty and historic interest for the nation.

Beatrix Potter aged 16 stayed here in 1882 on a family holiday, beginning her long association with the Lake District.

The house has an association with another key player in the National Trust, Beatrix Potter, who spent a summer holiday there when she was 16 in 1882. She bought a small farm in the Claife area, Hill Top, in 1905 with royalties from her first book The Tale of Peter Rabbit. She went on to buy considerable tracts of land nearby, though she never owned the castle itself. In 1929 Wray Castle and 64 acres (260,000 m2) of land were given to the National Trust by Sir Noton and Lady Barclay.

Since the National Trust acquired the castle it has been used for a variety of purposes, for short time from 1929 being a youth hostel[3] For twenty years from 1931 the castle housed the offices of the Freshwater Biological Association.[4]

The Badge of "RMS Wray Castle" (as worn by some cadets during Merchant Navy College days)

From 1958 to 1998 it became a training college for Merchant Navy radio officers (RMS Wray Castle), with up to 150 cadets living in the castle while studying the procedures and regulations regarding the use of radio for the ″Safety of Life at Sea″.[5]

The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System or GMDSS was introduced in 1988 and all ships had to be fitted by 1999, thus bringing to an end the position of radio officer. In 1995 the last 'Radio Officer' left and the college diversified into ROV and general telecoms training, finally leaving the Castle in 2004.

In 2011 the National Trust proposed to lease the property, which had been denuded of its furnishings, for use as a hotel.[6] However, they decided to open it to the public during the visitor season that year. High visitor numbers meant that the property, which in its empty state was particularly child-friendly, had clear potential to be developed as a visitor attraction. In 2014 the Trust applied for retrospective planning permission to change the use of the listed building to visitor attraction.[7]

Legacy

A ship, the Wray Castle, was named after the site. It was one of five large vessels built at the Williamson shipyard at Workington for the Lancaster Shipowners Company, the others were Greystoke Castle, Lancaster Castle, Lowther Castle and Pendragon Castle. The Wray Castle was the fourth, an iron four-master launched in March 1889.

See also

References
  1. For information on opening times and dates see the National Trust website
  2. "Green Cruise". Windermere Lake Cruises. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  3. Townley Macan, Thomas (1970). Biological studies of the English lakes. Longman. p. 22.
  4. "The Freshwater Biological Association at Wray Castle: Recollections of its first director" (PDF). Freshwater Forum. 1 (1): 24–28. 1991. ISSN 0961-4664. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
  5. Sharp, Paul; Hatt, E.M. (1965). Follies. Taplinger Publishing. p. 105.
  6. "Last peek at Wray Castle before it's a hotel". Westmorland Gazette. 2011. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  7. "Historic Lake District home aims to be official attraction".
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