Identity and Democracy

Identity and Democracy (French: Identité et démocratie, ID) is a right-wing[4][5][6] to far-right[7][8][9] political group of the European Parliament, launched on 13 June 2019 for the Ninth European Parliament term. It is composed of nationalist, right-wing populist and eurosceptic national parties from ten European nations. It is the successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom group formed during the eighth term.

Identity and Democracy
European Parliament group
NameIdentity and Democracy
English abbr.ID
Formal nameIdentity and Democracy Group
IdeologyNationalism[1]
Euroscepticism[1]
Anti-immigration[1]
Right-wing populism[2]
Factions:
Identitarianism[3]
Political positionRight-wing[4][5][6] to far-right[7][8][9]
European partiesIdentity and Democracy Party
From13 June 2019
Preceded byEurope of Nations and Freedom
Chaired byMarco Zanni
MEP(s)
75 / 705
Websiteidentityanddemocracy.eu

History

On 12 June 2019, it was announced that the successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF) group would be named "Identity and Democracy" (ID), and include Italy's Lega per Salvini Premier (LSP), the French National Rally (RN) and Alternative for Germany as member parties.[10] The Finns Party is also a member of the group.[11] LN MEP Marco Zanni was announced as the new group's chairman.[12] The group, composed at that time of 73 MEPs, was launched in Brussels by RN leader Marine Le Pen on 13 June 2019.[9][8]

The Dutch Party for Freedom (PVV) failed to secure any seats at the election; however, it gained one in the post-Brexit apportionment of seats. Party leader Geert Wilders has stated his intention, once Brexit happens, to align the PVV with ID, provided that the post-Brexit apportionment is confirmed by the European Council.[13][14]

Ideology

The group broadly lists its core priorities as creating jobs and growth, increasing security, stopping illegal immigration and fighting EU bureaucracy.[15] Political commentators have variously described Identity and Democracy as nationalist, right-wing populist and eurosceptic, although the group emphasises itself as sovereigntist as opposed to "anti-European".[2]

Group members
Identity and Democracy has MEPs in 10 member states. Dark blue indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light blue indicates member states sending a single MEP.

9th European Parliament
Country National party European party MEPs
 Austria Freedom Party of Austria
Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (FPÖ)		 ID Party               
3 / 19
 Belgium Flemish Interest
Vlaams Belang (VB)		 ID Party               
3 / 21
 Czech Republic Freedom and Direct Democracy[16]
Svoboda a přímá demokracie (SPD)		 ID Party               
2 / 21
 Denmark Danish People's Party
Dansk Folkeparti (DF)		 None
1 / 14
 Estonia Conservative People's Party of Estonia
Eesti Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond (EKRE)		 ID Party               
1 / 7
 Finland Finns Party
Perussuomalaiset (PS)		 None
2 / 14
 France National Rally
Rassemblement national (RN)		 ID Party               
23 / 79
 Germany Alternative for Germany
Alternative für Deutschland (AfD)		 None
11 / 96
 Italy League
Lega		 ID Party               
28 / 76
 Netherlands Party for Freedom
Partij voor de Vrijheid (PVV)		 None
1 / 29
 European Union
Total
75 / 705

      Leadership

      References
      1. "Nationalism in the EU has a new name: 'Identity and Democracy'". Euronews. 13 June 2019.
      2. "Identity and Democracy Group: United on the Outside, Divided on the Inside? – Le portail de référence pour l'espace de liberté, sécurité et justice". 28 June 2019.
      3. "Far-right Generation Identity leaders jailed for Alpine stunt". Al Jazeera. 30 August 2019. The far-right grouping in the newly elected European Parliament has taken the name Identity and Democracy, in a sign of the growing influence of "identitarian" supremacist politics.
      4. "Greta Thunberg rains on EU climate law parade". Politico. 3 May 2020.
      5. "The European Parliament after Brexit" (PDF). Clifford Chance. 1 January 2020. p. 1.
      6. "Germany's Altmaier encourages MEPs to be more realistic". Euractiv. 16 July 2020.
      8. Cook, Lorne (13 June 2019). "Europe's populists rebrand but policies remain the same". Associated Press.
      9. "France's Le Pen unveils new far-right European Parliament group". Reuters. 13 June 2019.
      10. Weise, Zia (12 June 2019). "Salvini alliance to be named Identity and Democracy". Politico.
      11. Nikolaj Nielsen (13 June 2019). "New 'ID' far-right EU parliament group falls short". EUobserver. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
      12. Alfie Tobutt (13 June 2019). "Marine Le Pen to unveil new far-right alliance in European Parliament". Euronews. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
      13. Morgan, Sam (31 May 2019). "Post-Brexit Parliament: Winners and losers". Euractiv.
      14. "Europe's far-right politicians join forces to fight for more power". The Independent. 18 May 2019.
      15. "Parliament group priorities: Identity and Democracy". Europarl (Press release). 19 August 2019.
      16. "Extrema direita une forças para eleições europeias". Terra. 25 April 2019.
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