Binokel

The game traditionally uses two, shortened, German-suited packs of playing cards but two ordinary packs of cards may be used. In south Germany and online, special packs designed for Binokel are sold under the name "Gaigel/Binokel" and use German-suited, Württemberg pattern cards. There are four suits, commonly called Acorns (German: Eichel), Leaves (Schippen, Grün, Gras, Laub), Hearts (Herz) and Bells (Schellen, Bollen). These equate to Clubs, Spades, Hearts and Diamonds in a French suited pack. If a proper Binokel pack is not available, two Skat packs can be used with the 8s and 9s removed so that the 7s are the only low-ranking cards left.[14] A Doppelkopf pack with French playing cards may also be used or, in extremis, two Anglo-American pattern packs with the Twos, Threes, Fours, Fives, Sixes, Eights and Nines removed.[15]

In addition to cards, a paper and pencil (or slate and chalk) will be needed for keeping score.[14]

The card values in descending order are: Ace[16] (Daus, Sau, Alte or Ass), Ten (Zehner), King (König), Ober (Ober), Unter (Unter or Bauer) and, usually, a Seven (Siebener, Leerer, Nixle, Dis, Diß or Diss). However, Binokel can be played without the Sevens, unlike Gaigel.[17]

Card ranking
Württemberg suits
Acorns	Leaves	Hearts	Bells
A 10 K O U 7	A 10 K O U 7	A 10 K O U 7	A 10 K O U 7
French suits
Clubs	Spades	Hearts	Diamonds
A 10 K D B 7	A 10 K D B 7	A 10 K D B 7	A 10 K D B 7

The value of cards in terms of card points is as follows:[18]

Scores are always rounded up or down to the nearest 10 points.[19]

A pack of 48 cards is used. The dealer shuffles and offers the cards to the player on his left for cutting, before dealing 15 cards to each player, anticlockwise, in packets of five. After the first or second round of the deal, the dealer places 3 cards face-down on the table to form the tapp or, in Swabian, dabb.

In the first phase of the game, bidding (reizen) takes place for the dabb. Players review the strength of their hands and assess the minimum number of card points they will score by melding and taking tricks. The aim of bidding (also called the auction) is to secure the 'contract', i.e. the right to pick up the dabb, announce the trump suit and call for a card from an opponent (Rufen).

In a three-hand game, forehand, the player to the right of the dealer, says "pass!" (weg) if he doesn't think he can make the minimum score, or starts the bidding (anschreien) with the player on his right, usually beginning with "150!". Rearhand (on the dealer's left) may reply with a bid (Reizen) 10 points higher or pass. Bidding continues in this way between the two players until one passes. Next the dealer gets the chance to bid. The player who bids the highest score wins the auction. The bid is recorded to prevent subsequent disputes. Finally the dabb is turned over for all to see and the auction winner picks it up and decides which cards to discard in exchange.

If the highest bidder does not see any chance of reaching his bid after picking up the dabb, he can 'go out' (abgehen). He chooses the trump suit to 'go out' in e.g. by saying "out in Leaves" (Ab in Schippen) and reveals his cards at the same time.

A player who goes out may not meld and loses (geht/fährt) the number of points bid; thus his bid is simply subtracted from his score. His opponents score for their melds plus 30 points.

Example: A player announces "I'll go out in Bells" (Ab in Schellen, Swabian: I gang ab en Schellâ). This means that Bells would have been the trump suit. The opponents may still meld "with 30" (30 mit) i.e. scoring for their melds plus a bonus of 30 points. Thus picking the suit to go out in is important to minimise the opponents' likely melds.

The player who is "in the game" (im Spiel), the declarer, must, before he melds, discard (drücken) the same number of cards picked up from the dab in order to hold the same number of cards as the other players. If he forgets or discards the wrong number of cards, he loses the game. The declarer loses double in such as case (double the bid value is deducted from his score). This is also the case if a melded card is accidentally discarded (gedrückt).

Special rules about discarding: the Dissle (7 of Trumps) may be melded and discarded. The declarer must inform the other players, however. Sometimes, the declarer, if he discards trump cards, must also tell the others how many trump cards he has discarded.

A rule not normally used by serious players but common in family games is 'calling' (Rufen) for a card that the declarer does not hold in order e.g. to improve his melds. This must be done before melding begins. If calling is allowed, bidding often begins at 300.

The player who has the game (by winning the dabb) is the first to meld, having first announced trumps.

Now combinations of cards or melds are placed, which make up a part of the points needed to win. The following melds are possible:

Melds in Binokel
Pairs, Diss and Last Trick	Four/Eight of a Kind
Diss (7 of trumps turned up, played or declared)	10	Four Unters (of different suits)	40
Last trick	10	Four Obers (of different suits)	60
Pair[lower-alpha 2] (O + U or K + Q of any plain suit)	20	Four Kings (of different suits)	80
Trump Pair (2 x O + U or 2 x K + Q of the trump suit)	40	Four Aces (of different suits)	100
Procession or Grand Procession[lower-alpha 3] (4 pairs)	240	Eight of a Kind [lower-alpha 4]	1000
Binokels	Families
Binokel (O + U or ♠Q + ♦J)	40	Family (A 10 K O U or A 10 K Q J, same suit)	100
Double Binokel[lower-alpha 5] (both O + U or ♠Q + ♦J)	300	Trump Family[lower-alpha 6]	150
Grand Binokel[lower-alpha 7] (K + O + U or ♠K + ♠Q + ♦J)	80	Double Family (10 cards of one suit, less 7s)	1,500

Cards can also be used multiple times for melds: an Ober of Leaves, King of Leaves and an Unter of Bells, for example, can be melded as a binokel and a pair. In the same way, four of a kind, of which one card is part of a family, can also be melded. On the other hand, a single Ober or King cannot form a pair with the cards of a family,[21] just as one cannot meld a King and two Obers of a suit as two pairs. The melded points only count if at least one trick has been taken; otherwise the melds are annulled.

If a player has four pairs, one in each suit, he can meld a so-called procession (Rundgang). It is not a real combination, so there are no special points for it, unlike other combinations such as the double binokel (two single binokels score 300).

However, the experienced player automatically knows that 240 points are awarded for the procession: Four Kings score 80, four Obers score 60 and the trump pair and three normal pairs score 100. If a family is melded at the same time as the procession, the procession only scores 200 (trump) or 220 points (non-trump), since the points for the King and Ober in the family may not count twice.

After the melds have been made, tricks are played for. As in the bidding phase, play is anticlockwise and begins with the player who started the bidding, except in the special contracts such as Durch (see below).

The following apply in descending order:[22]

• Farbzwang: players must follow suit.
• Stichzwang: players must win the trick if they can; i. e. play a higher card than the card(s) already played to the trick.
• Trumpfzwang: if a player cannot follow suit, he must play a trump
• Who played first, wins (Z'erschd g’schbielt, z'erschd g’schdochâ): if two cards of the same value are played, the first one wins.

A trump card automatically beats all cards of another suit.

In the fourth phase, the card points in the tricks are counted. Whoever takes the last trick gets an extra 10 points. When the card points have been totted up, they are rounded up or down to the nearest 10 points.

Players should also check whether the declarer has reached the bid value with the sum of the melded points and the card points from the game. If the bid level is not reached, the declarer is "in the cellar" (in den Keller). His melds and tricks do not score and twice the bid value is deducted from his score.

The game comprises a number of deals in which players vie to be first to reach the target score, usually 1,500 points. According to Grupp (1994), each loser pays the winner a sum based on the difference between his score and the winners; typically 10pf (now 5¢) per 100 points difference.

If a player has a particularly good hand, they may announce a durch or Durchmarsch (Swabian: d'r Obârom) which is the equivalent of a slam or march. The aim of durch is to take all 15 tricks. No trump suit is chosen and there are no melds. The player who declares a durch 'comes out' (kommt raus) i.e. leads to the first trick.

A durch scores 1,000 points if played from the hand and 1,500 if played 'open' or 'ouvert' (hingelegten) i.e. if the player puts his cards face up on the table before the first trick, because it is clear that no trick will be lost. The rarest form is Open Hand Durch (aufgelegte Durch von der Hand). This is where the declarer puts his cards on the table and without taking the dabb. If an opponent wins a trick, the game is lost and the declarer has twice the points for a win deducted from his score.

In bettel or untendurch (Swabian: d'r Onnârom) the aim is not to take any tricks as in a misère in other games. It is not commonly played in Binokel. No trump suit is chosen, there are no melds and, depending on the area, either the declarer or the on 'in front' (vorne) begins. Untendurch scores 1,000, 1,500 or 500 points depending on the region. However, an untendurch contract is not very common, since the probability of winning it is much less than for durch.

In untendurch, Stichzwang applies, i.e. if you can win the trick, you must!

This follows the rules of Three-hand Binokel except that the dealer sits out and just receives 200 points for dealing.

This is the most common form, the four players forming two permanent teams of two players for the session, partners sitting opposite one another. Each is dealt eleven cards and four are dealt to the dabb. The game is played as for Three-hand Binokel, except that the two players in a team combine their points.

Players are dealt 12 cards, the next is turned as trumps—if it is a Seven the dealer receives 10 points—and the remainder placed face down as a talon, half-covering the trump turnup. There is no dabb. Forehand plays to the first trick. There is no compulsion to follow suit or trump as long as the talon is not exhausted. If two cards of the same rank and suit are played to a trick, the first wins. The winner of a trick draws another card from the talon and lets his opponent do likewise, before leading to the next trick.

Melds are made during the first part of the game, by a player who has won a trick and is on lead. Only one meld may be declared at a time. Melds may be added to and cards may be used for more than one meld, except that the King and Ober within a family do not count as a pair, nor may a King be paired with two Obers or an Ober with two Kings. Players may play from their hand or from their melds. Possible melds are:

Melds in Two-hand Binokel
Pairs, Diss and Last Trick	Quartets (of different suits)
Diss (7 of trumps turned up, played or declared)	10	Four Unters/Jacks	40
Last trick	10	Four Obers/Queens	60
Pair (O + U) or (K + Q) of any plain suit	20	Four Kings	80
Trump pair (2 x O + U) or 2 x (K + Q of the trump suit)	40	Four Aces	100
Binokels and Quintmajor	Octets
Binokel (O + U) or (♠Q + ♦J)	40	Eight Unters/Jacks	400
Grand Binokel (K + O + U) or (♠K + ♠Q + ♦J)	80[lower-alpha 7]	Eight Obers/Queens	600
Quintmajor (A 10 K O U) or (A 10 K Q J) of trumps	250	Eight Kings	800
Double Binokel (2 x O + U) or (2 x ♠Q + ♦J)	300	Eight Aces	1000

Once the talon is exhausted, players collect their remaining meld cards and add them to their hand. From now on they must follow suit or, if unable to do so, play a trump. The winner of the last trick gets 10 points.

The game is normally played for 1000 points. Scoring of melds is usually done at the time of the meld; card points are totted up after the last trick. However, if one player is approaching 1,000 points, card points should also be mentally added up as they are won, so that a player can announce reaching 1,000 before game end.