Jepara

Jepara is a town in the province of Central Java, Indonesia. Jepara is on the north coast of Java, north-east of Semarang, not far from Mount Muria, with a population of 92,967 in mid 2019.[2] It is also the main town of Jepara Regency, which has a population of about 1,258,000 (in 2019).[3] Jepara is known for the Javanese teak wood carving art as well as the birthplace of Kartini, a pioneer in the area of women's rights for Indonesians.

Jepara City

Kota Jepara
City
Jepara Monument near the city square
Nickname(s): 
The World Carving Centre
Jepara City
Location of Jepara City in Indonesia
Coordinates: 6°32′0″S 110°40′0″E
CountryIndonesia
ProvinceCentral Java
RegencyJepara Regency
Area
 • Total24.667 km2 (9.524 sq mi)
Elevation
768 m (2,520 ft)
Population
 (mid 2019)
 • Total1,257,912
 • Density51,000/km2 (130,000/sq mi)
 [1]
Time zoneUTC+7 (WIB)
Website

Demographics

The population is almost entirely Javanese and over 98% Muslim.

The village of Plajan and the village of Tempur have a comparatively multi-religious population.[4]

Economy

Jepara is known for its furniture industry, notably the teak furniture. The trade has brought considerable prosperity to Jepara, well above the average for Central Java. Since there is a large export trade, the fall in the value of the rupiah against the U.S. dollar and other currencies has probably led to an increase in income for the [furniture makers].

History
Jepara city views around the year 1650

People believed to have come from South Yunnan region migrated into the northern tip of Java during a time when Jepara was still separated by the Juwana Strait.

1858 map of Jepara

In the 16th century, Jepara was an important port; in early 1513, its king, Yunnus (Pati Unus) led an attack against Portuguese Malacca. His force is said to have been made up of one hundred ships and 5000 men from Jepara and Palembang but was defeated. Between 1518 and 1521 he apparently ruled over Demak. The rule of Ratu ('Queen') Kalinyamat in the latter 16th century was, however, Jepara's most influential. Jepara again attacked Malacca in 1551 this time with Johor but was defeated, and in 1574 besieged Malacca for three months.[5]

It was the site of an English Fort in the 17th century. It is the birthplace of Indonesian national heroine Kartini.

Contemporary Jepara

The population is almost entirely Javanese and over 95% Muslim. As a pesisir ('coastal') area many traders from around the world landed in Jepara centuries ago. As a result, some of Jepara's resident have at part European, Chinese, Arabs, Malay or Bugis ancestry.

The town is renowned its furniture industry. The trade has brought considerable prosperity to Jepara, well above the average for Central Java.

Climate

Jepara has a tropical monsoon climate (Am) with moderate to little rainfall from May to October and heavy to very heavy rainfall from November to April.

Climate data for Jepara
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 30.6
(87.1)		 30.5
(86.9)		 30.9
(87.6)		 31.8
(89.2)		 31.9
(89.4)		 32.1
(89.8)		 32.5
(90.5)		 33.3
(91.9)		 34.2
(93.6)		 34.2
(93.6)		 33.1
(91.6)		 31.7
(89.1)		 32.2
(90.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.4
(79.5)		 26.4
(79.5)		 26.5
(79.7)		 27.2
(81.0)		 27.1
(80.8)		 26.8
(80.2)		 26.5
(79.7)		 26.9
(80.4)		 27.7
(81.9)		 28.2
(82.8)		 27.8
(82.0)		 26.9
(80.4)		 27.0
(80.7)
Average low °C (°F) 22.2
(72.0)		 22.3
(72.1)		 22.2
(72.0)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.4
(72.3)		 21.5
(70.7)		 20.6
(69.1)		 20.6
(69.1)		 21.3
(70.3)		 22.2
(72.0)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.2
(72.0)		 21.9
(71.4)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 646
(25.4)		 481
(18.9)		 363
(14.3)		 180
(7.1)		 103
(4.1)		 55
(2.2)		 27
(1.1)		 20
(0.8)		 41
(1.6)		 86
(3.4)		 199
(7.8)		 442
(17.4)		 2,643
(104.1)
Source: Climate-Data.org[6]

Kingdoms
  • Mosque in Jepara, Pati Regency

Notes
  1. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
  2. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
  3. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
  4. "Central Java Village Shows That Unity in Diversity Is Possible." Jakarta Globe. Retrieved on August 26, 2015.
  5. Ricklefs, M.C. (1991). A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1300, 2nd Edition. London: MacMillan. p. 38. ISBN 0-333-57689-6.
  6. "Climate: Jepara". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 15 November 2020.

References
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