HMS Rockwood (L39)

HMS Rockwood was a Type III, Hunt class Escort destroyer of the Royal Navy, built by Vickers-Armstrongs in Barrow-in-Furness and served during the Second World War. She was damaged in action in November 1943 by a glide bomb, not fully repaired and took no further part in the war, eventually being broken up for scrap in 1946.

History
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Rockwood
Ordered: 28 July 1940
Builder: Vickers-Armstrongs, Barrow-in-Furness
Laid down: 29 August 1941
Launched: 13 June 1942
Commissioned: 4 November 1942
Out of service: August 1946
Identification: Pennant number: L39
Honours and
awards:		 Sicily 1943, Aegean 1943, Atlantic 1944
Fate: Scrapped in 1946
Badge: On a Field Blue, issuant from rock, Black, a hurst of oaks, proper.
General characteristics
Class and type: Hunt-class destroyer
Displacement: 1,050 tons standard; 1,435 tons full load
Length: 280 ft (85 m)
Beam: 33 ft 4 in (10.16 m)
Draught: 8 ft 3 in (2.51 m)
Propulsion:
Speed: 27 knots (25½ knots full)
Range: 2,350 nmi (4,350 km) at 20 knots (37 km/h)
Complement: 168
Armament:

The "Hunt" class were named after British fox and stag hunts, in this case, the Rockwood Harriers and hounds, based in Roydhouse, West Yorkshire.[1] In January 1942 Rockwood was adopted by the civil community of Luton Rural District of Bedfordshire. [2]

Construction and design

The Hunt class was meant to fill the Royal Navy's need for a large number of small destroyer-type vessels capable of both convoy escort and operations with the fleet.

Rockwood was one of 27, Type III's and this third batch forfeited 'Y' gun turret for a pair of 21-inch torpedo tubes amidships, to increase their anti-shipping punch and the main searchlight was moved to the aft shelter deck.[3][4] The Type may also be identified by a straight funnel with a sloping top and the foremast had no rake.

She was armed with four quick-firing 4-inch Mk XVI dual-purpose guns in two twin mounts, two 21 inch torpedo tubes in a single, twin mount, with a quadruple 2-pounder "pom-pom" and Oerlikon 20 mm cannons for defence against aircraft. Anti-submarine armament consisted of stern-mounted depth charge racks and four depth charge throwers with a total of 110 depth charges carried. Type 291 and Type 285 radars were fitted, as was Type 128 sonar.

Service history

Rockwood completed acceptance trials, calibrations and worked-up with her crew during November 1942, then embarked on escort duty from Clyde to Durban, with Convoy WS 25.[5] In February 1943 she was chosen for convoy defence and patrol duties in the Eastern Mediterranean, supporting the Eighth Army's' advance into Cyrenaica. Between June and August, she escorted supply ships in support of Operations Corkscrew and Husky.

From September Rockwood was part of the Aegean Sea flotilla following the surrender of Italian forces. The patrol was tasked to intercept German troop movements around the Aegean Islands.

Loss

On 11 November 1943 in the company of destroyer HMS Petard and the Polish destroyer ORP Krakowia, Rockwood shelled Kalymnos harbour after Petard, had spotted an enemy landing craft accompanied by two caïques crowded with troops.[6] Whilst withdrawing from this mission, Rockwood was damaged by a Henschel Hs 293 glider bomb (which failed to explode) at position 36°25′N 26°52′E. During firefighting and basic repairs, it was discovered that the bomb had torn through thawing beef rations, creating a scene which the damage-control party initially mistook for a massacre:[7]

Rockwood was eventually towed to Alexandria.[8] by her sister ship HMS Blencathra, where she was declared a constructive loss, paid off in May 1944 and placed in reserve. She was scrapped at Gateshead by JJ King in August 1946.

Notes
  1. The 'Hunt' class destroyer at WW2Today.com
  2. HMS Rockwood at Naval history.net
  3. English 1987, pp. 7, 12
  4. Lenton 1970, pp. 83, 85
  5. WS (Winston’s Special) Convoys WS 21 thru to 25 (July to December 1942)
  6. Harper, pp. 125–126.
  7. Connell, 1976, p. 221
  8. Harper, p. 126.

Publications
  • Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  • English, John (1987). The Hunts: A history of the design, development and careers of the 86 destroyers of this class built for the Royal and Allied Navies during World War II. World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-44-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Friedman, Norman (2008). British Destroyers and Frigates: The Second World War and After. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-015-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds. (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lenton, H.T. (1970). Navies of the Second World War: British Fleet & Escort Destroyers Volume Two. London: Macdonald & Co. ISBN 0-356-03122-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Shores, Christopher; Massimello, Giovanni; Guest, Russell; Olynyk, Frank; Bock, Winfried (2016). A History of the Mediterranean Air War 1940–1945: Volume Three: Tunisia and the End in Africa: November 1942 – May 1943. London: Grub Street. ISBN 978-1-910690-00-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Whitley, M. J. (2000). Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Cassell & Co. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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