GOES 15

GOES-15, previously known as GOES-P, is an American weather satellite, which forms part of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system operated by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The spacecraft was constructed by Boeing, and is the last of three GOES satellites to be based on the BSS-601 bus. It was launched in 2010, while the other BSS-601 GOES satellites -- GOES-13 and GOES-14—were launched in May 2006 and June 2009 respectively.[1] It was the sixteenth GOES satellite to be launched.

GOES-15 (GOES-P)
The GOES-15 satellite during pre-launch processing.
Mission typeWeather satellite
OperatorNOAA / NASA
COSPAR ID2010-008A
SATCAT no.36411
Mission duration10 years (planned)
Elapsed: 10 years, 11 months, 5 days
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeGOES-N series
BusBSS-601
ManufacturerBoeing
ITT Corporation
Power2.3 kilowatts from solar array
Start of mission
Launch date4 March 2010, 23:57 (2010-03-04UTC23:57Z) UTC
RocketDelta IV-M+(4,2)
Launch siteCape Canaveral, SLC-37B
ContractorUnited Launch Alliance
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeGeostationary
Longitude128° West
SlotGOES-West
Semi-major axis42,166 kilometres (26,201 mi)
Perigee altitude35,791.0 kilometres (22,239.5 mi)
Apogee altitude35,800.4 kilometres (22,245.3 mi)
Inclination0.2°
Period1,436.2 minutes
 
GOES-15 launches from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station SLC-37B, 4 March 2010.

Launch

GOES-15 was launched atop a Delta IV-M+(4,2) rocket flying from Space Launch Complex 37B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.[2][3] The launch occurred at 23:57 UTC on 4 March 2010, forty minutes into a sixty-minute launch window. Upon reaching geostationary orbit on 16 March, it was redesignated GOES-15.[3][4] On 6 December 2011, it was activated as the GOES-West satellite, replacing GOES-11.[5]

Design

At launch, the mass of the satellite was 3,238 kilograms (7,139 lb). It has a design life of ten years. Power is supplied by a single gallium arsenide solar panel, which provides up to 2.3 kilowatts of power. A 24 cell nickel hydrogen battery is used to provide power when the satellite is not in sunlight.[6] Instruments aboard GOES-15 include a five channel multispectral imager to capture visible light and infrared images of the continental United States, a sounder to take readings of atmospheric temperature and moisture, a solar x-ray imager to detect solar flares, and instruments to monitor the magnetosphere, cosmic background radiation and charged particles.[6]

Retirement

NOAA began to transition GOES-15 out of operational status at the GOES-West position in late 2018 to replace it with GOES-17.[7][8] GOES-15 began an eastward drift maneuver on 29 October 2018 to 128° W, with all of its sensors still functioning.[8] GOES-15's drift is intended to provide additional separation from GOES-17 to prevent communication interference. GOES-15 drifted east at a rate of 0.88° per day until 7 November 2018, when it reached its new operating location of 128° West. Once GOES-17 reached its assigned longitude on 13 November 2018, additional tests were performed; provided that testing goes well, GOES-17 will become operational as GOES-West on 10 December 2018.[8] Both GOES-17 and GOES-15 operated in tandem through early 2020 to allow for assessment of the performance of GOES-17 as the GOES-West operational satellite.[8] On March 2, 2020, GOES-15 was deactivated and moved to a storage orbit, with plans to re-activate it in August 2020 to back up GOES-17 operations due to a known flaw causing many sensors to become unreliable at night during certain times of the year.[9][10]

Media

References
  1. Krebs, Gunter. "GOES N, O, P, Q". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
  2. "GOES-P Launch Blog". NASA. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
  3. Ray, Justin. "Mission Status Center". Delta Launch Report. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
  4. "LIVE: Delta IV set to launch GOES-P weather satellite". NASAspaceflight.com. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
  5. "NOAA activates GOES-15 satellite; deactivates GOES-11 after nearly 12 years in orbit". NOAA. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
  6. "GOES-P Mission Operations Booklet" (PDF). United Launch Alliance. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
  7. "Get Ready to Drift: GOES-17 Begins Move to Its New Operational Position | NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS)". www.nesdis.noaa.gov. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
  8. "GOES-17 Transition to Operations │ GOES-R Series". www.goes-r.gov. Retrieved 2018-10-25.
  9. "GOES-16/17 Transition". NOAA. 2020-02-19. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  10. "GOES-15 is no longer sending data". CIMSS. 2020-03-02. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
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