Baselines of the Philippines

The baselines of the Philippines (Filipino: mga batayang-guhit ng Pilipinas) are the set of geodesic lines completely encircling the Philippine archipelago from where the maritime entitlements of the country are measured from. It was first established in 1961[1] by an act of the Congress of the Philippines which was further amended in April 2009 to optimize and conform it to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which the Philippines is a signatory to. A total of 101 basepoints providing for 100 baselines were identified under Republic Act No. 9522, which identified Amianan Island as the northernmost, Frances Reef as the southernmost, Pusan Point as its easternmost and the Balabac Great Reef as the westernmost points of the main Philippine archipelago.[2]

Territorial map of the Philippines

Background

The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,100 islands customarily enclosed by the lines demarcated by the Treaty of Paris in 1898 and the Convention Between the United States and Great Britain in 1930, which came to be known in the Philippines as its International Treaty Limits.[3] The government of the Philippines has maintained its position that the waters enclosed by the demarcation lines in the said treaties form part of its territorial waters regardless of its breadth and dimension.[4]

Baselines

The geographic coordinates below are referenced to the World Geodetic System 1984.[5]

Basepoint
number		 Station name Location Province Latitude (N) Longitude (E) Distance to next
basepoint
nmi km mi
1 PAB-01 Amianan Island Batanes 21° 6′ 57.73″ 121° 57′ 27.71″ 70.03 129.70 80.59
2 PAB-02 Balintang Island Cagayan 19° 57′ 38.19″ 122° 9′ 46.32″ 99.17 183.66 114.12
3 PAB-04 Iligan Point Cagayan 18° 18′ 35.30″ 122° 20′ 19.07″ 71.83 133.03 82.66
4 PAB-05A Ditolong Point Isabela 17° 7′ 16.30″ 122° 31′ 28.34″ 1.05 1.94 1.21
5 PAB-05B Ditolong Point Isabela 17° 6′ 14.79″ 122° 31′ 43.84″ 0.39 0.72 0.45
6 PAB-05 Ditolong Point Isabela 17° 5′ 51.31″ 122° 31′ 42.66″ 3.29 6.09 3.79
7 PAB-06 Spires Island Isabela 17° 2′ 36.91″ 122° 31′ 3.28″ 9.74 18.04 11.21
8 PAB-06B Digollorin Point Isabela 16° 53′ 18.03″ 122° 27′ 56.61″ 3.51 6.50 4.04
9 PAB-06C Digollorin Rock Isabela 16° 49′ 56.11″ 122° 26′ 50.78″ 2.40 4.44 2.76
10 PAB-07 Diviuisa Point Isabela 16° 47′ 38.86″ 122° 26′ 4.40″ 30.94 57.30 35.61
11 PAB-08 Dijohan Point Aurora 16° 18′ 44.33″ 122° 14′ 16.69″ 116.26 215.31 133.79
12 PAB-10A Tinaga Island Camarines Norte 14° 29′ 54.43″ 122° 57′ 51.15″ 80.29 148.70 92.40
13 PAB-11 Horodaba Rock Catanduanes 14° 6′ 29.91″ 124° 16′ 59.21″ 0.54 1.00 0.62
14 PAB-12 Matulin Rock Catanduanes 14° 6′ 10.40″ 124° 17′ 26.28″ 96.04 177.87 110.52
15 PAB-13 Atalaya Point Northern Samar 12° 41′ 6.37″ 125° 3′ 53.71″ 6.79 12.58 7.81
16 PAB-13A Bacan Island Northern Samar 12° 36′ 18.41″ 125° 8′ 50.19″ 5.52 10.22 6.35
17 PAB-14 Finch Rock Northern Samar 12° 32′ 33.62″ 125° 12′ 59.70″ 0.80 1.48 0.92
18 PAB-14A Cube Rock Northern Samar 12° 31′ 57.45″ 125° 13′ 32.37″ 4.90 9.07 5.64
19 PAB-14D NW Manjud Point Northern Samar 12° 28′ 36.42″ 125° 17′ 12.32″ 1.30 2.41 1.50
20 PAB-15 SE Manjud Point Northern Samar 12° 27′ 37.51″ 125° 18′ 5.23″ 7.69 14.24 8.85
21 PAB-16A E Sora Cay Northern Samar 12° 21′ 41.64″ 125° 23′ 7.41″ 5.68 10.52 6.54
22 PAB-16B Panablijon Eastern Samar 12° 17′ 27.17″ 125° 27′ 0.12″ 5.21 9.65 6.00
23 PAB-16C Alugon Eastern Samar 12° 13′ 21.95″ 125° 30′ 19.47″ 1.94 3.59 2.23
24 PAB-16D N Bunga Point Eastern Samar 12° 11′ 48.16″ 125° 31′ 30.88″ 0.54 1.00 0.62
25 PAB-17A E Bunga Point Eastern Samar 12° 11′ 20.67″ 125° 31′ 48.29″ 5.71 10.57 6.57
26 PAB-18A SE Tubabao Island Eastern Samar 12° 6′ 7.00″ 125° 34′ 11.94″ 83.84 155.27 96.48
27 PAB-19C Suluan Island Eastern Samar 10° 45′ 16.70″ 125° 58′ 8.78″ 56.28 104.23 64.77
28 PAB-19D N Tuason Point Surigao del Norte 9° 49′ 59.58″ 126° 10′ 6.39″ 57.44 106.38 66.10
29 PAB-20A Arangasa Island Surigao del Sur 8° 53′ 16.62″ 126° 20′ 48.81″ 40.69 75.36 46.83
30 PAB-21B Sanco Point Surigao del Sur 8° 13′ 11.53″ 126° 28′ 53.25″ 30.80 57.04 35.44
31 PAB-22 Bagoso Island Davao Oriental 7° 42′ 45.02″ 126° 34′ 29.03″ 12.95 23.98 14.90
32 PAB-22C Languyan Davao Oriental 7° 29′ 49.47″ 126° 35′ 59.24″ 0.54 1.00 0.62
33 PAB-23 Languyan Davao Oriental 7° 29′ 16.93″ 126° 35′ 59.50″ 0.76 1.41 0.87
34 PAB-23B Languyan Davao Oriental 7° 28′ 30.97″ 126° 35′ 57.30″ 1.02 1.89 1.17
35 PAB-23C N Baculin Point Davao Oriental 7° 27′ 29.42″ 126° 35′ 51.71″ 10.12 18.74 11.65
36 PAB-24 Pusan Point Davao Oriental 7° 17′ 19.80″ 126° 36′ 18.16″ 1.14 2.11 1.31
37 PAB-24A S Pusan Point Davao Oriental 7° 16′ 14.43″ 126° 35′ 57.20″ 63.28 117.19 72.82
38 PAB-25B Cape San Agustin Davao Oriental 6° 17′ 14.73″ 126° 12′ 14.40″ 1.28 2.37 1.47
39 PAB-25 Cape San Agustin Davao Oriental 6° 16′ 8.35″ 126° 11′ 35.06″ 67.65 125.29 77.85
40 PAB-26 SE Sarangani Island Davao Occidental 5° 23′ 34.20″ 125° 28′ 42.11″ 0.43 0.80 0.49
41 PAB-27 Panguil Bato Point Davao Occidental 5° 23′ 21.80″ 125° 28′ 19.59″ 3.44 6.37 3.96
42 PAB-28 Tapundo Point Davao Occidental 5° 21′ 55.66″ 125° 25′ 11.21″ 3.31 6.13 3.81
43 PAB-29 W Calia Point Davao Occidental 5° 21′ 58.48″ 125° 21′ 52.03″ 0.87 1.61 1.00
44 PAB-30 Manamil Island Davao Occidental 5° 22′ 2.91″ 125° 20′ 59.73″ 1.79 3.32 2.06
45 PAB-31 Marampog Point Davao Occidental 5° 23′ 20.18″ 125° 19′ 44.29″ 78.42 145.23 90.24
46 PAB-32 Pola Point Sultan Kudarat 6° 9′ 8.44″ 124° 15′ 42.81″ 122.88 227.57 141.41
47 PAB-33A Kauluan Island Basilan 6° 26′ 47.22″ 122° 13′ 34.50″ 29.44 54.52 33.88
48 PAB-34A Tongquil Island Sulu 6° 2′ 33.77″ 121° 56′ 36.20″ 2.38 4.41 2.74
49 PAB-35 Tongquil Island Sulu 6° 1′ 8.15″ 121° 54′ 41.45″ 1.72 3.19 1.98
50 PAB-35A Tongquil Island Sulu 6° 0′ 17.88″ 121° 53′ 11.17″ 85.94 159.16 98.90
51 PAB-38A Kinapusan Island Tawi-Tawi 5° 12′ 8.70″ 120° 41′ 38.14″ 55.24 102.30 63.57
52 PAB-39 Manuk Manka Island Tawi-Tawi 4° 47′ 39.24″ 119° 51′ 58.08″ 43.44 80.45 49.99
53 PAB-40 Frances Reef Tawi-Tawi 4° 24′ 53.84″ 119° 14′ 50.71″ 0.61 1.13 0.70
54 PAB-40A Frances Reef Tawi-Tawi 4° 25′ 3.83″ 119° 14′ 15.15″ 15.48 28.67 17.81
55 PAB-41A Bajapa Reef Tawi-Tawi 4° 36′ 9.01″ 119° 3′ 22.75″ 6.88 12.74 7.92
56 PAB-42A Paguan Island Tawi-Tawi 4° 42′ 52.07″ 119° 1′ 44.04″ 3.40 6.30 3.91
57 PAB-43 Alice Reef Tawi-Tawi 4° 45′ 55.25″ 119° 3′ 15.19″ 2.28 4.22 2.62
58 PAB-44 Alice Reef Tawi-Tawi 4° 47′ 5.36″ 119° 5′ 12.94″ 18.60 34.45 21.40
59 PAB-45 Omapoy Rock Tawi-Tawi 4° 55′ 10.45″ 119° 22′ 1.30″ 23.37 43.28 26.89
60 PAB-46 Bukut Lapis Point Tawi-Tawi 5° 2′ 23.73″ 119° 44′ 18.14″ 44.20 81.86 50.86
61 PAB-47 Pearl Bank Sulu 5° 46′ 35.15″ 119° 39′ 51.77″ 75.17 139.21 86.50
62 PAB-48 Baguan Island Tawi-Tawi 6° 5′ 58.41″ 118° 26′ 57.30″ 8.54 15.82 9.83
63 PAB-48A Taganak Island Tawi-Tawi 6° 4′ 14.08″ 118° 18′ 33.33″ 13.46 24.93 15.49
64 PAB-49 Great Bakkungaan Island Tawi-Tawi 6° 11′ 4.65″ 118° 6′ 54.15″ 3.97 7.35 4.57
65 PAB-50 Lihiman Island Tawi-Tawi 6° 13′ 39.90″ 118° 3′ 52.09″ 5.53 10.24 6.36
66 PAB-51 Sibaung Island Tawi-Tawi 6° 17′ 43.99″ 118° 0′ 5.44″ 41.60 77.04 47.87
67 PAB-52 Muligi Island Tawi-Tawi 6° 52′ 14.53″ 118° 23′ 40.49″ 75.06 139.01 86.38
68 PAB-53 South Mangsee Island Palawan 7° 30′ 26.05″ 117° 18′ 33.75″ 26 48.15 29.92
69 PAB-54 Balabac Island Palawan 7° 48′ 30.69″ 116° 59′ 39.18″ 6.08 11.26 7.00
70 PAB-54A Balabac Great Reef Palawan 7° 51′ 27.17″ 116° 54′ 17.19″ 1.18 2.19 1.36
71 PAB-54B Balabac Great Reef Palawan 7° 52′ 19.86″ 116° 53′ 28.73″ 2.27 4.20 2.61
72 PAB-55 Balabac Great Reef Palawan 7° 54′ 36.35″ 116° 53′ 16.64″ 7.42 13.74 8.54
73 PAB-60 Ada Reef Palawan 8° 2′ 0.26″ 116° 54′ 10.04″ 10.85 20.09 12.49
74 PAB-61 Secam Island Palawan 8° 11′ 18.36″ 116° 59′ 51.87″ 30.88 57.19 35.54
75 PAB-62 Latud Point Palawan 8° 37′ 56.37″ 117° 15′ 51.23″ 7.91 14.65 9.10
76 PAB-63 SW Tatub Point Palawan 8° 44′ 17.40″ 117° 20′ 39.37″ 11.89 22.02 13.68
77 PAB-63A W Sicud Point Palawan 8° 53′ 32.20″ 117° 28′ 15.78″ 13.20 24.45 15.19
78 PAB-64 Tarumpitao Point Palawan 9° 2′ 57.47″ 117° 37′ 38.88″ 81.12 150.23 93.35
79 PAB-64B Dry Island Palawan 9° 59′ 22.54″ 118° 36′ 53.61″ 82.76 153.27 95.24
80 PAB-65C Binangcolan Point Palawan 11° 13′ 19.82″ 119° 15′ 17.74″ 74.65 138.25 85.91
81 PAB-67 Pinnacle Rock Palawan 12° 19′ 35.22″ 119° 50′ 56.00″ 93.88 173.87 108.04
82 PAB-68 Cabra Island Occidental Mindoro 13° 53′ 21.45″ 120° 1′ 5.86″ 115.69 214.26 133.13
83 PAB-71 Hermana Mayor Island Zambales 15° 48′ 43.61″ 119° 46′ 56.09″ 9.30 17.22 10.70
84 PAB-72 Tambobo Point Pangasinan 15° 57′ 51.67″ 119° 44′ 55.32″ 12.06 22.34 13.88
85 PAB-73B Rena Point Pangasinan 16° 9′ 57.90″ 119° 45′ 15.76″ 0.25 0.46 0.29
86 PAB-73 Rena Point Pangasinan 16° 10′ 12.42″ 119° 45′ 11.95 6.43 11.91 7.40
87 PAB-74 Rocky Ledge Pangasinan 16° 16′ 34.46″ 119° 46′ 19.50″ 0.65 1.20 0.75
88 PAB-74A Piedra Point Pangasinan 16° 17′ 12.70″ 119° 46′ 28.52″ 1.30 2.41 1.50
89 PAB-75 Piedra Point Pangasinan 16° 18′ 29.49″ 119° 46′ 44.94″ 1.04 1.93 1.20
90 PAB-75C Piedra Point Pangasinan 16° 19′ 28.20″ 119° 47′ 7.69″ 0.63 1.17 0.72
91 PAB-75D Piedra Point Pangasinan 16° 20′ 4.38″ 119° 47′ 20.48″ 80.60 149.27 92.75
92 PAB-76 Dile Point Ilocos Sur 17° 34′ 24.94″ 120° 20′ 33.36″ 6.86 12.70 7.89
93 PAB-77 Pinget Island Ilocos Sur 17° 41′ 17.56″ 120° 21′ 2.02″ 14.15 26.21 16.28
94 PAB-78 Badoc Island Ilocos Norte 17° 55′ 4.13″ 120° 24′ 40.56″ 35.40 65.56 40.74
95 PAB-79 Cape Bojeador Ilocos Norte 18° 29′ 32.42″ 120° 33′ 42.41″ 1.77 3.28 2.04
96 PAB-79B Bobon Ilocos Norte 18° 30′ 52.88″ 120° 34′ 55.35″ 53.23 98.58 61.26
97 PAB-80 Calagangan Point Cagayan 19° 10′ 14.78″ 121° 12′ 52.64″ 98.07 181.63 112.86
98 PAB-82 Itbayat Island Batanes 20° 43′ 15.74″ 121° 46′ 57.80″ 25.63 47.47 29.49
99 PAB-83 Amianan Island Batanes 21° 7′ 17.47″ 121° 56′ 43.85″ 0.08 0.15 0.09
100 PAB-84 Amianan Island Batanes 21° 7′ 18.41″ 121° 56′ 48.79″ 0.25 0.46 0.29
101 PAB-85 Amianan Island Batanes 21° 7′ 12.04″ 121° 57′ 3.65″ 0.44 0.81 0.51

See also

References
  1. "Limits in the Seas: No. 142 Philippines: Archipelagic and other Maritime Claims and Boundaries" (PDF). 142. United States Department of State: 1–18. Retrieved November 26, 2015. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. "Republic Act No. 9522". Official Gazette. GOVPH. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
  3. Bautista, Lowell B. "The Philippine Treaty Limits and Territorial Waters Claim in International Law". Retrieved November 26, 2015. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. Wolfrum, Rüdiger (1991). Law of the sea at the crossroads. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. p. 123. ISBN 3-428-07240-5. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
  5. "Deposit by the Republic of the Philippines of a list of geographical coordinates of points pursuant to article 47, paragraph 9, of the Convention" (PDF). April 21, 2009. Retrieved November 26, 2015. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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