1861 in Australia

Decades:	1840s; 1850s; 1860s; 1870s; 1880s;
See also:	Other events of 1861; Timeline of Australian history;

The following lists events that happened during 1861 in Australia.

Incumbents

Governors

Governors of the Australian colonies:

Governor of New South Wales – Sir William Denison, then John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar[1]
Governor of Queensland – Sir George Bowen[2]
Governor of South Australia – Sir Richard G. MacDonnell[3]
Governor of Tasmania – Sir Henry Young[4]
Governor of Victoria – Sir Henry Barkly[5]

Premiers

Premiers of the Australian colonies:

Premier of New South Wales – John Robertson, then Charles Cowper[6]
Premier of Queensland – Robert Herbert[7]
Premier of South Australia – Thomas Reynolds, then George Waterhouse[8]
Premier of Tasmania – William Weston, then Thomas Chapman[9]
Premier of Victoria – Richard Heales, then John O'Shanassy[10]

Events

13 May – The Great Comet of 1861 is discovered by John Tebbutt of Windsor, New South Wales.[11]
30 June – Lambing Flat riots of Lambing Flat (Young), New South Wales[12]
6 July – Robert Palin is hanged in Western Australia following the use of Ordinance 17 Victoria Number 7 to secure the capital punishment of a convict for a crime not normally punishable by death.[13]
8 July – The Geelong College is established by Reverend Alexander James Campbell in Newtown, Victoria.[14]
October – Robertson land acts passed by Parliament of New South Wales.[15]

Arts and literature

24 May – National Gallery of Victoria founded[16]

Sport

7 November – The first Melbourne Cup is held. It is won by Archer. (List of Melbourne Cup winners).[17]

Births

12 January – Jack Moses, outback bush poet (d. 1945)[18]
22 January – George Fuller, 22nd Premier of New South Wales (d. 1940)[19]
21 February – George Elmslie, 25th Premier of Victoria and first Labor Premier (d. 1918)[20]
10 March – John Longstaff, painter, war artist and five-time winner of the Archibald Prize (d. 1941)[21]
19 May – Nellie Melba, opera singer (d. 1931)[22]
11 June – Alexander Peacock, 20th Premier of Victoria (d. 1933)[23]
12 June – James Gardiner, Western Australian politician (d. 1928)[24]
13 June – Kate Dwyer, suffragist and labour activist (d. 1949)[25]
22 June – John Lemmone, flautist, composer and Nellie Melba's manager (d. 1949)[26]
2 August – Edith Cowan, the first Australian woman elected as a representative in an Australian parliament (d. 1932)[27]
14 September – Margaret Francis Ellen Baskerville, Victorian sculptor of public monuments (d. 1930)[28]
18 September – Dame Eadith Walker, philanthropist (d. 1937)[29]

Deaths

15 March – James Clow, Presbyterian minister and settler (b. 1790)[30]
28 June (estimated) – William John Wills (b. 1834) and Robert O'Hara Burke (b. 1821), explorers[31][32]
21 October – Hannibal Hawkins Macarthur, New South Wales politician and businessman (b. 1788)[33]

References

Ward, John M. "Young, Sir John (1807–1876)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
"Governors of Queensland - Government House Queensland". www.govhouse.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Manhood, C. C. "MacDonnell, Sir Richard Graves (1814–1881)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
"Previous Governors and Lieutenant-Governors of Tasmania". Government House Tasmania. 31 January 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
"Sir Henry Barkly | British colonial administrator". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Ward, John M. "Cowper, Sir Charles (1807–1875)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Moore, Tony (30 September 2017). "Queensland's first premier in 1859 was most likely gay". Brisbane Times. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Tregenza, Jean F. "Waterhouse, George Marsden (1824–1906)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
"Premiers of Tasmania". www.parliament.tas.gov.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Ingham, S. M. "O'Shanassy, Sir John (1818–1883)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
"Young man who saw stars". www.dailytelegraph.com.au. 12 May 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
"Lambing Flat Riots | Summary & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Erickson, Rica (1983). "The Unwanted". In Erickson, Rica (ed.). The Brand on His Coat: Biographies of some Western Australian Convicts. Nedlands, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. pp. 157–223. ISBN 0-85564-223-8.
"Municipality of Newtown, Victoria". Museums Victoria Collections. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Boucher, Leigh; Russell, Lynette (2015). Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria. ANU Press. p. 192. ISBN 9781925022353.
Edwards, Geoffrey Robert; Victoria, National Gallery of (1998). Art of Glass: Glass in the Collection of the National Gallery of Victoria. Macmillan Education AU. p. 11. ISBN 9780958574310.
"National Museum of Australia - Melbourne Cup". www.nma.gov.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Rutledge, Martha, "Moses, John (Jack) (1861–1945)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
Ward, John M. "Fuller, Sir George Warburton (1861–1940)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
Jones, Barry O., "Elmslie, George Alexander (1861–1918)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
Astbury, Leigh, "Longstaff, Sir John Campbell (1861–1941)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
Davidson, Jim, "Melba, Dame Nellie (1861–1931)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
Serle, Percival (1949). "Peacock, Sir Alexander James (1861–1933)". Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
"Gardiner, James (1861–1928)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
Gallego, Viva, "Dwyer, Catherine Winifred (Kate) (1861–1949)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
Colligan, Mimi, "Lemmone, John (1861–1949)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
"Edith Cowan". Royal Bank of Australia. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Scarlett, Ken, "Baskerville, Margaret Francis Ellen (1861–1930)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
MacCulloch, Jennifer, "Walker, Dame Eadith Campbell (1861–1937)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020
Bradshaw, F. Maxwell. "Clow, James (1790–1861)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
"William John Wills". monumentaustralia.org.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Fitzpatrick, Kathleen. "Burke, Robert O'Hara (1821–1861)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
Nairn, Bede. "Macarthur, Hannibal Hawkins (1788–1861)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

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[1] Ward, John M. "Young, Sir John (1807–1876)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[2] "Governors of Queensland - Government House Queensland". www.govhouse.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[3] Manhood, C. C. "MacDonnell, Sir Richard Graves (1814–1881)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[4] "Previous Governors and Lieutenant-Governors of Tasmania". Government House Tasmania. 31 January 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[5] "Sir Henry Barkly | British colonial administrator". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[6] Ward, John M. "Cowper, Sir Charles (1807–1875)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[7] Moore, Tony (30 September 2017). "Queensland's first premier in 1859 was most likely gay". Brisbane Times. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[8] Tregenza, Jean F. "Waterhouse, George Marsden (1824–1906)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[9] "Premiers of Tasmania". www.parliament.tas.gov.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[10] Ingham, S. M. "O'Shanassy, Sir John (1818–1883)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[11] "Young man who saw stars". www.dailytelegraph.com.au. 12 May 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[12] "Lambing Flat Riots | Summary & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[13] Erickson, Rica (1983). "The Unwanted". In Erickson, Rica (ed.). The Brand on His Coat: Biographies of some Western Australian Convicts. Nedlands, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. pp. 157–223. ISBN 0-85564-223-8.

[14] "Municipality of Newtown, Victoria". Museums Victoria Collections. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[15] Boucher, Leigh; Russell, Lynette (2015). Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria. ANU Press. p. 192. ISBN 9781925022353.

[16] Edwards, Geoffrey Robert; Victoria, National Gallery of (1998). Art of Glass: Glass in the Collection of the National Gallery of Victoria. Macmillan Education AU. p. 11. ISBN 9780958574310.

[17] "National Museum of Australia - Melbourne Cup". www.nma.gov.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[18] Rutledge, Martha, "Moses, John (Jack) (1861–1945)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[19] Ward, John M. "Fuller, Sir George Warburton (1861–1940)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 29 October 2020.

[20] Jones, Barry O., "Elmslie, George Alexander (1861–1918)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[21] Astbury, Leigh, "Longstaff, Sir John Campbell (1861–1941)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[22] Davidson, Jim, "Melba, Dame Nellie (1861–1931)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[23] Serle, Percival (1949). "Peacock, Sir Alexander James (1861–1933)". Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 30 October 2020.

[24] "Gardiner, James (1861–1928)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[25] Gallego, Viva, "Dwyer, Catherine Winifred (Kate) (1861–1949)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[26] Colligan, Mimi, "Lemmone, John (1861–1949)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[27] "Edith Cowan". Royal Bank of Australia. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[28] Scarlett, Ken, "Baskerville, Margaret Francis Ellen (1861–1930)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[29] MacCulloch, Jennifer, "Walker, Dame Eadith Campbell (1861–1937)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 29 October 2020

[30] Bradshaw, F. Maxwell. "Clow, James (1790–1861)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[31] "William John Wills". monumentaustralia.org.au. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[32] Fitzpatrick, Kathleen. "Burke, Robert O'Hara (1821–1861)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

[33] Nairn, Bede. "Macarthur, Hannibal Hawkins (1788–1861)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 March 2019.

Years in Australia (1788–present)
18th century	1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800
19th century	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Timeline of Australian history

1861 in Oceania
Sovereign states	Australia Federated States of Micronesia Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Nauru New Zealand Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu
Associated states of New Zealand	Cook Islands Niue