Inírida, Guainía

Inírida (Spanish pronunciation: [iˈniɾiða]), formerly Puerto Inírida, is the capital city, and a municipality, of the department of Guainía in Colombia. It was established in 1963 on the site of the small village of Obando, at the time in the municipality of San Felipe. The municipality was renamed in 1974.[2] The municipal population of 31,514 (Census 2018) is mostly indigenous and accounts for about a third of the department's population.[3]

For other uses, see Inírida (disambiguation).
Inírida
Municipality and city
Flag
Location of the municipality and town of Inírida, Guainía in the Guainía Department of Colombia
Inírida
Location in Colombia
Coordinates: 3°51′55″N 67°55′26″W
Country Colombia
RegionAmazon Region
DepartmentGuainía Department
Population
 (2018[1])
 • Total31,514
Time zoneUTC-05 (Colombia Standard Time)

History

Prior to 1960 there was little development in the area, which was sparsely populated[4] by almost entirely indigenous people.[5] However, in the 1990s and 2000s, with increased exploitation of the area’s natural resources, efforts have been made to control the local population.[6]

Geography

Located in the Llanos at the confluence of the Inírida River and Guaviare River, most of the territory of the municipality of Puerto Inírida is river terrace and bottomland, although there are some hills. It is 30 km from the Venezuelan border.

Climate

Inírida has a tropical rainforest climate (Af). It has heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.

Climate data for Inírida
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 32.7
(90.9)		 33.2
(91.8)		 33.0
(91.4)		 31.7
(89.1)		 30.4
(86.7)		 29.9
(85.8)		 29.9
(85.8)		 30.6
(87.1)		 31.7
(89.1)		 32.1
(89.8)		 32.0
(89.6)		 32.1
(89.8)		 31.6
(88.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.0
(80.6)		 27.4
(81.3)		 27.4
(81.3)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.2
(79.2)		 25.8
(78.4)		 25.6
(78.1)		 26.0
(78.8)		 26.5
(79.7)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.8
(80.2)		 26.9
(80.4)		 26.6
(79.9)
Average low °C (°F) 22.3
(72.1)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.8
(73.0)		 22.9
(73.2)		 22.9
(73.2)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.3
(72.1)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.3
(72.1)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.8
(73.0)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.6
(72.7)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 90.9
(3.58)		 127.4
(5.02)		 118.5
(4.67)		 293.7
(11.56)		 435.6
(17.15)		 504.4
(19.86)		 509.1
(20.04)		 398.9
(15.70)		 297.7
(11.72)		 224.3
(8.83)		 204.6
(8.06)		 123.0
(4.84)		 3,328.1
(131.03)
Average rainy days 9 10 13 19 25 25 25 23 19 17 15 12 212
Average relative humidity (%) 81 79 79 84 87 87 86 85 83 83 83 82 83
Mean monthly sunshine hours 213.9 177.9 170.5 135.0 120.9 123.0 139.5 161.2 174.0 176.7 168.0 182.9 1,943.5
Mean daily sunshine hours 6.9 6.3 5.5 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.5 5.2 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.3
Source: [7]

Economy

The main economic activities in the municipality, aside from government, are agriculture, fishing[8] and cattle raising.[9] Agriculture includes subsistence farming,[10] the production of fiber from the petioles of the young chiquichiqui palm (Bactris speciosa), used for rope, and the rattan known as "Yaré" used for furniture and baskets.

Tourists visit for several activities including fishing, canoeing, sightseeing and hiking. Hotels and hostels have appeared as national and international visitors continue to come. Handicrafts have now become a popular industry, and are supported by government institutions.

Demographics

The society of Inírida is composed of 53% of indigenous people: Kurripacos, Puinaves and Piapocos. 30% are colonizers from the other parts of Colombia and 17% are other indigenous ethnic groups.[11]

Transportation

Airports

The local airport is César Gaviria Trujillo Airport (IATA: PDA, ICAO: SKPD), named in honor of a former Colombian president. As of 2007, its runway is serviced by two airlines, Satena,[12] which has three flights a week to and from Bogotá and two flights a week to and from Villavicencio, and Air Colombia, which flies twice a week from the city of Villavicencio, through Barrancominas, Guainía and then arriving at Inírida. This airline operates a Douglas DC-3 which makes the trip an entire adventure. However, the San Fernando de Atabapo airport in Venezuela is just 30 km away. There is also a cargo airline that flies twice a week from Bogotà only. The airport was formerly known as Aeropuerto Obando.

It is also possible to get to Inírida by the river, but the trip is long and costs almost the same as the flight. Traveling by the river it takes several hours, or even days, depending on the type of craft taken.

Public transportation

With the arrival of more and more people, a public transportation mechanism has been established. Around 500 auto rickshaws provide an efficient and inexpensive means of transportation. The standard fare (which covers almost all the destinations within the town) is around US $.50. There are also mini-vans available for large groups; the fare remains US $.50 per person.

Notes
  1. https://www.dane.gov.co/files/varios/informacion-capital-DANE-2019.pdf
  2. "Decreto Número 1593 de 1974 (Agosto 5)" Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi (IGAC), Colombia (Colombian Presidential Decree #1593 of 5 August 1974)
  3. https://www.dane.gov.co/files/varios/informacion-capital-DANE-2019.pdf
  4. City populations of Colombia
  5. Suárez, Carlos Alberto et al. (2003) Colombia: Guía Enciclopédica NORMA, Bogotá, D.E., pp. 114-115, ISBN 958-04-6806-0
  6. "Captured fourteen Brazilian illegal ones in Puerto Inírida" 19 August 2005;
  7. http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
  8. Castro, Dario M. (1988) Algunos aspectos de la pesca ornamental en Puerto Iñírida, Museo del Mar, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Bogotá, D.E.
  9. Mejía Gutiérrez, Mario and Mejía Fernández, Fernando (1980) Puerto Inírida, Comisaría del Guainía : economía básica Corporación Araracuara, Departamento Administrativo de Intendencias y Comisarías, Bogotá, D.E.
  10. Triana, Gloria (1985) Los Puinaves del Inírida:: formas de subsistencia y mecanismos de adaptación Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.E.
  11. DIMAR.MIL.CO
  12. Servicio Aéreo Territorios Nacionales SATENA
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