Cuíto
Cuíto, formerly known as Silva Porto, is a city and municipality in central Angola, capital of Bié Province. The municipality had a population of 450,881 in 2014.[1]
Cuíto
Silva Porto | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Cuíto Location in Angola | |
| Coordinates: 12°23′S 16°56′E | |
| Country |  Angola |
| Province | Bié Province |
| Founded | 1750 |
| Area | |
| • Municipality | 4,814 km2 (1,859 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,695 m (5,561 ft) |
| Population (2014 Census)[1] | |
| • Municipality | 450,881 |
| • Density | 94/km2 (240/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 355,423 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Area code(s) | (+244) 48 |
| Climate | Cwb |
History
The city of Cuíto is built in the historical heart of the Ovimbundu kingdom. The ruler of the Ovimbundu was named Viye and he married a Songo woman named Cahanda. Together they built the city and later the Portuguese would name the Bié Province after the ruler.[3] The Ovimbundu were known for selling captives from neighbouring tribes to the European slave traders which made the area an ideal location for the slave business and brought colonists to the area. The Portuguese "founded" the city in 1750.[4] They later called it Silva Porto after António da Silva Porto who built his home embala Belmonte in the area.[5] The pleasant climate in the Bié Province was attractive to Portuguese settlers and many made their home in Silva Porto in the early 1900s when the Benguela Railway connected the city to the coast.
Cuíto had a long history of violence starting with the African slave trade and tribal warfare. Later in the 1960s the Portuguese used the town of Silva Porto as a training centre for training black Portuguese Army soldiers to send Northern Portuguese Angola in order to fight the nationalist guerrillas, during the Portuguese Colonial War.
After independence from Portugal in 1975, Cuíto saw its worst times on 6 January 1993 when UNITA, during the Angolan Civil War, laid siege of the city for over 9 months and over 30,000 people were killed, both from war effects and starvation. Nobody was permitted to enter or leave the city for 9 months and the city suffered heavy damage. UNITA was eventually driven from Cuíto and a second attempt was made to capture the city in 1998 using huge artillery and tanks.[6]
Climate
The town sits on the eastern flank of the Bie Plateau. The climate is unusually cool for its tropical location. The average annual temperature is 18 °C, largely due to its high altitude. The coolest period is May to August when almost no rain falls. September and October are the hottest months with a little rain. Heavy rain falls in the main rainy season November to April.
| Climate data for Cuíto | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 29 (84) |
28 (82) |
28 (82) |
29 (84) |
28 (82) |
27 (81) |
27 (81) |
30 (86) |
31 (88) |
31 (88) |
29 (84) |
28 (82) |
31 (88) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 25 (77) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
23 (73) |
24 (75) |
26 (79) |
28 (82) |
26 (79) |
24 (75) |
23 (73) |
25 (77) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 19 (66) |
19 (66) |
19 (66) |
18 (64) |
17 (63) |
14 (57) |
15 (59) |
17 (63) |
20 (68) |
19 (66) |
19 (66) |
18 (64) |
18 (64) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 14 (57) |
14 (57) |
15 (59) |
13 (55) |
10 (50) |
6 (43) |
7 (45) |
9 (48) |
12 (54) |
13 (55) |
14 (57) |
14 (57) |
12 (54) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3 (37) |
7 (45) |
5 (41) |
0 (32) |
−1 (30) |
−5 (23) |
0 (32) |
0 (32) |
3 (37) |
6 (43) |
6 (43) |
5 (41) |
−5 (23) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 193 (7.6) |
196 (7.7) |
203 (8.0) |
76 (3.0) |
10 (0.4) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
3 (0.1) |
23 (0.9) |
109 (4.3) |
193 (7.6) |
221 (8.7) |
1,227 (48.3) |
| Source: weatherbase.com [7] | |||||||||||||
Transportation
Cuítois served by the Benguela railway that once connected the inland provinces to the coast. The actual railway station serving Cuíto is located a few kilometers north of the town. The railway is expected to be repaired in the next few years. There are also direct flights from Luanda.
See also
Notes and references
- "Resultados Definitivos Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação – 2014 Província do Bié" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
- Citypopulation.de Population of the major cities in Angola
- T. Ernest Wilson, Angola Beloved p. 32.
- John Marcum, The Angolan Revolution vol I (1950-1962): The Anatomy of an Explosion. p. 102n.
- Henry W. Nevison. A Modern Slavery p. 84.
- Martin James, Historical Dictionary of Angola
- "Weatherbase: Historical weather for Silva Porto, Angola". Retrieved February 13, 2010.