Carcharhinus
Carcharhinus is the type genus of the family Carcharhinidae, the requiem sharks. One of 12 genera in its family, it contains over half of the species therein. It contains 35 extant and eight extinct species to date, with likely more species yet to be described.[3]
| Carcharhinus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| C. amblyrhynchos | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Order: | Carcharhiniformes |
| Family: | Carcharhinidae |
| Genus: | Carcharhinus Blainville 1816 |
| Type species | |
| Carcharias melanopterus | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Species
Extant
| Genus Carcharhinus Blainville 1816 - 35 extant species | |||||
| Common name | Scientific name | Geographic range | Conservation status IUCN Red List |
Length | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blacknose shark | Carcharhinus acronotus (Poey, 1860) |
 |
Near threatened | 1.3 m (4.3 ft) |  |
| Silvertip shark | Carcharhinus albimarginatus (Rüppell, 1837) |
 |
Vulnerable | 2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft) maximum 3 m (9.8 ft) |
 |
| Bignose shark | Carcharhinus altimus (S. Springer, 1950) |
 |
Data deficient | 2.7–2.8 m (8.9–9.2 ft) possibly 3 m (9.8 ft) |
 |
| Graceful shark | Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides (Whitley, 1934) |
 |
Near threatened | 1.7 m (5.6 ft) |  |
| Grey reef shark | Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos (Bleeker, 1856) |
 |
Near threatened | Mostly less than 1.9 m (6.2 ft) maximum 2.6 m (8.5 ft) |
|
| Pigeye shark | Carcharhinus amboinensis (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Data deficient | 1.9–2.5 m (6.2–8.2 ft) max. 2.8 m (9.2 ft) |
 |
| Borneo shark | Carcharhinus borneensis (Bleeker, 1858) |
 |
Endangered | 0.7 m (2.3 ft) | |
| Copper shark | Carcharhinus brachyurus (Günther, 1870) |
 |
Near threatened | 3.3 m (11 ft) |  |
| Spinner shark | Carcharhinus brevipinna (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Near threatened | 2 m (6.6 ft) maximum 3 m (9.8 ft) |
 |
| Nervous shark | Carcharhinus cautus (Whitley, 1945) |
 |
Data deficient | 1.0–1.3 m (3.3–4.3 ft) possibly 1.5 m (4.9 ft) |
 |
| Pacific smalltail shark | Carcharhinus cerdale (C. H. Gilbert, 1898) |
 |
Not evaluated | 1.4 m (4.6 ft) |  |
| Coates' shark | Carcharhinus coatesi (Whitley, 1939) |
Not evaluated | 0.8 m (2.6 ft) | ||
| Whitecheek shark | Carcharhinus dussumieri (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Near threatened | 1 m (3.3 ft) |  |
| Silky shark | Carcharhinus falciformis (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Near threatened | 2.5 m (8.2 ft) maximum 3.5 m (11 ft) |
 |
| Creek whaler | Carcharhinus fitzroyensis (Whitley, 1943) |
 |
Least concern | 1.0–1.3 m (3.3–4.3 ft) possibly 1.5 m (4.9 ft) |
 |
| Galapagos shark | Carcharhinus galapagensis (Snodgrass & Heller, 1905) |
 |
Near threatened | 3 m (9.8 ft) maximum 3.3 m (11 ft) |
 |
| Pondicherry shark | Carcharhinus hemiodon (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Critically endangered | 1 m (3.3 ft) |  |
| Human's whaler shark | Carcharhinus humani (W. T. White & Weigmann, 2014) |
Not evaluated | 0.8 m (2.6 ft) | ||
| Finetooth shark | Carcharhinus isodon (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Least concern | 1.6–1.7 m (5.2–5.6 ft) maximum 1.9 m (6.2 ft) |
 |
| Smoothtooth blacktip shark | Carcharhinus leiodon (Garrick, 1985) |
 |
Vulnerable | 1.2 m (3.9 ft) |  |
| Bull shark | Carcharhinus leucas (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Near threatened | 2.3–2.4 m (7.5–7.9 ft) maximum 3.5 m (11 ft) |
 |
| Blacktip shark | Carcharhinus limbatus (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Near threatened | 1.5 m (4.9 ft) maximum 2.8 m (9.2 ft) |
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| Oceanic whitetip shark | Carcharhinus longimanus (Poey, 1861) |
 |
Vulnerable | 3 m (9.8 ft) |  |
| Hardnose shark | Carcharhinus macloti (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Near threatened | 1.1 m (3.6 ft) |  |
| Blacktip reef shark | TCarcharhinus melanopterus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) |
 |
Near threatened | 1.6 m (5.2 ft) maximum 1.8 m (5.9 ft) |
 |
| Dusky shark | Carcharhinus obscurus (Lesueur, 1818) |
 |
Vulnerable | 3.2 m (10 ft) maximum 4.2 m (14 ft) |
 |
| Lost shark[4] | Carcharhinus obsolerus (White, Kyne & Harris, 2019) |
Critically endangered (possibly extinct) | 0.37–0.43 m (15–17 in) (juvenile length only) |
 | |
| Caribbean reef shark | Carcharhinus perezi (Poey, 1876) |
 |
Near threatened | 2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft) maximum 3 m (9.8 ft) |
 |
| Sandbar shark | Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) |
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Vulnerable | 2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft) |  |
| Smalltail shark | Carcharhinus porosus (Ranzani, 1839) |
 |
Critically endangered | 0.9–1.1 m (3.0–3.6 ft) maximum 1.5 m (4.9 ft) |
 |
| Blackspot shark | Carcharhinus sealei (Pietschmann, 1913) |
 |
Near threatened | 1 m (3.3 ft) |  |
| Night shark | Carcharhinus signatus (Poey, 1868) |
 |
Vulnerable | 2 m (6.6 ft) maximum 2.8 m (9.2 ft) |
 |
| Spot-tail shark | Carcharhinus sorrah (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |
 |
Near threatened | 1.6 m (5.2 ft) |  |
| Australian blacktip shark | Carcharhinus tilstoni (Whitley, 1950) |
 |
Least concern | 1.5–1.8 m (4.9–5.9 ft) maximum 2 m (6.6 ft) |
 |
| Indonesian whaler shark | Carcharhinus tjutjot (Bleeker, 1852) |
Not evaluated | 0.9 m (3.0 ft) | ||
Fossil
References
- Carrier, J.C.; J.A. Musick & M.R. Heithaus (2004). Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives. CRC Press. p. 52. ISBN 0-8493-1514-X.
- Cicimurri & Knight, 2009
- Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2011). Species of Carcharhinus in FishBase. February 2011 version.
- Harris et al., 2019
- Carcharhinus egertoni at Fossilworks.org
- De Aráujo Távora et al., 2010
- Carcharhinus priscus at Fossilworks.org
- Carrillo Briceño et al., 2015
- Aguilera & De Aguilera, 2001
- C. ackermani at Fossilworks.org
- C. gibbesi at Fossilworks.org
- Adnet et al., 2007
- C. balochenisis at Fossilworks.org
- C. perseus at Fossilworks.org
- C. nigeriensis at Fossilworks.org
- Halstead & Middleton, 1974
Bibliography
- Adnet, S.; P.-O. Antoine; S.R. Hassan Baqri; J. Crochet; L. Marivaux; J. Welcomme, and G. Métais. 2007. New tropical carcharhinids (chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes) from the late Eocene–early Oligocene of Balochistan, Pakistan: Paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 30. 303–323. Accessed 2019-03-05.
- Aguilera, Ó, and D. De Aguilera. 2001. An exceptional coastal upwelling fish assemblage in the Caribbean Neogene. Journal of Paleontology 75. 732–742. Accessed 2019-03-05.
- De Araújo Távora, Vladimir; André Augusto Rodrigues dos Santos, and Raphael Neto Araújo. 2010. Localidades fossilíferas da Formação Pirabas (Mioceno Inferior). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 5. 207–224. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Carrillo Briceño, Jorge D.; Erin Maxwell; Órangel A. Aguilera; Rodolfo Sánchez, and Marcelo R. Sánchez Villagra. 2015. Sawfishes and Other Elasmobranch Assemblages from the Mio-Pliocene of the South Caribbean (Urumaco Sequence, Northwestern Venezuela). PLoS ONE 10. e0139230. Accessed 2019-03-05.
- Cicimurri, D.J., and J.L. Knight. 2009. Late Oligocene sharks and rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54. 627–647. Accessed 2019-03-05.
- Halstead, L.B., and J.A. Middleton. 1974. New material of the archaeocete whale Pappocetus lugardi Andrews, from the middle Eocene of Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology 8. 81–85.
- Harris, Mark; Peter M. Kyne, and William T. White. 2019. Lost before found: A new species of whaler shark Carcharhinus obsolerus from the Western Central Pacific known only from historic records. PLoS ONE 14. e0209387. Accessed 2019-03-05.
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