4th Canadian Division

The 4th Canadian Division is a formation of the Canadian Army. The division was first created as a formation of the Canadian Corps during the First World War. During the Second World War the division was reactivated as the 4th Canadian Infantry Division in 1941 and then converted to armour and redesignated as the 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division.[3] Beginning in 1916 the division adopted a distinctive green-coloured formation patch as its insignia. In 2013 it was announced that Land Force Central Area would be redesignated 4th Canadian Division.[4] It is currently responsible for Canadian Army operations in the Canadian province of Ontario and is headquartered at Denison Armoury in Toronto.[5]

4th Canadian Division
4th Canadian Infantry Division
4th Canadian (Armoured) Division
4th Canadian Division formation patch
Active1916–1919
1940–1946
2013–present
Country Canada
Allegiance Queen Elizabeth II[1][2]
Branch Canadian Expeditionary Force
Land Force Command
Canadian Army
TypeInfantry
Armoured
SizeDivision
EngagementsBattle of Normandy
Battle of the Scheldt
Commanders
Notable
commanders		David Watson
George Kitching
Chris Vokes

First World War

The 4th Canadian Division was formed in Britain in April 1916 from several existing units and others scheduled to arrive shortly thereafter. Under the command of Major-General David Watson, the Division embarked for France in August of that year where they served both in the Western Front in France and in Flanders until Armistice Day. The 4th Canadian Division was a part of the Canadian Corps in the Battle of Vimy Ridge, which attacked and defeated the Germans, driving them from the ridge. As a result, the Canadians became known as masters of offensive warfare and an elite fighting force.[6]

In the Battle of Vimy Ridge in April 1917, the 4th Canadian Division was given the job of capturing Hill 145, the highest and most important feature of Vimy Ridge. However, when they attempted to capture the hill, they were hampered by fire from the "Pimple", which was the other prominent height at Vimy Ridge. To capture Hill 145, forces which were supposed to attack the Pimple were redeployed and captured Hill 145.

Infantry units

10th Canadian Brigade:

11th Canadian Brigade:

12th Canadian Brigade:

Pioneers:

Battles and Engagements on the Western Front

1916:

1917:

1918:

4th Canadian (Armoured) Division

The 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division was created during World War II by the conversion of the 4th Canadian Infantry Division at the beginning of 1942 in Canada. The division proceeded overseas in 1942, with its two main convoys reaching the United Kingdom in August and October.

The division spent almost two years training in the United Kingdom before crossing to Normandy in July 1944. In the United Kingdom, it participated in war games together with the Polish 1st Armoured Division, and later fought in France, the Low Countries, and Germany; both divisions followed very close paths. The division participated in the later stages of the Battle of Normandy at the Falaise Pocket, the advance from Normandy and spent almost two months engaged at the Breskens Pocket as well as Operation Pheasant. It wintered in the Netherlands and took part in the final advance across northern Germany.

Formation

1944–1945

4th Canadian Armoured Brigade
Formation sign used to identify vehicles of the 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division.
10th Canadian Infantry Brigade
Other units

Commanding officers
DateGeneral officer commanding[8]
10 June 1941 – 24 December 1941Major General L.F. Page, DSO
2 February 1942 – 29 February 1944Major General F.F. Worthington, CB, MC, MM
1 March 1944 – 21 August 1944Major General George Kitching, DSO
22 August 1944 – 30 November 1944Major General Harry W. Foster, CBE, DSO
1 December 1944 – 5 June 1945Major General Chris Vokes, CBE, DSO

David Vivian Currie VC

David Vivian Currie VC was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions in command of a battle group of tanks from The South Alberta Regiment, artillery, and infantry of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada at St. Lambert-sur-Dives, during the final actions to close the Falaise Gap. This was the only Victoria Cross awarded to a Canadian soldier during the Normandy campaign (from 6 June 1944 to the end of August 1944), and the only VC ever awarded to a member of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps.

The then 32-year-old Currie was a Major in The South Alberta Regiment. During the Battle of Falaise, Normandy, between 18–20 August 1944, Currie was in command of a small mixed force of tanks, self-propelled anti-tank guns and infantry which had been ordered to cut off one of the Germans' main escape routes.

After Currie led the attack on the village of St. Lambert-sur-Dives and consolidated a position halfway inside it, he repulsed repeated enemy attacks over the next day and a half. Despite heavy casualties, Major Currie's command destroyed seven enemy tanks, twelve 88 mm guns and 40 vehicles, which led to the deaths of 300 German soldiers, 500 wounded and 1,100 captured. The remnants of two German armies were denied an escape route.

  • Members of the 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division demonstrating the use of flame throwers across a canal, Maldegem, October 1944.
  • Armoured cars in the Belgian-Dutch border town of Putte – 11 October 1944
  • Major David V. Curry (with pistol), accepting the surrender of German troops at St. Lambert-sur-Dives, France, 19 August 1944. This photo captures the actions that led to him being awarded the Victoria Cross
  • Canadians enter Bergen-op-Zoom, early November 1944
  • War Memorial in Moerbrugge
  • Plaque on the World War II Memorial in Moerbrugge

Land Force Central Area and 2013 reactivation

The LFCA was created on 1 September 1991, taking command of what was previously Central Militia Area and the Regular Force Army units and formations in Ontario from the northern Lakehead region to the border with Quebec. At that point in time, the six subordinate militia districts were reorganized into four: Northern Ontario District, London District, Toronto District, and Ottawa District each one garrisoned by a brigade of militia troops and a small number of regular support staff.[9] Later that decade, in 1997, the four reserve force districts were again reorganized into three brigade groups.

At the time of its creation in the early-1990s, it was housed on the grounds of the former base and subsequently moved ca 1993 to the Place Nouveau office tower at Yonge Street north of Finch Avenue; this was controversial as the offices of the area commander, Major-General Brian Vernon, were lavishly renovated, attracting political criticism and attention from the Auditor General of Canada.

In 2013, the LFCA was renamed the "4th Canadian Division". With this change of name, the formation was also granted the identifying patch and historical lineage of the division that fought in the two world wars.[10]

Present day organization
Main article: Structure of the Canadian Army
4th Canadian Division organization in 2020

The division is headquartered in Toronto and covers the province of Ontario.


3rd Canadian Ranger Patrol Group
3rd Canadian Ranger Patrol GroupCFB Borden
3 Canadian Ranger Patrol Group HeadquartersRegular Support StaffBorden, Ontario
The Attawapiskat Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersAttawapiskat, Ontario
The Bearskin Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersBearskin Lake, Ontario
The Constance Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersConstance Lake, Ontario
The Eabametoong Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersFort Hope, Ontario
The Fort Albany Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersFort Albany, Ontario
The Fort Severn Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersFort Severn, Ontario
The Kasabonika Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersKasabonika Lake, Ontario
The Kashechewan Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersKashechewan, Ontario
The Kingfisher Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersKingfisher Lake, Ontario
The Kitchenuhmaykoosib Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersBig Trout Lake, Ontario
The Lac Seul Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersLac Seul, Ontario
The Mishkeegogamang Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersMishkeegogamang, Ontario
The Moose Factory Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersMoose Factory, Ontario
The Muskrat Dam Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersMuskrat Dam, Ontario
The Neskantaga Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersNeskantaga, Ontario
The Peawanuck Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersPeawanuck, Ontario
The Sachigo Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersSachigo Lake, Ontario
The Sandy Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersSandy Lake, Ontario
The North Caribou Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersNorth Caribou Lake, Ontario
The Wapekeka Detachment of the Kitchenuhmaykoosib Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersWapekeka, Ontario
The Webequie Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersWebequie, Ontario
The Wunnumin Lake Detachment of the Kingfisher Lake Canadian Ranger PatrolCanadian RangersWunnumin Lake, Ontario

Abbreviations

Commanders
  • Brigadier-General Jocelyn Paul, MSC, CD, – 2018 – present
  • Brigadier-General Stephen Cadden CD, – 2016–2018
  • Brigadier-General Lowell Thomas, CD, – 2014–2016
  • Brigadier-General Omer Lavoie – 2012–2014
  • Brigadier-General Fred Lewis, MSM, CD – 2010–2012
  • Brigadier-General Jean-Claude Collin, OMM, CD – 2008–2010
  • Brigadier-General John Howard, MSM, CD – 2007–2008
  • Brigadier-General Guy Thibault, CD – 2005–2007
  • Brigadier-General Greg Young CD – 2005
  • Brigadier-General Marc Lessard, CD – 2003–2005
  • Brigadier-General Andrew Leslie, OMM, MSM, CD – 2002–2003
  • Brigadier-General Michel Gauthier CD – 2000–2002
  • Colonel Chris Corrigan, CD 1999–2000
  • Brigadier-General Walter Holmes, MBE, MSM, CD – 1998–99
  • Major-General Bryan Stephenson, CD – 1995–1998
  • Major-General Brian Vernon, CD – 1993–1995
  • Major-General Lewis MacKenzie, CD – 1992–1993
  • Major-General Nicholas Hall, CD – 1991–1993

See also

References
  1. Department of Canadian Heritage (27 September 2015). "The Queen of Canada". The Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  2. Department of Canadian Heritage, Government of Canada (2 October 2014). "The Royal Family". The Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  3. "www.canadiansoldiers.com". canadiansoldiers.com.
  4. M.Dorosh (24 July 2013). "CSC: Clarification on the Canadian Army's Historic Insignia Announcement". canadiansoldierscom.blogspot.ca.
  5. Official LFCA-JTFC Web Site
  6. Honey, K., (9 April 2002). A once-proud history, slipping away. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved on: 2 September 2008.
  7. "Juno Beach Centre – First Canadian Army, 8 May 1945". Junobeach.org. 8 May 1945. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  8. "4th Canadian (Armoured) Division". Canadian Soldier. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  9. "Domestic Military Organization 1900–1999". Canadian Soldiers.com. 22 February 2013.
  10. "Restoring the Canadian Army's historical identity". Department of National Defence. Archived from the original on 14 July 2013. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
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