Doris Hart

Doris Hart
	Hart in 1953
Country (sports)	United States
Born	June 20, 1925; St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
Died	May 29, 2015 (aged 89); Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.
Retired	1955 (but played at the 1968 Wimbledon Championships and the 1969 US Open)
Int. Tennis HoF	1969 (member page)
Singles
Career record	0–0
Highest ranking	No. 1 (1951)
Grand Slam Singles results
Australian Open	W (1949)
French Open	W (1950, 1952)
Wimbledon	W (1951)
US Open	W (1954, 1955)
Doubles
Career record	0–0
Grand Slam Doubles results
Australian Open	W (1950)
French Open	W (1948, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953)
Wimbledon	W (1947, 1951, 1952, 1953)
US Open	W (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954)
Grand Slam Mixed Doubles results
Australian Open	W (1949, 1950)
French Open	W (1951, 1952, 1953)
Wimbledon	W (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955)
US Open	W (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955)

Doris Hart (June 20, 1925 – May 29, 2015) was a tennis player from the United States who was active in the 1940s and first half of the 1950s. She was ranked world No. 1 in 1951. She was the fourth player, and second woman, to win a Career Grand Slam in singles. She was the first of only three players (all women) to complete the career "Boxed Set" of Grand Slam titles, which is winning at least one title in singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles at all four Grand Slam events. Only Margaret Smith Court and she achieved this during the amateur era of the sport.

Tennis career

Hart reached 67 Grand Slam finals and won 35 titles, tying with Louise Brough for sixth on the all-time list (behind Margaret Smith Court (64), Martina Navratilova (59), Billie Jean King (39), Serena Williams (39), and Margaret Osborne duPont (37)). Six of her titles were in women's singles, 14 in women's doubles, and 15 in mixed doubles.[1] Hart is one of only three players, all women, to have a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles — every possible title (singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles) from all four Grand Slam tournaments. The others are Margaret Smith Court and Martina Navratilova.[1] Hart was the first person to accomplish this feat.[2]

As a child, Hart suffered from osteomyelitis, which resulted in a permanently impaired right leg. She started playing tennis when she was 10 years old, greatly encouraged by her brother Bud.[1]

After losing seven Grand Slam finals from 1942 through 1946, Hart won her first Grand Slam title at the 1947 Wimbledon Championships in women's doubles. At that point, she was still a student at the University of Miami.[3][4]

Her first Grand Slam singles title came at the 1949 Australian National Championships, where she was the only non-Australian player in the draw. She also won singles titles at the 1950 and 1952 French International Championships, the 1951 Wimbledon Championships (routing doubles partner Shirley Fry in the final),[3] and the 1954 and 1955 U.S. National Championships.[3][5] The 1955 U.S. singles final was the last Grand Slam singles match of her career.[5]

Hart won the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles titles at the 1951 Wimbledon Championships, playing the finals of all three events on the same day (July 7, 1951).[3] She also won the "triple crown" at the 1952 French International Championships and the 1954 U.S. National Championships.[6]

During her Wightman Cup career from 1946 through 1955, Hart was a perfect 14–0 in singles matches and 8–1 in doubles matches.[1]

Hart did not lose a Grand Slam women's doubles match from the 1951 French International Championships through the semifinals of the 1954 Wimbledon Championships, 43 matches in total, although she skipped 4 Grand Slam tournaments during this period. She also did not lose a mixed doubles match at the 13 Grand Slam tournaments she played from the 1951 French International Championships through the 1955 U.S. National Championships. She (and partner Stan Smith) finally lost in the third round of the 1968 Wimbledon Championships to Frew McMillan and Annette Van Zyl Du Plooy 6–3, 12–10.

According to John Olliff and Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail, Hart was ranked in the world top 10 from 1946 through 1955 (no rankings issued from 1940 through 1945), reaching a career high of World No. 1 in those rankings in 1951.[7] Hart was included in the year-end top 10 rankings issued by the United States Lawn Tennis Association from 1942 through 1955. She was the top ranked U.S. player in 1954 and 1955.[8]

Hart retired from the tour in late 1955 to become a tennis teaching professional. Her autobiography Tennis with Hart was published that year.[6]

Doris was inducted into the inaugural Class of 1967 inductees to the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame.

She was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1969.

She died on May 29, 2015 at her home in Coral Gables, Florida at age 89.[9]

Grand Slam finals

Singles (6 titles, 12 runner-ups)

Result	Year	Championship	Surface	Opponent	Score
Loss	1946	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Pauline Betz	9–11, 3–6
Loss	1947	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Margaret Osborne duPont	2–6, 4–6
Loss	1947	French Championships	Clay	Patricia Canning Todd	3–6, 6–3, 4–6
Loss	1948	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Louise Brough	3–6, 6–8
Win	1949	Australian Championships	Grass	Nancye Wynne Bolton	6–3, 6–4
Loss	1949	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Margaret Osborne duPont	3–6, 1–6
Loss	1950	Australian Championships	Grass	Louise Brough	4–6, 6–3, 4–6
Win	1950	French Championships	Clay	Patricia Canning Todd	6–4, 4–6, 6–2
Loss	1950	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Margaret Osborne duPont	4–6, 3–6
Loss	1951	French Championships	Clay	Shirley Fry	3–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win	1951	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	6–1, 6–0
Win	1952	French Championships	Clay	Shirley Fry	6–4, 6–4
Loss	1952	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Maureen Connolly	3–6, 5–7
Loss	1953	French Championships	Clay	Maureen Connolly	2–6, 4–6
Loss	1953	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Maureen Connolly	6–8, 5–7
Loss	1953	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Maureen Connolly	2–6, 4–6
Win	1954	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Louise Brough	6–8, 6–1, 8–6
Win	1955	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Patricia Ward	6–4, 6–2

Doubles (14 titles, 16 runner-ups)

Result	Year	Championship	Surface	Partner	Opponents	Score
Loss	1942	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Pauline Betz	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	6–2, 5–7, 0–6
Loss	1943	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Pauline Betz	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	4–6, 3–6
Loss	1944	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Pauline Betz	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	6–4, 4–6, 3–6
Loss	1945	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Pauline Betz	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	3–6, 3–6
Loss	1946	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Pauline Betz	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	3–6, 6–2, 3–6
Loss	1946	French Championships	Clay	Pauline Betz	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	4–6, 6–0, 1–6
Win	1947	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Patricia Canning Todd	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	3–6, 6–4, 7–5
Loss	1947	French Championships	Clay	Patricia Canning Todd	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	5–7, 2–6
Loss	1947	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Patricia Canning Todd	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	7–5, 3–6, 5–7
Win	1948	French Championships	Clay	Patricia Canning Todd	Mary Arnold Prentiss Shirley Fry	6–4, 6–2
Loss	1948	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Patricia Canning Todd	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	1–6, 1–6
Loss	1948	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Patricia Canning Todd	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	4–6, 10–8, 1–6
Loss	1949	Australian Championships	Grass	Marie Toomey	Nancye Wynne Bolton Thelma Coyne Long	0–6, 1–6
Loss	1949	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	4–6, 8–10
Win	1950	Australian Championships	Grass	Louise Brough	Nancye Wynne Bolton Thelma Coyne Long	6–3, 2–6, 6–3
Win	1950	French Championships	Clay	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	1–6, 7–5, 6–2
Loss	1950	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	4–6, 7–5, 1–6
Loss	1950	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	2–6, 3–6
Win	1951	French Championships	Clay	Shirley Fry	Beryl Bartlett Barbara Scofield	10–8, 6–3
Win	1951	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	6–2, 13–11
Win	1951	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Nancy Chaffee Patricia Canning Todd	6–4, 6–2
Win	1952	French Championships	Clay	Shirley Fry	Hazel Redick-Smith Julia Wipplinger	7–5, 6–1
Win	1952	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Maureen Connolly	8–6, 6–3
Win	1952	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Maureen Connolly	10–8, 6–4
Win	1953	French Championships	Clay	Shirley Fry	Maureen Connolly Julia Sampson	6–4, 6–3
Win	1953	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Maureen Connolly Julia Sampson	6–0, 6–0
Win	1953	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	6–2, 7–9, 9–7
Loss	1954	Wimbledon Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	6–4, 7–9, 1–6
Win	1954	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	6–4, 6–4
Loss	1955	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Shirley Fry	Louise Brough Margaret Osborne duPont	3–6, 6–1, 3–6

Mixed doubles: 19 (15 titles, 4 runner-ups)

Result	Year	Championship	Surface	Partner	Opponents	Score
Loss	1945	U.S. Championships	Grass	Bob Falkenburg	Margaret Osborne duPont Bill Talbert	4–6, 4–6
Loss	1948	French Championships	Clay	Frank Sedgman	Pat Canning Todd Jaroslav Drobný	3–6, 6–3, 3–6
Loss	1948	Wimbledon	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Louise Brough John Bromwich	2–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win	1949	Australian Championships	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Joyce Fitch John Bromwich	6–1, 5–7, 12–10
Win	1950	Australian Championships	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Joyce Fitch Eric Sturgess	8–6, 6–4
Loss	1950	U.S. Championships	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Margaret Osborne duPont Ken McGregor	4–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win	1951	French Championships	Clay	Frank Sedgman	Thelma Coyne Long Mervyn Rose	7–5, 6–2
Win	1951	Wimbledon	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Nancye Wynne Bolton Mervyn Rose	7–5, 6–2
Win	1951	U.S. Championships	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Shirley Fry Mervyn Rose	6–3, 6–2
Win	1952	Wimbledon	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Thelma Coyne Long Enrique Morea	4–6, 6–3, 6–4
Win	1952	French Championships	Clay	Frank Sedgman	Shirley Fry Eric Sturgess	6–8, 6–3, 6–3
Win	1952	U.S. Championships	Grass	Frank Sedgman	Thelma Long Lew Hoad	6–3, 7–5
Win	1953	French Championships	Clay	Vic Seixas	Maureen Connolly Mervyn Rose	4–6, 6–4, 6–0
Win	1953	Wimbledon	Grass	Vic Seixas	Shirley Fry Enrique Morea	9–7, 7–5
Win	1953	U.S. Championships	Grass	Vic Seixas	Julia Sampson Rex Hartwig	6–2, 4–6, 6–4
Win	1954	Wimbledon	Grass	Vic Seixas	Margaret duPont Ken Rosewall	5–7, 6–4, 6–3
Win	1955	Wimbledon	Grass	Vic Seixas	Louise Brough Enrique Morea	8–6, 2–6, 6–3
Win	1954	U.S. Championships	Grass	Vic Seixas	Margaret duPont Ken Rosewall	4–6, 6–1, 6–1
Win	1955	U.S. Championships	Grass	Vic Seixas	Shirley Fry Gardnar Mulloy	7–5, 5–7, 6–2

Grand Slam performance timelines

**Key**
W	F	SF	QF	#R	RR	Q#	A	NH

(W) Won; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (A) absent; (NH) not held. SR=strike rate (events won/competed)

Singles

Tournament	1940	1941	1942	1943	1944	1945	1946¹	1947¹	1948	1949	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	Career SR	Win-Loss
Australian Championships	A	NH	NH	NH	NH	NH	A	A	A	W	F	A	A	A	A	A	1 / 2	8-1
French Championships	NH	R	R	R	R	A	QF	F	SF	A	W	F	W	F	A	A	2 / 7	28-5
Wimbledon Championships	NH	NH	NH	NH	NH	NH	QF	F	F	A	SF	W	QF	F	SF	SF	1 / 9	43-8
U.S. National Championships	2R²	1R	QF	SF	QF	SF	F	SF	QF	F	F	SF	F	F	W	W	2 / 16	57-13
SR	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 3	0 / 3	0 / 3	1 / 2	1 / 4	1 / 3	1 / 3	0 / 3	1 / 2	1 / 2	6 / 34
Win-Loss	0-0	0-1	3-1	3-1	2-1	3-1	10-3	14-3	11-3	9-1	20-3	15-2	13-2	14-3	10-1	9-1		136-27

Doubles

Tournament	1942	1943	1944	1945	1946¹	1947¹	1948	1949	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956– 1967	1968	1969	Career SR
Australian Championships	NH	NH	NH	NH	A	A	A	F	W	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	1 / 2
French Championships	R	R	R	A	F	F	W	A	W	W	W	W	A	A	A	A	A	5 / 7
Wimbledon Championships	NH	NH	NH	NH	F	W	F	A	F	W	W	W	F	2R	A	2R	A	4 / 10
U.S. National Championships	F	F	F	F	SF	F	F	F	F	W	W	W	W	F	A	A	1R	4 / 15
SR	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 3	1 / 3	1 / 3	0 / 2	2 / 4	3 / 3	3 / 3	3 / 3	1 / 2	0 / 2	0 / 0	0 / 1	0 / 1	14 / 34

Mixed doubles

Tournament	1942	1943	1944	1945	1946¹	1947¹	1948	1949	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956–1967	1968	1969	Career SR
Australian Championships	NH	NH	NH	NH	A	A	A	W	W	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	2 / 2
French Championships	R	R	R	A	2R	A	F	A	3R	W	W	W	A	A	A	A	A	3 / 6
Wimbledon Championships	NH	NH	NH	NH	4R	SF	F	A	SF	W	W	W	W	W	A	3R	A	5 / 10
U.S. National Championships	2R	1R	QF	F	QF	1R	SF	QF	F	W	W	W	W	W	A	A	QF	5 / 15
SR	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 3	0 / 2	0 / 3	1 / 2	1 / 4	3 / 3	3 / 3	3 / 3	2 / 2	2 / 2	0 / 0	0 / 1	0 / 1	15 / 33

R = tournament restricted to French nationals and held under German occupation.
¹In 1946 and 1947, the French Championships were held after Wimbledon.
²Hart did not play at this event. Her opponent got a walkover.

References

Frank Litsky (May 31, 2015). "Doris Hart, Tennis Standout Despite Physical Limitations, Dies at 89". The New York Times. Retrieved May 31, 2015.
Reuters (May 30, 2015). "Grand Slam tennis champ Doris Hart of U.S. dies at 89". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on May 31, 2015. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
Richard Evans (May 31, 2015). "Doris Hart obituary". The Guardian. London. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
Howard Kleinberg (2013). Legendary Locals of Greater Miami. Arcadia Publishing. p. 56.
Associated Press (May 30, 2015). "Tennis Career Grand Slam Winner Doris Hart Dies at 89". ABC News. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
"Doris Hart, tennis champion – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. June 1, 2015. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
Collins, Bud (2008). The Bud Collins History of Tennis: An Authoritative Encyclopedia and Record Book. New York City: New Chapter Press. pp. 695, 702–3. ISBN 0-942257-41-3.
United States Tennis Association (1988). 1988 Official USTA Tennis Yearbook. Lynn, Massachusetts: H. O. Zimman, Inc. pp. 260–1.
"Tennis career Grand Slam winner Doris Hart dies at 89". Sports Illustrated. May 30, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2015.

External links

Doris Hart at the International Tennis Hall of Fame
Doris Hart at the International Tennis Federation

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[nyt-1] Frank Litsky (May 31, 2015). "Doris Hart, Tennis Standout Despite Physical Limitations, Dies at 89". The New York Times. Retrieved May 31, 2015.

[globe-2] Reuters (May 30, 2015). "Grand Slam tennis champ Doris Hart of U.S. dies at 89". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on May 31, 2015. Retrieved June 1, 2015.

[guardian-3] Richard Evans (May 31, 2015). "Doris Hart obituary". The Guardian. London. Retrieved June 1, 2015.

[4] Howard Kleinberg (2013). Legendary Locals of Greater Miami. Arcadia Publishing. p. 56.

[abc-5] Associated Press (May 30, 2015). "Tennis Career Grand Slam Winner Doris Hart Dies at 89". ABC News. Retrieved June 1, 2015.

[TelegObit-6] "Doris Hart, tennis champion – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. June 1, 2015. Retrieved June 1, 2015.

[7] Collins, Bud (2008). The Bud Collins History of Tennis: An Authoritative Encyclopedia and Record Book. New York City: New Chapter Press. pp. 695, 702–3. ISBN 0-942257-41-3.

[8] United States Tennis Association (1988). 1988 Official USTA Tennis Yearbook. Lynn, Massachusetts: H. O. Zimman, Inc. pp. 260–1.

[9] "Tennis career Grand Slam winner Doris Hart dies at 89". Sports Illustrated. May 30, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2015.