Time in Indonesia

The Indonesian archipelago geographically stretches across four time zones from UTC+06:00 in Aceh to UTC+09:00 in Western New Guinea. However, the Indonesian government recognizes only three time zones in its territory:

Time in Indonesia:
  UTC+07:00 – Western Indonesia Time (WIB)
  UTC+08:00 – Central Indonesia Time (WITA)
  UTC+09:00 – Eastern Indonesia Time (WIT)

The boundary between the Western and Central time zones was established as a line running north between Java and Bali through the provincial boundaries of West and Central Kalimantan. The border between the Central and Eastern time zones runs north from the eastern tip of Timor to the eastern tip of Sulawesi.

Daylight saving time is currently not observed anywhere in Indonesia.

Current usage

In Indonesia, the keeping of standard time is divided into three time zones:

Time zone nameName in IndonesianCurrent time and abbreviationUTC offsetWIT offsetArea coveredPopulation[1]
Western Indonesia TimeWaktu Indonesia Barat18:24, 5 February 2021 WIB [refresh]UTC+07:00WIT-1hSumatra, Java, West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan 207,485,712
Central Indonesia TimeWaktu Indonesia Tengah19:24, 5 February 2021 WITA [refresh]UTC+08:00WIT+/-0hSouth Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara 40,840,394
Eastern Indonesia TimeWaktu Indonesia Timur20:24, 5 February 2021 WIT [refresh]UTC+09:00WIT+1hMaluku, North Maluku, West Papua and Papua 6,855,338

These time zones were first observed on 1 January 1988 (according to Presidential Decree 41/1987).[2] Prior to that date, West and Central Kalimantan used WITA, while Bali belonged to WIB (since 29 November 1963).[3]

Historical usage

During the colonial era,[4] the time zones in Indonesia (Dutch East Indies) were regulated as follows:

Standardized Time Zone (Indonesia 1932)

Daylight saving time was observed in Jakarta [6] from 1 May 1948 to 1 May 1950, with UTC offset during daylight saving time at UTC+08:00.

Daylight saving time was observed from 1 November 1932 to 23 March 1942, and from 23 September 1945 to 1 January 1964, except in West Irian, which observed it until 1944. Jakarta, observed daylight saving time only from 1 May 1948 to 1 May 1950.

From 23 March 1942 to 23 September 1945, all regions in Indonesia except West Irian used Japan Standard Time (JST) (UTC+09:00) for the sake of the effectiveness of Japanese military operations in Indonesia[6] This meant that western parts of Indonesia observed double daylight saving time and central parts of Indonesia were on daylight saving time during the period of Japanese occupation 1942–1945.

Proposal for a single time zone
Date Event
12 March 2012Coordinating Minister for the Economy Hatta Rajasa is reported to have said: "According to research, with a single time zone the country could cut costs by trillions of rupiah," [7]
26 May 2012The Jakarta Post reported on 26 May 2012 that a single time zone using UTC+08:00 may start on 28 October 2012.[8]
30 July 2012Reported on 30 July 2012 as still on the agenda[9]
31 August 2012Jakarta Globe reported on 31 August 2012 that a single time zone is now put on hold.[10] The Indonesian Economic Development Committee (KP3EI) cited that they will need at least 3 months to communicate and plan for the change. Hence this could happen in 2013.
30 January 2013A deputy minister said the idea has been abandoned after missed two target dates: 17 August (Independence day) and 28 October 2012 (Youth Pledge day) [11]
9 September 2013Then the minister said that it's not abandoned, only without any definite date [12]

IANA time zone database

The IANA time zone database contains four zones for Indonesia in the file zone.tab.

  • Asia/Jakarta
  • Asia/Pontianak
  • Asia/Makassar
  • Asia/Jayapura

See also

Notes
  1. Statistics Indonesia (November 2015). "Result of the 2015 Intercensal Population Census" (PDF). Retrieved 10 June 2018.
  2. Soeharto (26 November 1987). "Keputusan Presiden No. 41 Tahun 1987" (PDF). Keputusan Presiden No. 41 tahun 1987. BAPPENAS. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  3. "Indonesia Pernah Ubah 9 Kali Zona Waktu". Viva.co.id. 28 May 2012. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  4. "Garuda Indonesian Airways". timetableimages.com. 1963. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  5. "Time Zone in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia". timeanddate.com. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  6. "Time Zone & Clock Changes in Jakarta, Jakarta Special Capital Region, Indonesia". timeanddate.com. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 May 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. Post, The Jakarta. "Single time zone may begin in late October". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  9. "Indonesia to implement single time zone". khabarsoutheastasia.com. Archived from the original on 31 July 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  10. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. http://bisnis.news.viva.co.id/news/read/386333-penyatuan-zona-waktu-indonesia-batal
  12. Okezone. "Hatta : Penyatuan Zona Waktu Tidak Batal : Okezone Economy". okezone.com. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
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