1182

Year 1182 (MCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1182 by topic
Leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1182 in poetry
1182 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1182
MCLXXXII
Ab urbe condita1935
Armenian calendar631
ԹՎ ՈԼԱ
Assyrian calendar5932
Balinese saka calendar1103–1104
Bengali calendar589
Berber calendar2132
English Regnal year28 Hen. 2 – 29 Hen. 2
Buddhist calendar1726
Burmese calendar544
Byzantine calendar6690–6691
Chinese calendar辛丑年 (Metal Ox)
3878 or 3818
    — to —
壬寅年 (Water Tiger)
3879 or 3819
Coptic calendar898–899
Discordian calendar2348
Ethiopian calendar1174–1175
Hebrew calendar4942–4943
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1238–1239
 - Shaka Samvat1103–1104
 - Kali Yuga4282–4283
Holocene calendar11182
Igbo calendar182–183
Iranian calendar560–561
Islamic calendar577–578
Japanese calendarYōwa 2 / Juei 1
(寿永元年)
Javanese calendar1089–1090
Julian calendar1182
MCLXXXII
Korean calendar3515
Minguo calendar730 before ROC
民前730年
Nanakshahi calendar−286
Seleucid era1493/1494 AG
Thai solar calendar1724–1725
Tibetan calendar阴金牛年
(female Iron-Ox)
1308 or 927 or 155
    — to —
阳水虎年
(male Water-Tiger)
1309 or 928 or 156
A statue of Saladin in Damascus (2008)

Events

Byzantine Empire
  • April – Massacre of the Latins: The Roman Catholic (called "Latin") inhabitants of Constantinople massacre the Venetian, Genoan, and other Latin officials and traders who rule as agents of Empress Maria of Antioch. She is the mother and regent of 12-year-old Emperor Alexios II. In August, Andronikos Komnenos, a cousin of Maria's late husband, Emperor Manuel I (Komnenos), raises an army and enters the city, representing himself as the 'protector' of Alexios. He is proclaimed as co-emperor under the name Andronikos I, and has Maria imprisoned and later condemned to be strangled – forcing a signature from Alexios to put his mother to death.[1]
  • September – Alexios II is murdered after a 3-year reign at Constantinople. The 64-year-old Andronikos I is proclaimed emperor of the Byzantine Empire before the crowd on the terrace of the Church of Christ of the Chalke. He marries Alexios' widow, the 11-year-old Agnes of France, and makes in November a treaty with Venice in which he promised a yearly indemnity as compensation for Venetian losses during the Massacre of the Latins.[2]

Levant
  • May 11 – Saladin leads an Egyptian expeditionary force from Cairo to Syria. In June, he arrives in Damascus and learns that his nephew Farrukh Shah has raided Galilee, and sacked the villages near Mount Tabor. On his way back, Farrukh Shah attacks the fortress of Habis Jaldak, carved out of the rock above the River Yarmuk. The garrison, Christian Syrians with no great wish to die for the Crusaders, promptly surrenders.[3]
  • July – August – Battle of Belvoir Castle: Saladin crosses into Palestine round the south of the Sea of Galilee. King Baldwin IV (the Leper) of Jerusalem marches with his army back from Oultrejordain and attacks Saladin's forces near Belvoir Castle (modern Israel). In a fierce battle, the Crusaders successfully repel Saladin's invasion. At the end of the day, each side retired, claiming the victory.[4]
  • August – Saladin sends an Egyptian fleet to blockade Beirut and leads his forces in the Bekaa Valley. The city is strongly fortified and Baldwin IV rushes with his army up from Galilee – only pausing to collect the ships that lay in the harbors of Acre and Tyre. Failing to take Beirut by assault before the Crusaders arrived, Saladin breaks of the siege and withdraws.[5]
  • September – Saladin invades the Jazira Region, ending the truce between him and the Zangids. After a feint attack on Aleppo, he crosses the Euphrates. The towns of the Jazira fall before him; the cities of Edessa, Saruj and Nisibin are captured in October. Saladin presses on to Mosul, and begins the siege of the city on November 10.[6]
  • November – Al-Nasir, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, is shocked by the war between fellow-Muslims and tries to negotiate a peace. Saladin, thwarted by the strong fortifications of Mosul, retreats to Sinjar. He marches to conquer Diarbekir, the richest and the greatest fortress of the Jazira Region (with the finest library in Islam).[7]
  • December – Baldwin IV raids through the Hauran and reaches Bosra, while Raymond of Tripoli recaptures Habis Jaldak. A few days later, Baldwin sets out with a Crusader force to Damascus and encamped at Dareiya in the suburbs. He decides not to attack the city and retires laden with booty, to spend Christmas at Tyre.[8]
  • Winter – Raynald of Châtillon, lord of Oultrejordain, orders the building of five ships which are carried to the Gulf of Aqaba at the northern end of the Red Sea. Part of his fleet makes a raid along the coast, threatening the security of the holy cities on Pharaoh's Island (or Île de Graye).[9]

Europe

Asia

Religion
  • The Maronite Church reestablishes its affiliation with the Roman Catholic Church.

Births

Deaths

References
  1. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, pp. 348–349. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  2. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 349. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  3. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 352. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  4. Beeler, John (1971). Warfare in Feudal Europe, 730–1200, p. 138. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University. ISBN 0-8014-9120-7.
  5. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 352. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  6. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 353. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  7. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 353. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  8. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 354. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  9. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States, p. 284. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9.
  10. Bradbury, Jim (1997). Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223, p. 53. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-0-582-06059-3.
  11. Makk, Ferenc (1989). The Árpáds and the Comneni: Political Relations between Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th century, p. 116. (Translated by György Novák). Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-05-5268-4.
  12. Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
  13. Abels, Richard Philip; Bachrach, Bernard S. (2001). The Normans and their adversaries at war. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. p. 100. ISBN 0-85115-847-1.
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