125th Street (Manhattan)

125th Street, co-named Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard, is a two-way street that runs east–west in the New York City borough of Manhattan, from First Avenue on the east to Marginal Street, a service road for the Henry Hudson Parkway along the Hudson River in the west. It is often considered to be the "Main Street" of Harlem.

This article is about a street in Harlem, also named Martin Luther King, Jr., Boulevard. For other 125th Streets, see 125th Street (disambiguation). For other Martin Luther King, Jr., Boulevards, see Martin Luther King, Jr., Boulevard.

West 125th Street near Broadway, looking west toward the Hudson River. The 125th Street subway station of the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line can be seen overhead.

Notable buildings along 125th Street include the Apollo Theater, the Adam Clayton Powell Jr. State Office Building, the Hotel Theresa, the Studio Museum in Harlem, the Mount Morris Bank Building, Harlem Commonwealth Council, the Harlem Children's Zone, the Church of St. Joseph of the Holy Family, and the former West End Theatre, now home to the La Gree Baptist Church.

History

The street was designated by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 that established the Manhattan street grid as one of 15 east–west streets that would be 100 feet (30 m) in width (while other streets were designated as 60 feet (18 m) in width).[1]

Neighborhoods
The world-famous Apollo Theater

The western part of the street runs diagonally between the neighborhoods of Manhattanville and Morningside Heights from the northwest from an interchange with the Henry Hudson Parkway at 130th Street. East of Morningside Avenue it runs east–west through central Harlem to Second Avenue, where a ramp connects it to the Robert F. Kennedy (Triborough) Bridge. However, 125th Street continues to First Avenue, where it connects to the southbound FDR Drive and the Willis Avenue Bridge.

West of Convent Avenue, 125th Street was rerouted onto what was, prior to 1920, called Manhattan Street. What remains of the original alignment of 125th Street was renamed La Salle Street at that time. The remaining blocks run between Amsterdam Avenue and Claremont Avenue. The New York Times lamented the name changes, noting that the new names had "somewhat doubtful nomenclature", and that the City's "Aldermen like French names" but gave no rationale for the moves otherwise.[2] A block of the original 125th Street in this area was de-mapped to make the super-blocks where the Grant Houses projects now exist.

A proposal to convert the street into a Trans-Harlem Expressway died when funds were diverted from the proposed 125th Street Hudson River bridge at the street's western end.

Beginning in the late 1990s, many sections of 125th Street have been gentrified and developed with such stores as MAC Cosmetics, Old Navy, H&M, CVS/pharmacy, and Magic Johnson Theaters. In collaboration with the community, the city has developed a plan for the 125th Street corridor focusing on reinforcing and building upon its strengths as an arts and cultural corridor.[3]

Fault line
See also: Earthquake activity in the New York City area

A rift in the crust runs along underneath this street from the East River to New Jersey and is known as the 125th Street Fault or the Manhattanville Fault.[4][5][6] It is suspected to have caused a magnitude-5.2 earthquake in 1737, two smaller ones in 1981,[7] and a 2.4 magnitude quake in 2001.[6] The fault line skims across the top of Central Park and runs to Roosevelt Island to the southeast. It creates a fault valley deep enough to require the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line (1 train) to use a trestle between 122nd and 135th Streets, even though the line goes underground at either end and remains at the same elevation above sea level throughout.[8] Riverside Drive also crosses over the fault valley on a high viaduct.

Public transportation

The following New York City Subway stations are located at 125th Street (west to east):[9]

The following NYC Bus lines serve 125th Street:[10]

Metro-North Railroad's Harlem–125th Street station is located at the street's intersection with Park Avenue.[11]

The planned second phase of the Second Avenue Subway, continuing north from the 116th Street station, will turn westward onto 125th Street, terminating at a station at Lexington Avenue. The new station would connect to the Metro-North and preexisting Lexington Avenue subway stations there.[12]

  • The Studio Museum in Harlem
    (144 West 125th St.)
  • Harlem Savings Bank, listed on the
    National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
    (123 East 125th St.)
  • St. Joseph of the Holy Family Church
    the oldest existing church in Harlem and above 44th Street[13]
    (401 West 125th St.)
  • Sydenham Hospital Clinic
    formerly the Commonwealth Building[14]
    (215 West 125th St.)

Notable occupants

References

Notes

  1. Morris, Gouverneur, De Witt, Simeon, and Rutherford, John [sic] (March 1811) "Remarks Of The Commissioners For Laying Out Streets And Roads In The City Of New York, Under The Act Of April 3, 1807", Cornell University Library. Accessed June 27, 2016. "These streets are all sixty feet wide except fifteen, which are one hundred feet wide, viz.: Numbers fourteen, twenty-three, thirty-four, forty-two, fifty-seven, seventy-two, seventy-nine, eighty-six, ninety-six, one hundred and six, one hundred and sixteen, one hundred and twenty-five, one hundred and thirty-five, one hundred and forty-five, and one hundred and fifty-five--the block or space between them being in general about two hundred feet."
  2. "Harlem Street Renamed" The New York Times (June 27, 1920)
  3. "New York City Economic Development Corporation (NYCEDC) 125th Street Project". Archived from the original on 2007-05-29. Retrieved 2008-08-18.
  4. Kaminer, Ariel (March 19, 2011). "Preparing for the Day the Earth Moves in the City". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
  5. Lee, Denny (May 12, 2002). "California, Here We Come: Scientists Warn of Earthquakes Here". The New York Times. Retrieved September 29, 2015.
  6. "Small Earthquakes Strike New York City" Duke Geological Laboratory website
  7. Shahid, Aliyah (March 17, 2011). "NYC due to be hit by killer quake?". New York Daily News. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
  8. Guide to Civil Engineering Projects In and Around New York City (2nd ed.). Metropolitan Section, American Society of Civil Engineers. 2009. pp. 90–91.
  9. "Subway Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 21, 2019. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
  10. "Manhattan Bus Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 2019. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  11. "MTA Neighborhood Maps: neighborhood". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  12. "Second Avenue Subway Station Entrances Community Board 11" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. June 3, 2003. Retrieved January 8, 2017.
  13. Dunlap, David W. (2004). From Abyssinian to Zion: A Guide to Manhattan's Houses of Worship. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-12543-7., p.292
  14. White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot & Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 529. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.
  15. CurbedNY
  16. Frractenberg, Ben. "Bill Clinton Renews Lease on Harlem Office Space" Archived 2010-12-13 at the Wayback Machine DNAinfo (November 8, 2010)
  17. Leonard, Tom. "Harlem's identity under threat from developers", The Telegraph, March 16, 2008. Accessed April 8, 2008. "Harlem has seen rapid gentrification since the late 1990s and 125th Street - included last year in a list of America's 10 greatest streets - is now home to Bill Clinton's office."
  18. The Velvet Underground, "I'm Waiting for the Man", The Velvet Underground & Nico, Verve, 1967.


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