1977 Pacific hurricane season

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	May 26 – May 30
Peak intensity	65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min)  ≤997 mbar (hPa)

An area of disturbed weather first formed within a larger thunderstorm complex well south-southwest of Acapulco, Mexico, early on May 24. It moved northwest and slowly organized,[5] becoming a tropical depression by 00:00 UTC on May 26 and further intensifying into Tropical Storm Ava approximately twelve hours later.[6] The system remained over warm waters as it moved west and then north, allowing Ava to reach a peak intensity of 65 mph (100 km/h) early on May 28. A series of subsequent reconnaissance aircraft missions documented an incomplete eye in association with the storm, although this organization soon began to fade amidst increasing wind shear and cooler ocean temperatures.[5] Ava weakened to a tropical depression around 18:00 UTC on May 29 and dissipated less than 24 hours later.[6]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	June 25 – June 28
Peak intensity	40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min)

A tropical disturbance was first identified early on June 25 well southwest of Acapulco, Mexico.[5] It quickly organized into a tropical depression twelve hours later while moving west-northwest. After strengthening into Tropical Storm Bernice around 12:00 UTC on June 26,[6] the cyclone was restricted from further development by the entrainment of low-level clouds from the north.[5] Instead, Bernice transitioned into an extratropical cyclone early on June 28.[6]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Duration	July 3 – July 7
Peak intensity	90 mph (150 km/h) (1-min)

A tropical disturbance, embedded within a larger area of convective activity, formed early on July 1 while well south of Acapulco, Mexico. On a westward heading,[5] the disturbance coalesced into a tropical depression by 00:00 UTC on June 3 and strengthened into Tropical Storm Claudia six hours later.[6] Rapid development ensued thereafter as an eye became evident on satellite imagery,[5] and Claudia attained its peak intensity as a strong Category 1 hurricane with winds of 90 mph (150 km/h) early on July 4. Progression over colder waters caused the system to weaken below hurricane strength by 00:00 UTC on July 5,[6] coincident with the eye becoming obscured on satellite.[5] The cyclone was downgraded to a tropical depression around 00:00 UTC on July 7, and it ultimately dissipated six hours later.[6]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Duration	August 13 – August 18
Peak intensity	75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min)  979 mbar (hPa)

A tropical disturbance first formed early on August 11.[5] It drifted west and organized into a tropical depression around 00:00 UTC on August 13 before intensifying into Tropical Storm Doreen a little under a day later.[6] Data from a reconnaissance aircraft was used to upgrade the system to a Category 1 hurricane with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h) around 18:00 UTC on August 14;[6] this constituted the storm's peak strength. Doreen turned north-northwest thereafter, briefly drifting onshore the coastline of Baja California near San Carlos as a minimal hurricane.[5] It continued generally northwestward, weakening to a tropical storm around 06:00 UTC on August 16 before making a second landfall around Punta Eugenia, Baja California Sur six hours later.[6] Colder waters caused the system to fall to tropical depression intensity early on August 17 and dissipate around 00:00 UTC the next day while located just south of California.[5]

As Doreen moved parallel to the southwestern coastline of Mexico, it produced heavy rainfall there, with accumulations peaking at 14.80 inches (375.9 mm) near the Los Cabos Municipality.[7] Farther northwest, Mexicali, Baja California was particularly hard-hit, with more than 2,000 people left homeless after their shanty-style homes were demolished by the rain.[8] Despite dissipating as a tropical cyclone, the remnants of Doreen continued into the Southwest United States, resulting in maximum rainfall accumulations of 7.45 inches (189 mm) in the San Jacinto Mountains of California.[7] Approximately 325 homes and businesses throughout the desert Southwest were destroyed, and several roads were covered or washed out by floodwater across California and Arizona.[5] Throughout San Diego, California and nearby Imperial County, the storm accrued $25 million in crop damage.[8] Extensive damage to streets, washes, levees, and dikes occurred throughout the Mohave Valley, particularly in Bullhead City, Arizona, where more than 50 people were evacuated and over 12 homes and businesses were heavily damaged.[9] Strong thunderstorms, with winds reaching up to 60 mph (95 km/h), downed trees and caused intermittent power outages in Palm Springs, California.[10] Farther east in Las Vegas, Nevada, meanwhile, less than 2 inches (51 mm) of rain flooded major intersections and caused roofs to collapse. Throughout the region, eight people were reported dead.[8]

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	September 3 – September 4
Peak intensity	35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min)

On August 29, a tropical depression formed over the Gulf of Mexico and tracked slowly west. It quickly strengthened, becoming named as Anita 18 hours later, and reaching hurricane strength within 30 hours of formation. It eventually achieved Category 5 status before striking northern Mexico on September 2. The mountainous terrain of Mexico nearly caused Anita to dissipate;[11] however, its circulation survived the crossing and emerged over the Pacific on September 3 as a tropical depression. The system featured a 300 miles (485 km) wide area of convection and traveled west in response to a ridge over Baja California. The depression traversed Islas Marías and soon moved over cooler waters, prompting weakening. Lacking thermal support, the depression degenerated into a remnant low on September 3 off the southern tip of Baja California Sur.[5]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	September 13 – September 14
Peak intensity	40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min)

Emily first began as a disturbance early on September 12.[5] It moved west-northwest and developed into a tropical depression around 00:00 UTC on September 13.[6] Surface observations from nearby ships were used to upgrade the depression to a tropical storm twelve hours later. Despite persistent, deep convective activity, a trek over colder waters prevented Emily from further intensifying,[5] and the system instead transitioned into an extratropical cyclone around 12:00 UTC on September 14.[6]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
Duration	September 20 – September 24
Peak intensity	105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min)

The strongest cyclone of the 1977 season began as a tropical disturbance over the open eastern Pacific.[5] It developed into a tropical depression around 12:00 UTC on September 20 and strengthened into Tropical Storm Florence twelve hours later. The newly-formed system moved west-northwest until reaching hurricane strength by 00:00 UTC on September 22,[6] at which point Florence sharply curved toward the north-northeast. With a well-defined eye on satellite imagery,[5] the storm reached peak winds of 105 mph (165 km/h) around 18:00 UTC on September 22,[6] a Category 2 hurricane. Florence accelerated over increasingly cool ocean temperatures, causing it to weaken to a tropical storm early on September 23, weaken to a tropical depression early on September 24,[5] and transition to an extratropical cyclone by 12:00 UTC that day.[6]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	September 24 – September 27
Peak intensity	40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min)

Tropical Storm Glenda formed around 00:00 UTC on September 24 from a previously established area of disturbed weather well southwest of Acapulco.[5] The storm did not intensify beyond minimal tropical storm strength and instead fell to tropical depression strength around 00:00 UTC on September 25.[6] A north to northwestward forward motion brought the cyclone over progressively cooler waters,[5] and it transitioned to an extratropical cyclone by 06:00 UTC on September 27 while located near Punta Eugenia, Baja California Sur.[6]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Duration	October 4 – October 7
Peak intensity	85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min)  978 mbar (hPa)

The final named storm of the season began as a tropical disturbance late on October 3. It moved west-northwest,[5] organizing into a tropical depression around 00:00 UTC on October 4 and further intensifying into Tropical Storm Heather six hours thereafter.[6] A sprawling storm,[5] Heather reached hurricane strength early on October 5 and attained peak winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) by 12:00 UTC that day. A turn toward the north-northwest, however, brought the storm over increasingly cool waters, prompting a weakening trend. Heather fell to tropical storm strength late on October 6 and further to a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC as its low- and mid-level circulations became dislocated, marking an end to its time as a tropical cyclone.[5][6]

The remnants continued into Arizona, where measurable rainfall peaked at 8.30 in (211 mm), with unspecified reports of up to 14 inches (356 mm) in mountainous locales.[12] As a result, the Santa Cruz River near Tucson witnessed its highest discharge since at least 1892, and the San Pedo River saw its sixth-highest crest since 1913. At least 16,000 acres (6,500 hectares) of farmland were inundated, and about 90 homes were damaged mainly near Nogales, Arizona, though some property damage occurred throughout Amado, Green Valley, and Sahuarita as well. In addition, about 175 families were evacuated from Nogales; in the aftermath of the rains, residents were asked to conserve water after the city's wells were inundated with mud and rendered unusable.[13] Two bridges were destroyed while an additional twelve to fifteen were damaged, in addition to telephone lines and other utilities. Damage equated to about $14.6 million.[14]

Despite the season featuring the lowest number of tropical storms on record at the time, there were numerous tropical depressions that failed to intensify into named storms. The first two tropical depressions existed from May 25–30 and from May 30–June 1, both west of the Honduras–Nicaragua border. Tropical depressions Six and Seven occurred in quick succession from July 8–9 and July 9–10, respectively. Tropical Depression Eight occurred solely on July 25, while Tropical Depression Nine existed from August 1–2. Yet another cyclone existed from September 3–4, while the seventeenth and final unnamed system formed on October 22 and dissipated on the next day.[5]