Ja (Javanese)

is one of syllable in Javanese script that represent the sound /dʒɔ/, /dʒa/. It is transliterated to Latin as "ja" or "ya", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "jo" or "yo". It has another form (pasangan), which is ◌꧀ꦗ, but represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A997.[1][2][3]

For a more general overview encompassing other Indic scripts, see Ja (Indic)
ja
Aksara nglegenaAksara pasangan
Javanese script
Latin orthographyja
Phoneme[dʒ]
UnicodeU+A997

Pasangan

It's pasangan form ◌꧀ꦗ, is located on the bottom side of the previous syllable. For example, ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦗꦫꦤ꧀ - anak jaran (little horse).

Extended form

The letter ꦗ doesn't have a murda form.

Using cecak telu (ꦗ꦳), the syllable represents /f/.

ꦗ with a cerek () is called Nya murda.

Mahaprana

Mahaprana letters were originally aspirated consonants used in Sanskrit and Kawi transliterations. However, there are no aspirated consonants in modern Javanese. The mahaprana form of is .

Glyphs


Nglegena formsPasangan forms
 ya ꦗꦃ yah ꦗꦁ yang ꦗꦂ yar ◌꧀ꦗ -ya ◌꧀ꦗꦃ -yah ◌꧀ꦗꦁ -yang ◌꧀ꦗꦂ -yar
ꦗꦺ ye ꦗꦺꦃ yeh ꦗꦺꦁ yeng ꦗꦺꦂ yer ◌꧀ꦗꦺ -ye ◌꧀ꦗꦺꦃ -yeh ◌꧀ꦗꦺꦁ -yeng ◌꧀ꦗꦺꦂ -yer
ꦗꦼ  ꦗꦼꦃ yêh ꦗꦼꦁ yêng ꦗꦼꦂ yêr ◌꧀ꦗꦼ -yê ◌꧀ꦗꦼꦃ -yêh ◌꧀ꦗꦼꦁ -yêng ◌꧀ꦗꦼꦂ -yêr
ꦗꦶ yi ꦗꦶꦃ yih ꦗꦶꦁ ying ꦗꦶꦂ yir ◌꧀ꦗꦶ -yi ◌꧀ꦗꦶꦃ -yih ◌꧀ꦗꦶꦁ -ying ◌꧀ꦗꦶꦂ -yir
ꦗꦺꦴ yo ꦗꦺꦴꦃ yoh ꦗꦺꦴꦁ yong ꦗꦺꦴꦂ yor ◌꧀ꦗꦺꦴ -yo ◌꧀ꦗꦺꦴꦃ -yoh ◌꧀ꦗꦺꦴꦁ -yong ◌꧀ꦗꦺꦴꦂ -yor
ꦗꦸ yu ꦗꦸꦃ yuh ꦗꦸꦁ yung ꦗꦸꦂ yur ◌꧀ꦗꦸ -yu ◌꧀ꦗꦸꦃ -yuh ◌꧀ꦗꦸꦁ -yung ◌꧀ꦗꦸꦂ -yur
ꦗꦿ yra ꦗꦿꦃ yrah ꦗꦿꦁ yrang ꦗꦿꦂ yrar ◌꧀ꦗꦿ -yra ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦃ -yrah ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦁ -yrang ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦂ -yrar
ꦗꦿꦺ yre ꦗꦿꦺꦃ yreh ꦗꦿꦺꦁ yreng ꦗꦿꦺꦂ yrer ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺ -yre ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺꦃ -yreh ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺꦁ -yreng ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺꦂ -yrer
ꦗꦽ yrê ꦗꦽꦃ yrêh ꦗꦽꦁ yrêng ꦗꦽꦂ yrêr ◌꧀ꦗꦽ -yrê ◌꧀ꦗꦽꦃ -yrêh ◌꧀ꦗꦽꦁ -yrêng ◌꧀ꦗꦽꦂ -yrêr
ꦗꦿꦶ yri ꦗꦿꦶꦃ yrih ꦗꦿꦶꦁ yring ꦗꦿꦶꦂ yrir ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦶ -yri ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦶꦃ -yrih ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦶꦁ -yring ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦶꦂ -yrir
ꦗꦿꦺꦴ yro ꦗꦿꦺꦴꦃ yroh ꦗꦿꦺꦴꦁ yrong ꦗꦿꦺꦴꦂ yror ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺꦴ -yro ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺꦴꦃ -yroh ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺꦴꦁ -yrong ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦺꦴꦂ -yror
ꦗꦿꦸ yru ꦗꦿꦸꦃ yruh ꦗꦿꦸꦁ yrung ꦗꦿꦸꦂ yrur ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦸ -yru ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦸꦃ -yruh ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦸꦁ -yrung ◌꧀ꦗꦿꦸꦂ -yrur
ꦗꦾ yya ꦗꦾꦃ yyah ꦗꦾꦁ yyang ꦗꦾꦂ yyar ◌꧀ꦗꦾ -yya ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦃ -yyah ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦁ -yyang ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦂ -yyar
ꦗꦾꦺ yye ꦗꦾꦺꦃ yyeh ꦗꦾꦺꦁ yyeng ꦗꦾꦺꦂ yyer ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺ -yye ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺꦃ -yyeh ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺꦁ -yyeng ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺꦂ -yyer
ꦗꦾꦼ yyê ꦗꦾꦼꦃ yyêh ꦗꦾꦼꦁ yyêng ꦗꦾꦼꦂ yyêr ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦼ -yyê ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦼꦃ -yyêh ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦼꦁ -yyêng ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦼꦂ -yyêr
ꦗꦾꦶ yyi ꦗꦾꦶꦃ yyih ꦗꦾꦶꦁ yying ꦗꦾꦶꦂ yyir ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦶ -yyi ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦶꦃ -yyih ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦶꦁ -yying ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦶꦂ -yyir
ꦗꦾꦺꦴ yyo ꦗꦾꦺꦴꦃ yyoh ꦗꦾꦺꦴꦁ yyong ꦗꦾꦺꦴꦂ yyor ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺꦴ -yyo ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺꦴꦃ -yyoh ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺꦴꦁ -yyong ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦺꦴꦂ -yyor
ꦗꦾꦸ yyu ꦗꦾꦸꦃ yyuh ꦗꦾꦸꦁ yyung ꦗꦾꦸꦂ yyur ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦸ -yyu ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦸꦃ -yyuh ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦸꦁ -yyung ◌꧀ꦗꦾꦸꦂ -yyur
Other forms
Nglegena formsPasangan forms
ꦗ꦳ za ꦗ꦳ꦃ zah ꦗ꦳ꦁ zang ꦗ꦳ꦂ zar ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ -za ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦃ -zah ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦁ -zang ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦂ -zar
ꦗ꦳ꦺ ze ꦗ꦳ꦺꦃ zeh ꦗ꦳ꦺꦁ zeng ꦗ꦳ꦺꦂ zer ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺ -ze ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺꦃ -zeh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺꦁ -zeng ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺꦂ -zer
ꦗ꦳ꦼ  ꦗ꦳ꦼꦃ zêh ꦗ꦳ꦼꦁ zêng ꦗ꦳ꦼꦂ zêr ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦼ -zê ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦼꦃ -zêh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦼꦁ -zêng ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦼꦂ -zêr
ꦗ꦳ꦶ zi ꦗ꦳ꦶꦃ zih ꦗ꦳ꦶꦁ zing ꦗ꦳ꦶꦂ zir ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦶ -zi ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦶꦃ -zih ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦶꦁ -zing ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦶꦂ -zir
ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴ zo ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ zoh ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ zong ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ zor ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴ -zo ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ -zoh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ -zong ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ -zor
ꦗ꦳ꦸ zu ꦗ꦳ꦸꦃ zuh ꦗ꦳ꦸꦁ zung ꦗ꦳ꦸꦂ zur ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦸ -zu ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦸꦃ -zuh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦸꦁ -zung ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦸꦂ -zur
ꦗ꦳ꦿ zra ꦗ꦳ꦿꦃ zrah ꦗ꦳ꦿꦁ zrang ꦗ꦳ꦿꦂ zrar ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿ -zra ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦃ -zrah ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦁ -zrang ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦂ -zrar
ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺ zre ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ zreh ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ zreng ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ zrer ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺ -zre ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ -zreh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ -zreng ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ -zrer
ꦗ꦳ꦽ zrê ꦗ꦳ꦽꦃ zrêh ꦗ꦳ꦽꦁ zrêng ꦗ꦳ꦽꦂ zrêr ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦽ -zrê ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦽꦃ -zrêh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦽꦁ -zrêng ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦽꦂ -zrêr
ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶ zri ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ zrih ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ zring ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ zrir ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶ -zri ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ -zrih ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ -zring ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ -zrir
ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ zro ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ zroh ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ zrong ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ zror ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ -zro ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ -zroh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ -zrong ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ -zror
ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸ zru ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ zruh ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ zrung ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ zrur ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸ -zru ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ -zruh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ -zrung ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ -zrur
ꦗ꦳ꦾ zyaꦗ꦳ꦾꦃ zyahꦗ꦳ꦾꦁ zyangꦗ꦳ꦾꦂ zyar ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾ -zya ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦃ -zyah ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦁ -zyang ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦂ -zyar
ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺ zyeꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ zyehꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ zyengꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ zyer ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺ -zye ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ -zyeh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ -zyeng ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ -zyer
ꦗ꦳ꦾꦼ zyêꦗ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ zyêhꦗ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ zyêngꦗ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ zyêr ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦼ -zyê ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ -zyêh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ -zyêng ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ -zyêr
ꦗ꦳ꦾꦶ zyiꦗ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ zyihꦗ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ zyingꦗ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ zyir ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦶ -zyi ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ -zyih ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ -zying ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ -zyir
ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ zyoꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ zyohꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ zyongꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ zyor ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ -zyo ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ -zyoh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ -zyong ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ -zyor
ꦗ꦳ꦾꦸ zyuꦗ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ zyuhꦗ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ zyungꦗ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ zyur ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦸ -zyu ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ -zyuh ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ -zyung ◌꧀ꦗ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ -zyur

Unicode block

Javanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.

Javanese[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+A98x
U+A99x
U+A9Ax
U+A9Bx ꦿ
U+A9Cx
U+A9Dx
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 13.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

References

  1. Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
  2. Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
  3. Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.


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