2009 Greek legislative election

Early parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 4 October 2009.[1] Elections were not required until September 2011, but on 2 September 2009 Prime Minister Kostas Karamanlis of New Democracy announced that he would request President Karolos Papoulias dissolve Parliament and call elections.[2] Parliament was dissolved on 9 September.

2009 Greek legislative election

4 October 2009

All 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament
151 seats needed for a majority
Registered9,929,065 0.1%
Turnout7,044,606 (70.9%)
3.3 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader George Papandreou Kostas Karamanlis Aleka Papariga
Party PASOK ND KKE
Leader since 8 February 2004 21 March 1997 27 February 1991
Leader's seat Thessaloniki A Thessaloniki A Athens B
Last election 102 seats, 38.1% 152 seats, 41.8% 22 seats, 8.2%
Seats won 160 91 21
Seat change 58 61 1
Popular vote 3,012,542 2,295,719 517,249
Percentage 43.9% 33.5% 7.5%
Swing 5.8 pp 8.3 pp 0.7 pp

  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Georgios Karatzaferis Alexis Tsipras
Party LAOS SYRIZA
Leader since 14 September 2000 9 February 2008
Leader's seat Athens B Athens A
Last election 10 seats, 3.8% 14 seats, 5.0%
Seats won 15 13
Seat change 5 1
Popular vote 386,205 315,665
Percentage 5.6% 4.6%
Swing 1.8 pp 0.4 pp

Map of electoral districts, showing the largest party by share of votes. Darker shades indicate stronger vote share.

Prime Minister before election

Kostas Karamanlis
ND

Elected Prime Minister

George Papandreou
PASOK

The result was a victory for the opposition PASOK party led by George Papandreou, who became the new Prime Minister. New Democracy lost 61 of its 152 seats, with its vote share dropping by over 8 percentage points.

Voting was mandatory; however there are no sanctions or penalties for not voting.

Participating parties

A total of 23 parties participated in the elections. Six of them participated in only one or two parliamentary constituencies.

Opinion polls

  • According to Greek law, opinion polls may be published no later than a fortnight before election day; in this case until midnight, 18 September.
  • Most pollsters use samples between 1000 and 2000 people; they claim a margin of error of approximately ±2%.
  • Numbers below are percentages of opinion poll responders; final tally projections are shown in italics.
Source
(pollster/medium)
Date
(yy/mm/dd)
ND PASOK KKE SYRIZA LAOS EcoGreens Other, or undecided
Kappa Research
for To Vima
09-09-06 24.1 30.8 7.1 3 4.3 2.4 28.3
MRB for
Real News
09-09-06 27.3 33.3 6.9 3 6.2 2.1
RASS for
To Paron
09-09-06 29.5 35.2 7.1 3.3 6.1 3.9
Alco for
Proto Thema
09-09-06 27.9 34.2 7.1 3.2 5.0 2.0
MARC for
Ethnos
09-09-06 27.9 34.4 7.5 3.1 5.5 2.5 19.1
GPO for
Mega TV
09-09-07 26.5 32.0 6.8 3.6 6.2 2.3 22.6
MRB for
Real FM
09-09-08 27.7 33.1 7.1 3.4 5.5 1.4 21.8
Metron Analysis
for ANT1 TV
09-09-08 29.6 35.7 6.3 4 4.6 1.6 18.2
Public Issue for
Skai TV and Kathimerini
(final tally projection)
09-09-10 35.5 41 8.5 4 7 2 n/a
VPRC for
www.tvxs.gr
(final tally projection)
09-09-11 35.5 41 8 4 6 2.5 n/a
Metron Analysis
for ANT1 TV and Imerisia
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-12 30.1 / 35.2 36.6 / 42.7 6.9 / 8.1 3 / 3.5 4.9 / 5.7 2.6 / 3 15.9 / n/a
MARC for
Ethnos
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-13 28.9 / 35 35 / 40 7.6 / 9 3.2 / 4.5 5.9 / 6.5 1.7 / 2 17.7 / n/a
RASS for
To Paron
09-09-13 30.3 35.1 7.2 3.5 5.7 3.1 15.1
MRB for
Real News
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-13 30.1 / 35.1 35.2 / 41 7.2 / 8.4 3.2 / 3.7 5.7 / 6.6 2.1 / 2.6 16.5 / n/a
Alco for
Proto Thema
09-09-13 29.7 35.9 7 3.1 5 1.8 17.5
Pulse for
Apogevmatini
09-09-13 31.2 35.9 5.5 3.5 4 2.5 17.4
GPO for
Mega TV
09-09-14 29 34.9 6.5 3 5.9 2 18.7
Metron Analysis
for ANT1 TV
09-09-14 29.7 37.6 7.5 3.4 5.5 2 14.3
MRB for
Real FM
09-09-14 29.6 35.3 6.5 3.9 5 2.1 17.6
MARC for
Alpha TV
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-15 29.4 / 34.9 36.6 / 41.2 7.3 / 8.3 3.2 / 4.4 5.4 / 6.1 2 / 2.5 16.1 / n/a
VPRC for
www.tvxs.gr
(final tally projection)
09-09-15 34.5 42.5 8.5 4 5.5 2.5 n/a
MRB for
www.newstime.gr
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-16 29.7 / 35 35.9 / 42 7.4 / 8 3.5 / 4 5.5 / 6 2.5 / 2.5 15.3 / n/a
Public Issue for
Skai TV and Kathimerini
(final tally projection)
09-09-17 35.5 41.5 8.5 4 6 2 n/a
Kappa Research
for To Vima
09-09-18 27.6 34.4 7.3 3.5 5.1 2.5 19.6
MARC for
Ethnos
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-18 29.2 / 34.9 36.7 / 41.6 7.4 / 8.4 3.4 / 4.2 5.7 / 6.3 1.6 / 2.2 16 / n/a
Alco for
Alter TV
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-18 31 / 35 38.5 / 43 6.7 / 8.4 3.3 / 3.8 5.5 / 6.3 1.5 / 2 13.5 / n/a
GPO for
Mega TV
09-09-18 30.2 36.2 7.2 3 6.4 1.9 15.1
Metron Analysis
for ANT1 TV
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-18 30.8 / 35.6 37.7 / 43.5 6.6 / 7.6 3.3 / 3.8 4.9 / 5.6 2.2 / 2.5 14.5 / n/a
MARC for
Alpha TV
(vote intent / final tally projection)
09-09-18 29.5 / 34.8 37.2 / 42.3 7.2 / 8.2 3.2 / 4.1 5.3 / 6.2 1.7 / 2.3 15.9 / n/a

Although pollsters were actively polling until 2 October their findings were no longer made public within Greece, in accordance with the electoral law.
The next set of published predictions were the election day exit polls, announced starting at 7 PM, 4 October.

Seats in Parliament

The electoral law for this election specifies that:

  • A party or a coalition of parties elects MPs only if its nationwide tally exceeds 3% of the total valid vote
  • 260 of 300 total seats are apportioned proportionally
  • The first-past-the post party or coalition receives a 40-seat bonus

Some pollsters are extrapolating election tallies based on their findings, and have publicized their final predictions on how many parliamentary seats each party will win:

Source
(pollster/medium)
Date
(yy/mm/dd)
ND PASOK KKE SYRIZA LAOS EcoGreens Other
Public Issue for
Skai TV and Kathimerini
09-09-17 97 153 23 11 16 0 0
Alco for
Alter TV
09-09-18 94 158 21 11 16 0 0
Metron Analysis
for ANT1 TV
09-09-18 96 158 21 10 15 0 0
MARC for
Alpha TV
09-09-18 95 155 22 11 17 0 0

According to the constitutional principle of the dedēlōménē, a party or a coalition needs a parliamentary majority of 151 total seats in order to form a government. In the eventuality that no party or coalition are able to secure 151 seats, another election will be called. For this occasion the electoral law specifies that the leading party will receive a 50-seat bonus.

Events before the election

  • September 11, 2009: "Ecologists Greece" announced their electoral alliance with the Popular Orthodox Rally (LAOS)[3]
  • September 16, 2009: A total of 28 parties submitted candidate lists to the Areios Pagos. The court will vet the candidacies' legal standing and officially declare lawful candidates within about a week. In past elections, some candidacies were rejected because the candidates had held certain public offices which they had not resigned in a timely fashion.
  • September 21, 2009: NET state television, in simulcast with major commercial TV stations, broadcast the debate among the leaders of ND, PASOK, KKE, SYRIZA, LAOS, and the Ecologist Greens. The party leaders questioned by a team of journalists from the TV stations participating in the simulcast. Questions and responses were rotated and timed. Each party leader was allowed to place one question to one other party leader of their choice directly.
  • September 21, 2009: The Areios Pagos announced the parties participating in the elections. 5 of the 28 applications were rejected; namely: "Ecologists Greece – Konstantinos Papanikolas – Political Catharsis", "Hellenic Direct Democracy Movement" (Ελληνικό Κίνημα Άμεσης Δημοκρατίας - Giorgos Kokkas), "New Greek Republic" (Νέα Ελληνική Δημοκρατία - N. Laskos), "Where are you, Papadopoulos? – Party of Greek Aliens – Terrorise the Terrorists" (Πού είσαι Παπαδόπουλε – Κόμμα Ελλήνων Αλλοδαπών – Τρομοκρατήστε τους Τρομοκράτες), "Future of the Greeks - Servants of the Greek People" (Μέλλον των Ελλήνων – Υπηρέτες του Ελληνικού Λαού - N. Skopelitis).
  • September 22, 2009: The two likely Prime Ministers, Kostas Karamanlis and George Papandreou, debated for 75 minutes. The debate was divided in 5 sections (the economy, education, administration, the environment, and foreign policy). Both leaders had 2 sessions of 3 minutes and 1 session of 1 minute. The moderator had 1 minute to introduce the subject. The debate was moderated by journalist Maria Houkli, and was simulcast as per the multi-party debate above.
  • October 3, 2009: It was announced that seven pollsters pooled their resources to conduct a joint exit poll, which was broadcast by all TV and news stations at 7 PM, the time when voting officially ended. The pollsters procured approximately 14,000 randomised responses and were aiming for a ±1.5% margin of error in their earliest predictions. Singular Logic, the IT contractor for the Ministry of Interior, implemented a secure system to obtain initial tallies from approximately 4,000 voting stations by SMS. They were thus able to project final results within ±0.2% by 9 PM and within ±0.1% by midnight.
  • October 3, 2009: Publicised odds by international bookmakers were roughly in agreement with the latest predictions as outlined in the tables above. Sports betting is the only form of betting allowed in Greece.
  • October 4, 2009: Voting commenced at 7 AM and was completed at 7 PM, in 20,937 stations throughout the country. Turnout was estimated at slightly more than 7 million.

Exit polls and projections

The initial results of the exit poll conducted jointly by pollsters Alco, GPO, MARC, Metron Analysis, MRB, Opinion, and RASS were made public at 7 PM Eastern European DST:

Joint exit poll October 4, 2009 ND PASOK KKE SYRIZA LAOS EcoGreens Others
Vote percentage 7 PM 34.3-37.3 41.0-44.0 7.3-8.3 3.9-4.9 5.0-6.0 2.0-3.0 -
Seats in Parliament 7 PM 94-100 151-159 20-22 11-13 14-16 0 -

The revised results of the exit poll conducted jointly by pollsters Alco, GPO, MARC, Metron Analysis, MRB, Opinion, and RASS were made public at 8:50 PM Eastern European DST. The margin of error claimed is less than 0.5%:

Joint exit poll October 4, 2009 ND PASOK KKE SYRIZA LAOS EcoGreens Others
Vote percentage 8:50 PM 33.9 43.8 7.6 4.5 5.6 2.5 -
Seats in Parliament 8:50 PM 92 160 21 12 15 0 -

The statistical projections by Singular Logic and the Ministry of Interior, based on actual returns, were made public at 9 PM Eastern European DST. The margin of error claimed is 0.3%:

Statistical projection October 4, 2009 ND PASOK KKE SYRIZA LAOS EcoGreens Others
Vote percentage 9 PM 33.8 43.8 7.6 4.5 5.6 2.5 2.2
Seats in Parliament 9 PM 92 160 21 12 15 0 -

Results

Summary of the 4 October 2009 Hellenic Parliament election results
Party Vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) 3,012,54243.925.82 16058
New Democracy (ND) 2,295,71933.478.37 9161
Communist Party of Greece (KKE) 517,2497.540.61 211
Popular Orthodox Rally (LAOS) 386,2055.631.83 155
Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA) 315,6654.600.44 131
Ecologist Greens (OP) 173,5892.531.48 0±0
Democratic Revival (DA) 30,7840.450.35 0±0
Front of the Greek Anticapitalist Left (ANTARSYA) 24,6870.36New 0±0
Greek Ecologists (EI) 19,9930.290.27 0±0
Popular Association-Golden Dawn (ΧΑ) 19,6240.29New 0±0
Union of Centrists (EK) 18,2960.270.02 0±0
Society-Political Party of the Successors of Kapodistrias (Koinonia) 10,6900.16New 0±0
Communist Party of Greece (Marxist–Leninist) (KKE (m-l) 10,4800.150.10 0±0
Democrats (Dimokratikoi) 7,6000.11New 0±0
Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Greece (M-L KKE) 5,2190.080.03 0±0
Workers' Revolutionary Party (EEK) 4,5370.070.03 0±0
Organisation for the Reconstruction of the KKE (OAKKE) 1,6650.020.01 0±0
Panagrarian Labour Movement of Greece (PAEKE) 1,3750.02New 0±0
Smoking Groups for Art and Artistic Creation (KOTES) 1,3550.02New 0±0
Light-Truth-Justice (FAD) 8710.01±0.00 0±0
Friends of Man (FTA) 40.00New 0±0
Regional Urban Development (PAA) 40.00±0.00 0±0
Old Republic (PD) 30.00New 0±0
Independent candidates 2650.00±0.00 0±0
Total 6,858,421100.00 300±0
Valid votes 6,858,42197.360.03
Invalid ballots 142,9162.030.01
Blank ballots 43,2690.610.03
Votes cast / turnout 7,044,60670.953.20
Abstentions 2,884,45929.053.20
Registered voters 9,929,065
Source: Ministry of Interior
Vote share
PASOK
43.92%
ND
33.47%
KKE
7.54%
LAOS
5.63%
SYRIZA
4.60%
OP
2.53%
Others
2.31%
Parliamentary seats
PASOK
53.33%
ND
30.33%
KKE
7.00%
LAOS
5.00%
SYRIZA
4.33%

Results by region

RegionPASOK
(%)
ND
(%)
KKE
(%)
LAOS
(%)
SYRIZA
(%)
Achaea52.6528.996.603.643.89
Aetolia-Akarnania49.4535.736.233.032.82
Argolida42.2742.554.484.163.15
Arkadia46.4636.545.134.793.76
Arta45.1438.996.042.584.67
Athens A35.5231.759.557.597.98
Athens B40.2326.6210.847.287.40
Attica43.1229.468.238.234.94
Boeotia47.3531.087.306.173.90
Cephalonia41.8333.0412.254.673.73
Chalkidiki41.0240.475.005.474.05
Chania51.1129.735.983.644.37
Chios49.8133.945.383.553.37
Corfu43.3632.8311.963.544.29
Corinthia46.8036.034.005.283.77
Dodecanese54.9330.743.964.122.71
Drama41.6341.263.826.333.26
Elis54.6432.754.323.082.57
Euboea48.1931.086.726.013.90
Evros44.7440.333.765.922.09
Evrytania51.2037.563.242.972.27
Florina44.0241.634.623.542.95
Grevena46.9136.647.313.562.60
Imathia43.3137.016.916.163.16
Ioannina43.9436.127.513.504.90
Heraklion62.7423.704.442.103.71
Karditsa43.3139.837.504.022.88
Kastoria34.6050.034.004.463.76
Kavala42.4137.386.006.014.06
Kilkis40.8539.937.266.392.49
Kozani44.0839.715.763.663.29
Laconia36.4747.264.805.592.84
Larissa40.8136.189.465.693.98
Lasithi59.3727.513.472.193.84
Lefkada41.6637.0110.422.375.16
Lemnos42.1931.0614.104.034.43
Magnesia40.3935.558.795.824.66
Messenia39.0643.265.745.073.62
Naxos44.8936.035.104.194.64
Pella43.0441.484.365.512.52
Phocis40.2239.736.925.243.58
Phthiotis43.8540.354.924.662.82
Pieria41.3742.275.295.342.81
Piraeus A38.8832.978.117.565.83
Piraeus B44.3423.0612.887.585.69
Preveza42.9838.898.043.093.88
Rethymno57.9127.413.753.103.90
Rhodope53.0834.522.483.614.27
Samos38.3429.7218.053.975.13
Serres37.1046.775.025.362.52
Thesprotia48.7536.614.603.063.47
Thessaloniki A39.1130.309.538.265.77
Thessaloniki B38.2337.627.577.484.08
Trikala45.1437.638.223.802.54
Xanthi58.7926.212.754.414.56
Zakynthos47.5529.7311.183.644.23

Post-election events

Former Prime Minister, Kostas Karamanlis and George Papandreou in the ceremony for the official handover at the Maximos Mansion.
  • October 4, 2009: Incumbent Prime Minister and New Democracy party leader Kostas Karamanlis conceded defeat and stated that he is resigning his offices, and will not stand as candidate at the party convention summoned to elect his successor next month.[4][5] The 33.5% tally marks a historic low for the party since its founding in 1974.[6][7]
  • October 5, 2009: The Speaker of the outgoing Parliament notified the President of the Republic about the election returns. Immediately afterwards incumbent Prime Minister Kostas Karamanlis tended his resignation to the President.[8] Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) leader George Papandreou was then summoned by the President and given a mandate to form a Cabinet as the Prime Minister-designate.[9] PASOK Member of the European Parliament Stavros Lambrinidis said the result was "remarkable".[8]
  • October 6, 2009: George Papandreou was sworn in as Prime Minister at 11 AM, and moved into the Máximos Mansion, the Prime Ministerial office. The names of the new ministers were announced at 7 PM.[10][11] It became known that George Papandreou had offered the EcoGreens one of the two positions of Undersecretary for the Environment, but the offer was turned down.
  • October 7, 2009: The new Cabinet was sworn in at 11 AM. The New Democracy party congress is to convene and elect its new leader at November 7, 2009.

References

  1. "Greeks to vote on 4 October". RFI. 2009-09-03. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
  2. "Greece's PM calls snap election". BBC.com. 2009-09-02. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
  3. Συστράτευση Οικολόγων Ελλάδος- ΛΑΟΣ (in Greek). ert.gr. 2009-09-11. Archived from the original on September 14, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-17.
  4. Paul Anast (2009-10-05). "Greece's opposition Socialists resoundingly win snap election". London: telegraph.co.uk. paragraph 2. Retrieved 5 October 2009. I am beginning the procedures for an extraordinary congress to elect a new leader...
  5. ELENA BECATOROS. "Socialists trounce conservatives in Greek election". Yahoo! News. paragraph 2. Archived from the original on October 6, 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
  6. ELENA BECATOROS. "Socialists trounce conservatives in Greek election". Yahoo! News. paragraph 2. Archived from the original on October 6, 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009. Humbled by his New Democracy party's worst electoral performance ever
  7. Paul Anast (2009-10-05). "Greece's opposition Socialists resoundingly win snap election". London: telegraph.co.uk. paragraph 4. Retrieved 5 October 2009. The results were the worst for the governing conservative New Democracy party in 30 years.
  8. "RFI - Socialists hail perfect storm of support, as Papandreou takes over". Rfi.fr. Retrieved 2012-05-13.
  9. "Greece's Socialists win snap poll". BBC News. 2009-10-05. Retrieved 2009-10-06.
  10. "Στον Πρόεδρο για την εντολή σχηματισμού κυβέρνησης ο Γ.Παπανδρέου - George Papandreou visits the President to receive a mandate to form a Cabinet" (in Greek). in.gr. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
  11. Smith, Helena (2009-10-06). "Papandreou looks to Greek diaspora as he forms new cabinet". Guardian. London. Retrieved 2009-10-06.

Further reading

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