Chalanata

Chalanata (pronounced chalanāta) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 36th Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is one of the few rāgams referred by the same name in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.[1]

Chalanata
ArohanamS R₃ G₃ M₁ P D₃ N₃ 
Avarohanam N₃ D₃ P M₁ G₃ R₃ S

Structure and Lakshana

Chalanata scale with Shadjam at C

It is the 6th rāgam in the 6th chakra Rutu. The mnemonic name is Rutu-Sha. The mnemonic phrase is sa ru gu ma pa dhu nu.[2] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

The notes used in this scale are shadjam, shatsruthi rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, shatsruthi dhaivatham and kakali nishadham. As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampurna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Rasikapriya, which is the 72nd (last) melakarta.

Janya Rāgams

Chalanāta (also pronounced Chalanāttai) has two popular janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, namely Nāta (Nāttai) and Ghambheeranāta (Gambheeranāttai). Nāta ragam compositions are sung often in concerts and it overshadows Chalanāta.[3] See List of Janya Rāgams for list of janya rāgams associated with Chalanāta.

Compositions

A few compositions set to Chalanāta are:

Film Songs

Language: Tamil

Song Movie Composer Singer
Ventriduven Unnai(Ragamalika opening portion only) Agathiyar Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan T. M. Soundararajan, Sirkazhi Govindarajan
Maanikkka Theril Maragatha Thedi Vandha Mappillai M. S. Viswanathan T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela
Mahaganapathim Sindhu Bhairavi Illayaraja K.J. Yesudas
Mettioli Katrodu Metti Illayaraja, S. Janaki(Humming only)
Kavithai Kelungal(Ragamalika) Punnagai Mannan Vani Jairam
Aala Asathum Kanni Rasi S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jairam
Isai Paadu Nee Isai Paadum Thendral S. Janaki
Oh Oh Oh Kaalai Kuyilgale Unnai Vaazhthi Paadugiren
Holi Holi Raasukutti S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Innum Ennai (Gambeeranattai with Tilang) Singaravelan
Podu Thanthanathom Nalla Naal
Panivizhum Malar Vanam (in Chalanattai) Ninaivellam Nithya S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Nan Deva devi Thangakkili Mano, Swarnalatha
Oru Pattampochi Kadhalukku Mariyadhai K.J. Yesudas, Sujatha
Naan Ondru Kettal Ilayaragam Arunmozhi, K.S. Chitra
Peigaley Nambathey Mahanadi Kamal Haasan, Shanmugasundari
Sandhosha Kannire Uyire A. R. Rahman A. R. Rahman
Spiderman New Kunal Ganjawala, Sadhana Sargam
Narumugaiye Narumugaiye Iruvar P. Unnikrishnan, Bombay Jayashree
Vennila Vennila Asha Bhosle
Thom Thom Alli Thandha Vaanam Vidyasagar Hariharan, K.S. Chitra
Thangamagan Indru Baashha Deva K.J. Yesudas, K.S. Chitra
Devi Devi Santharpam S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Uma Ramanan
Irupathu Kodi Nilavugal Thulladha Manamum Thullum S. A. Rajkumar Hariharan
Mudhalam Santhippil Charlie Chaplin Bharani P. Unnikrishnan, Swarnalatha
Solaigal Ellam Pookalai Pareekatheergal T. Rajendar S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K.S. Chitra
Uyire Uyire Vaanam Vasappadum Mahesh Mahadevan Hariharan, Ganga
Iyengaru Veetu Azhagey Anniyan Harris Jayaraj Hariharan, Harini
Chennai Senthamizh (inspired from Mahaganapathim) M. Kumaran Son of Mahalakshmi Srikanth Deva Harish Raghavendra
Jingunamani Jilla D. Imman Ranjith, Sunidhi Chauhan
Ammukuttiye Gemini Ganeshanum Suruli Raajanum Pradeep Kumar

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Chalanata's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields a major Melakarta rāgam Shubhapantuvarali. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Chalanata.

Notes

  1. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S  G M P  N 
    • Western: C D E F G A B C
  2. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani:  N  P M G  S
    • Western: C B A G F E D C

References

  1. Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai
  2. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  3. Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
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