Copper(II) phosphate

Copper(II) phosphate are inorganic compounds with the formula Cu3(PO4)2.n(H2O). They can be regarded as the cupric salt of phosphoric acid. Anhydrous copper(II) phosphate is a blue solid. It is produced by a high-temperature reaction between diammonium phosphate and copper(II) oxide.[2]

2 (NH4)2HPO4 + 3 CuO → Cu3(PO4)2 + 3 H2O + 4 NH3
For other uses, see Copper phosphate.
Copper(II) phosphate
Names
IUPAC name
copper(II) phosphate
Other names
tricopper diphosphate
tricopper bis(orthophosphate)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.322
UNII
Properties
Cu3(PO4)2
Molar mass 380.580722 g/mol (anhydrous)
434.63 g/mol (trihydrate)
Appearance light bluish-green powder (anhydrous)
blue or olive crystals (trihydrate)
insoluble
Solubility anhydrous:
soluble in ammonia
trihydrate:
soluble in ammonium hydroxide
slightly soluble in acetone
insoluble in ethanol
Structure
orthorhombic (trihydrate)
Hazards
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[1]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)[1]
Related compounds
Other cations
 Iron(II) phosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Structure

In terms of structure, copper(II) phosphates are coordination polymers, as is typical for most metal phosphates. The phosphate center is tetrahedral. In the anhydrous material, the copper centers are pentacoordinate. In the monohydrate, the copper adopt 6-, 5-, and 4-coordinate geometries.[3]

Structure of Cu3(PO4)2(H2O).

Minerals

It is relatively commonly encountered as the hydrated species Cu2(PO4)OH, which is green and occurs naturally as the mineral libethenite. Pseudomalachite, Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4, is the most common Cu phosphate in the nature, typical for some oxidation zones of Cu ore deposits.[4][5]

References
  1. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. Shoemaker, G. L.; Anderson, J. B.; Kostiner, E. (15 September 1977). "Copper(II) phosphate". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 33 (9): 2969–2972. doi:10.1107/S0567740877010012.
  3. Effenberger, H. (1985). "Cu3(PO4)2 · H2O: Synthese und Kristallstruktur". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 57 (2): 240–247. Bibcode:1985JSSCh..57..240E. doi:10.1016/S0022-4596(85)80014-1.
  4. [https://www.mindat.org/min-3299.html Pseudomalachite on Mindat
  5. https://www.ima-mineralogy.org/Minlist.htm
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