Julie Payette

Julie Payette CC CMM COM CQ CD (French pronunciation: ​[ʒyli pajɛt]; born October 20, 1963) is a Canadian engineer, scientist and former astronaut who served as Governor General of Canada from 2017 to 2021. She was the 29th since Canadian Confederation.[2][3][4]

The Right Honourable

Julie Payette

CC CMM COM CQ CD
Payette in 2017
29th Governor General of Canada
In office
October 2, 2017 – January 21, 2021
MonarchElizabeth II
Prime MinisterJustin Trudeau
Preceded byDavid Johnston
Succeeded byRichard Wagner
as Administrator[1]
Personal details
Born (1963-10-20) October 20, 1963
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Spouse(s)
François Brissette
​
​
(m. 1992; div. 1999)​

William Flynn
​
​
(m. 2001; div. 2015)​
ChildrenLaurier Flynn-Payette
Alma mater
Signature
Space career
CSA astronaut
Time in space
25 days 11 h 57 min
Selection1992 CSA Group
MissionsSTS-96, STS-127
Mission insignia

Payette holds engineering degrees from McGill University and the University of Toronto. She worked as a research scientist before joining the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) in 1992 as a member of the Canadian Astronaut Corps. She completed two spaceflights, STS-96 and STS-127, and has logged more than 25 days in space. She also served as capsule communicator at NASA Mission Control Center in Houston and from 2000 to 2007 as CSA's chief astronaut.

In July 2013, Payette was named chief operating officer for the Montreal Science Centre. She also held a number of board appointments, including the National Bank of Canada.[5] On July 13, 2017, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced that Queen Elizabeth II had approved the appointment of Payette as the next governor general of Canada.[2][3][6] She was invested on October 2, 2017.[7]

Payette resigned on January 21, 2021, following the conclusion of a workplace review that found she had "belittled, berated and publicly humiliated Rideau Hall staff" and "created a toxic, verbally abusive workplace". The review was initiated by the Privy Council Office to investigate accusations of harassment of civil servants in the Office of the Governor General.[1] She is the second governor general to have resigned the office, after Roméo LeBlanc (who resigned due to health issues), the first to resign due to scandal, and the first to have left a vacancy upon resignation.[8][9]

Education and early career

Payette was born on October 20, 1963, in Montreal, Quebec,[10] and lived in the Ahuntsic neighbourhood, attending Collège Mont-Saint-Louis and Collège Regina Assumpta.[11][12] In 1982 she completed an International Baccalaureate diploma at the United World College of the Atlantic in South Wales, United Kingdom.[13]

For her undergraduate studies, Payette enrolled in McGill University where she completed a Bachelor of Engineering degree in electrical engineering in 1986, after which she completed a Master of Applied Science degree in computer engineering at the University of Toronto in 1990. Her thesis focused on computational linguistics, a field of artificial intelligence.[11][14][15] She is a retired member of the Ordre des ingénieurs du Québec.[16][17]

During her schooling, between 1986 and 1988, Payette also worked as a systems engineer for IBM Canada's Science Engineering division. From 1988 to 1990, as a graduate student at the University of Toronto, she was involved in a high-performance computer architecture project and worked as a teaching assistant. At the beginning of 1991, Payette joined the communications and science department of the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory in Switzerland, for a one-year visiting scientist appointment. When she returned to Canada, in January 1992, she joined the Speech Research Group of Bell-Northern Research in Montreal where she was responsible for a project in telephone speech comprehension using computer voice recognition.[18]

Canadian Space Agency
Payette's official portrait from STS-96

Payette was selected by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) as one of four astronauts from a field of 5,330 applicants in June 1992. After undergoing basic training in Canada, she worked as a technical advisor for the Mobile Servicing System, an advanced robotics system and Canada's contribution to the International Space Station.[17] In 1993, Payette established the Human-Computer Interaction Group at the Canadian Astronaut Program and served as a technical specialist on the NATO International Research Study Group on speech processing.

In preparation for a space assignment, Payette obtained her commercial pilot licence and logged 120 hours as a research operator on reduced gravity aircraft. In April 1996, Payette was certified as a one-atmosphere deep sea diving suit operator. Payette obtained her captaincy on the CT-114 Tutor military jet at CFB Moose Jaw in February 1996 and her military instrument rating in 1997. Payette has logged more than 1,300 hours of flight time,[14] including 600 hours on high-performance jet aircraft.

Payette reported to the Johnson Space Center in August 1996 to begin mission specialist training. After completing one year of training, she was assigned to work on the Mobile Servicing System.[19] Payette completed the initial astronaut training in April 1998.[20]

Spaceflight experience
Payette aboard the Kibo laboratory of the International Space Station during STS-127

Payette served as chief astronaut for the Canadian Space Agency from 2000 to 2007. She also worked as capsule communicator at the Mission Control Center in Houston for several years, including the return to flight mission STS-114. She was lead capsule communicator during STS-121.[14]

STS-96

Payette flew on the Space Shuttle Discovery from May 27 to June 6, 1999, as part of the crew of STS-96. During the mission, the crew performed the first manual docking of the shuttle to the International Space Station, and delivered four tons of logistics and supplies to the station. On Discovery, Payette served as a mission specialist. Her main responsibility was to operate the Canadarm robotic arm from the space station.[21] The STS-96 mission was accomplished in 153 orbits of the Earth, traveling over six million kilometres (3,700,000 mi) in 9 days, 19 hours and 13 minutes. Payette became the first Canadian to participate in an ISS assembly mission and to board the Space Station.[17]

STS-127

Payette visited the space station again in 2009 as a mission specialist aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour during mission STS-127 from July 15 to 31, 2009, and was the flight engineer and lead robotic operator during the mission.[22] At that time, Robert Thirsk was a member of Expedition 20 on the space station. Endeavour's docking at the space station marked the first time two Canadians met in space.[23]

During her second mission, Payette brought a signed sweater of the famed Montreal Canadiens player Maurice Richard, stating she had brought Richard, who was known as "The Rocket", into the rocket to celebrate the hockey team's 100th anniversary.[24]

Post-CSA
Several notable Canadians, including Payette (right back), carrying the Olympic flag at the 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in Vancouver

During 2010–2011, she worked at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C., and was also a scientific delegate to the United States for the Quebec Government.[25] [26][27]

For the next three years, Payette was chief operating officer of the Montreal Science Centre of the Société du Vieux-Port de Montréal.[28] During that time, she was also a vice president of the Canada Lands Company.[29][30] She abruptly left the Science Centre after a prolonged strike, as she was tired of the battles that came with her position.[31] Prior to her departure numerous employees came forward alleging verbal abuse that created a hostile working environment, as Payette was "intimidating" and "determined to be very hands-on and in control of every aspect".[32]

In April 2016, Payette was appointed to the board of the Canadian Olympic Committee, and attended the 2016 Summer Olympics. She left the Canadian Olympic Committee in 2017 after two internal investigations into her treatment of staff including verbal harassment.[33] In about 2017, she was appointed to the International Olympic Committee's Women in Sports Commission.[27][34]

Payette has served on boards of directors, at Queen's University, Canada's Own the Podium Olympic program, Montreal Science Centre foundation, Robotique FIRST Québec, Drug Free Kids Canada, the Montreal Bach Festival, the National Bank of Canada, Développement Aéroport Saint-Hubert de Longueuil, and others. She is a member of the Ordre des ingénieurs du Québec and a fellow of the International Academy of Astronautics. As well, Payette is a member of the Faculty of Engineering Advisory Board of McGill University.[27]

Tenure as governor general

Payette was announced on July 13, 2017, as Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's recommendation to be the 29th Governor General of Canada. She was scheduled to take office October 2, 2017, after the completion of briefings from the incumbent, David Johnston.[35] After the announcement was made, Johnston issued a statement congratulating Payette and welcoming "a Canadian of extraordinary achievement, admired by all".[36]

As governor general-designate, Payette had her first official meeting with Queen Elizabeth II on September 20, 2017, at Balmoral Castle, when she was also invested by Her Majesty as an extraordinary Companion of the Order of Canada (CC), an extraordinary Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM), and a Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (COM).[37]

Payette was installed as governor general on October 2, 2017. Afterwards, she urged Canadians to work together on issues such as climate change, migration and poverty. "Anyone can accomplish anything and rise to the challenge as long as they are willing to work with others, to let go of the personal agenda, to reach a higher goal and to do what is right for the common good. This is exactly what I hope my mandate as the governor-general will reflect", Payette said.[38]

Reevaluating the role of governor general

As she was completing her first year as the viceregal representative in September 2018, Payette faced some criticism about controversial comments she had made against those who believe in creationism and those who did not believe in climate change. At the Canadian Science Policy Conference the next month, she argued strongly for greater public acceptance of science, saying that too many people believe in astrology, deny climate change, and believe that "maybe taking a sugar pill will cure cancer".[39] A Skeptical Inquirer article described her remarks as "refreshing". George Dvorsky from Gizmodo.com stated "Her words were a breath of fresh air".[40]

In subsequent comments, Payette emphasized the importance of debate and critical thinking but admitted that she was still growing into her role and needed more time to adapt to the position. "I learned that you have to be careful about how you say things, but not what you say", she added.[41] Some time later, she offered an additional explanation to CPAC. "I made a speech as I had as an astronaut and I'm not an astronaut any longer, I'm governor general. I represent all Canadians. I've learned those lessons."[42]

Weeks later, she faced criticism about her work ethic, with some suggesting that she had not devoted enough time and dedication to the role of governor general and had not visited several of the provinces in her nearly 12-month tenure.[42] The Toronto Star published specifics confirming the more numerous appearances her two predecessors had made per year.[43] Rideau Hall spokesperson Marie-Ève Létourneau said that "The first year of every mandate is a period of learning, adjustment and adaptation from both the Governor General and Rideau Hall staff."[44] The Governor General office's lengthy review of patronage activities, that her predecessors had automatically done by longstanding tradition, left several established non-profit groups without committed support from the office and facing organizational changes.[45]

Later in September, the Governor General's office confirmed that Payette would not preside over the 2018 Governor General's History Awards ceremony.[46]

On September 27, Payette acknowledged the articles that had painted an "unfavourable image of our work" in an e-mail to staff, expressed regret about the effect of the criticisms on morale, and assured them that she was "very proud of all we have achieved together to date".[42]

During Payette's tenure, the media raised issues of questionable spending projects at Rideau Hall due to her unreasonable demands for privacy from the public and security, and her refusal to move in to Rideau Hall after renovations were complete.[47][48]

Allegations of abuse
Main article: 2020–2021 Rideau Hall workplace review

On July 21, 2020, CBC News reported that Payette had allegedly created a toxic work environment at Rideau Hall by verbally abusing employees.[49] Two days later, spurred on by the CBC News report, the Privy Council Office formally launched an investigation into her conduct.[50] Many former employees of the Montreal Science Center told the National Post they witnessed similarly abusive behaviour by Payette in her time at the institution, although others described her behaviour as the result of rigorously high standards.[31] Payette said that she supported the investigation into the workplace harassment.[1]

Resignation

On January 21, 2021, in what CBC News described as "an unprecedented move", Payette resigned as governor general after the completion of an independent workplace review of several claims of workplace harassment (in the form of, "belittl[ing], berat[ing] and publicly humiliat[ing]" staff), as remaining in her post "would risk inflicting serious damage on the office".[51] The secretary to the governor-general, Assunta di Lorenzo, who is also Payette's friend, resigned the same day.[47] Richard Wagner, the chief justice of Canada, was sworn in as administrator on January 23, 2021.[52]

Trudeau was criticized by 15 sources interviewed by CBC for failing to vet Payette properly, as the PMO did not conduct checks with Payette's past employers (Montreal Science Centre and Canadian Olympic Committee) that could have uncovered that her style and temperament were not suited for the diplomatically sensitive and public role of Governor General.[53][54]

As a result of her resignation, renewed scrutiny arose around the pension and benefits afforded to retired governors general. She is entitled to a lifetime pension of nearly $150,000 and also to claim an additional $206,000 in expenses each year. Carleton University academic Philippe Lagassé has speculated that Payette's decision to resign may have been motivated by her desire to protect her entitlements, as parliament would be unlikely to retroactively reduce them.[55]

Personal life

Payette has been married twice, first to François Brissette in the 1990s,[56] and secondly to William Flynn, with whom she had a son in 2003,[57] and from whom she divorced in 2015.[58] She is fluent in French (her mother tongue) and English, and can converse in Spanish, German, Italian and Russian. Payette plays the piano and has sung with the Montreal Symphony Orchestra, Tafelmusik Chamber Choir.[59] Currently, she sings with the Ottawa Bach Choir.[60] Among her other hobbies are running, skiing, racquet sports, and scuba diving.[17]

In Maryland, Payette was driving and struck and killed a pedestrian who had stepped off a curb in July 2011. The case was closed without charges in April 2012 as she was found not at fault. Payette was charged with second degree assault in Maryland, on November 24, 2011. At least one anonymously quoted source has alleged that the victim of the assault was her then-husband, Billie Flynn. Though the charges were later dropped, the couple split several weeks later and subsequently divorced. Payette has stated that charges were "unfounded" but refused to comment further on the circumstances leading to her being charged with assault.[61] These incidents raised questions on the vetting process as she had been selected by Prime Minister Trudeau without consulting an ad hoc committee of experts, the means by which outgoing Governor General David Johnston had been selected by the previous Conservative government of Stephen Harper. Once Payette was named Governor General-designate, media organizations pressed for the release of the divorce records, which Payette initially attempted to keep sealed before abandoning the bid.[62][63]

Titles, styles, honours, and arms

Titles
  • October 2, 2017 – January 21, 2021: Her Excellency the Right Honourable Julie Payette, Governor General and Commander-in-Chief in and over Canada[64][65]
  • January 21, 2021 – present: The Right Honourable Julie Payette

Honours
Ribbon bars of Julie Payette

Appointments

  • 2000 – Knight of the National Order of Quebec
  • 2001 – Knight of Ordre de la Pléiade de l'Association des parlementaires de langue française
  • June 10, 2010 – Member of the Canadian Aviation Hall of Fame[66]
  • May 6, 2010 – September 20, 2017: Officer of the Order of Canada (OC)
    • September 20, 2017 – October 2, 2017: Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)[67]
    • October 2, 2017 – January 21, 2021: Chancellor and Principal and extraordinary Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)
    • January 21, 2021- : Extraordinary Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)
  • 2013 – Academy of Great Montrealers (Scientific category)[68]
  • 2016 – Commander of the Order of Montreal[68]
  • September 20, 2017 – October 2, 2017: Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)[67]
    • October 2, 2017 – January 21, 2021: Chancellor and extraordinary Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)
    • January 21, 2021- : Extraordinary Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)[67]
  • September 20, 2017 – October 2, 2017: Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (COM)[69]
    • October 2, 2017 – January 21, 2021: Chancellor and Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (COM)
    • January 21, 2021 - : Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (COM)
  • October 2, 2017 – Patron Scout of Canada
  • October 2, 2017 – Honorary Chief Commissioner of the Canadian Coast Guard
  • January 21, 2021 – Dame of Justice of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (DStJ)

Medals

Foreign honours

Honorary military appointments

Honorary degrees

Payette holds 28 honorary doctorates,[72] Some of the honorary degrees she has received:

Honorific eponyms

Schools

Other honours

Payette assisted in the carrying of the Olympic flag in the opening ceremonies of the 2010 Olympic Winter Games in Vancouver, British Columbia.

Coat of arms of Julie Payette
Crest
A musical stave bearing the first notes of the second movement of Alessandro Marcello's Oboe Concerto in D minor Sable;
Escutcheon
Per pale Azure and Sable a wing and in the canton the Royal Crown Argent
Supporters
Two lynx Sable embellished Argent, each wearing a collar set with laurel leaves Or and mullets Argent, standing on the planet Earth Azure, its atmosphere Argent, charged with the Greek letter sigma (Σ) Argent
Motto
PER ASPERA AD ASTRA (Through Hardship to the Stars)[102]
Orders
The ribbon and insignia of the Order of Canada; the ribbon and insignia of the National Order of Quebec

References
  1. Burke, Ashley (January 21, 2021). "Payette stepping down as governor general after blistering report on Rideau Hall work environment". CBC News. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  2. "Governor General: Ms. Julie Payette, Governor General". gg.ca. Governor General of Canada. July 13, 2017. Archived from the original on May 31, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  3. "Former astronaut Julie Payette to be Canada's next governor general". CBC News. July 12, 2017. Archived from the original on July 12, 2017.
  4. Scotti, Monique (July 13, 2017). "Julie Payette: Meet Canada's next governor general". Global News. Archived from the original on July 13, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  5. National Bank of Canada (May 23, 2014). "Appointment Notice Julie Payette". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on September 11, 2019. Retrieved September 2, 2017.
  6. "Prime Minister Trudeau announces The Queen's approval of Canada's next Governor General". pm.gc.ca. Government of Canada. July 13, 2017. Archived from the original on July 13, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  7. MacCharles, Tonda (October 2, 2017). "Julie Payette becomes Canada's 29th Governor General". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on March 2, 2018. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  8. The Canadian Press (January 21, 2021). "What happens when the governor-general resigns?". The Globe & Mail. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  9. Wherry, Aaron (January 22, 2021). "Payette is the one resigning — but Justin Trudeau has to wear it". CBC News. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  10. "Biography of Julie Payette". Canadian Space Agency. September 10, 2013. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved July 10, 2011.
  11. "Determination, generosity and spaghetti sauce: Meet Canada's new GG". CBC News. July 14, 2017. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  12. "Julie Payette – Celebrating Women's Achievements". collectionscanada.gc.ca. Library and Archives Canada. Archived from the original on September 25, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  13. Sonia Gueldenpfennig (December 2011). Women in Space Who Changed the World. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 75. ISBN 978-1-4488-5998-6. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  14. "Julie Payette: Astronaut, Canadian Space Agency (Biographical data)". Houston, Texas: National Aeronautics and Space Administration. June 2012. Archived from the original on February 18, 2017.
  15. Flavelle, Dana (February 1, 2009). "Blasting off into space with Massey mementoes". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on September 14, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  16. "Recherche". membres.oiq.qc.ca. Archived from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  17. "Biography of Julie Payette". Longueuil, Quebec: Canadian Space Agency. January 21, 2013. Archived from the original on July 12, 2017.
  18. Hélèna Katz (April 20, 2000). "Julie Payette: Right where she belongs". McGill Reporter. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved July 12, 2017.
  19. Ellis, Lee (2004). Who's Who of NASA Astronauts. River Falls, Wisconsin: Americana Group Publishing. pp. 146. ISBN 0966796144.
  20. Melady, John (2009). Canadians in Space: The Forever Frontier. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 137. ISBN 978-1-55002-940-6.
  21. "Inventive Women Biographies: Julie Payette". Archived from the original on February 17, 2009.
  22. NASA (2008). "NASA Assigns Crews for STS-127 and Expedition 19 Missions". NASA. Archived from the original on June 8, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2008.
  23. Melady, John (2011). Maple Leaf in Space: Canada's Astronauts. Toronto: Dundurn Press. pp. 136. ISBN 978-1-55488-752-1.
  24. "Payette to carry piece of Ottawa Valley legend into space". CTV News. June 13, 2009. Archived from the original on May 31, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  25. "Featured Alumni". University of Toronto. November 28, 2013. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  26. "Former Public Policy Scholar Canada: Julie Payette". Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. 2011. Archived from the original on July 6, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  27. "Biography of Julie Payette, OC, CQ". Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada. July 13, 2017. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  28. "Julie Payette leaving job as director of Montreal Science Centre". The Gazette. Montreal. The Canadian Press. October 13, 2016. Archived from the original on July 15, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  29. Raymond, Katharine (March 2, 2017). "Julie Payette". Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  30. "Former astronaut Julie Payette will be Canada's next Governor General". Toronto Star. July 13, 2017. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  31. Platt, Brian (August 1, 2020). "How Julie Payette's time running the Montreal Science Centre foreshadowed trouble at Rideau Hall". National Post. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  32. "How Julie Payette's time running the Montreal Science Centre foreshadowed trouble at Rideau Hall". nationalpost. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  33. PMO failed to check with key former employers before Payette's appointment as Governor General: sources
  34. Scotti, Monique (July 13, 2017). "Julie Payette: Meet Canada's next governor general". Global News. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  35. "Julie Payette named Governor General". Maclean's. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  36. "Message Following the Announcement of Canada's 29th Governor General". The Governor General of Canada. Archived from the original on July 19, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  37. General, The Office of the Secretary to the Governor. "The Governor General of Canada". Gg.ca. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  38. "Julie Payette pushes strength of team work, power of dreams in debut speech as GG". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  39. Frazier, Kendrick (March–April 2018). "Canadian Governor General's Defense of Science 'A Breath of Fresh Air'". Skeptical Inquirer. pp. 12–13.
  40. "Canadian Governor General's Defense of Science 'A Breath of Fresh Air'". Skeptical Inquirer. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. 42 (2): 12–13. 2018.
  41. "Gov. Gen. Julie Payette on what she learned from her controversial comments on science, religion and climate". CBC. August 30, 2018. Archived from the original on October 1, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  42. "It's not easy being GG; Payette tries to reassure staff as criticism mounts ceremony". CBC. September 30, 2018. Archived from the original on October 1, 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  43. "Gov. Gen. Julie Payette faces questions over her workload and schedule". Globe and Mail. September 21, 2018. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  44. "Gov. Gen. Julie Payette faces questions over her workload and schedule". Toronto Star. September 23, 2018. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  45. Governor-General’s review of patronage activities leaves charities in limbo
  46. "Julie Payette doesn't plan to preside over 2018 Governor General's History Awards ceremony". National Post. September 26, 2018. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
  47. "GG Julie Payette and Rideau Hall's top bureaucrat resign in wake of damning workplace review". nationalpost. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  48. "More than $250K spent on Gov. Gen. Julie Payette's demands for privacy at Rideau Hall". Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  49. Everson, Kristen (July 21, 2020). "Gov. Gen. Payette has created a toxic climate of harassment and verbal abuse at Rideau Hall, sources allege". CBC News. Archived from the original on July 22, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  50. Burke, Ashley (July 23, 2020). "Privy Council Office launches workplace probe of Governor General's office amid harassment claims". Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved July 24, 2020.
  51. Tunney, Catharine; Burke, Ashley (January 22, 2021). "Trudeau says he's looking to improve vetting process for GGs following Payette controversy". CBC News. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  52. Privy Council Office (January 23, 2021). "Statement from the Privy Council Office".
  53. PMO failed to check with key former employers before Payette's appointment as Governor General: sources
  54. Wherry, Aaron (January 22, 2021). "Payette is the one resigning — but Justin Trudeau has to wear it". CBC News. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  55. Bryden, Joan (January 31, 2021). "Payette's resignation shines light on expense account, pension for governors general".
  56. Branswell, Brenda (May 17, 1999). "Ambition accomplished: The multitalented Julie Payette joins the roll of Canadian space travellers". Maclean's. Toronto.
  57. Rakobowchuk, Peter (June 13, 2009). "Astronaut's family has nerves of steel". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on September 18, 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
  58. "Julie Payette drops legal battle to seal public records of her divorce proceedings". National Post. August 21, 2017. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
  59. "Former astronaut Julie Payette sworn in as Canada's 29th Governor General" Archived September 23, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. CityNews, by Terry Pedwell, The Canadian Press. October 2, 2017
  60. Rowat, Robert (March 6, 2020). "Did you know that Canada's Governor General is nominated for a Juno Award?". CBC. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  61. Siekierski, BJ (July 18, 2017). "PMO has no comment on Julie Payette's expunged 2011 assault charge". iPolitics. Archived from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
  62. "Governor general-designate Julie Payette drops bid to keep divorce records sealed" Archived November 12, 2020, at the Wayback Machine. CBC News, August 21, 2017.
  63. "Julie Payette's vetting for governor general questioned amid 'disquieting' revelations" Archived January 22, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. CBC News, July 20, 2017.
  64. "What does the governor general do all day? A National Post investigation". National Post. October 2, 2017. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  65. "Statement by the Prime Minister to welcome Canada's new Governor General, the Right Honourable Julie Payette". Om.gc.ca. October 2, 2017. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  66. "Four to be Inducted into Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame". British Columbia Aviation Association. January 11, 2010. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  67. "Incoming Governor General Julie Payette meets with Queen for the first time". Toronto Star. The Canadian Press. September 20, 2017. Archived from the original on September 24, 2017. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
  68. "Julie Payette". ville.montreal.qc.ca. City of Montreal. Archived from the original on September 25, 2017. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
  69. Office of the Governor General of Canada (September 20, 2017). "Meeting of Governor General Designate with The Queen". Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on September 25, 2017. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
  70. BSGG, OSGG / (September 28, 2017). "As the incoming commander-in-chief, #GGDJuliePayette received the @CanadianForces Decoration from the @CDS_Canada_CEMD. #GG29pic.twitter.com/ByL3MHmonh". Twitter. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  71. Government of Canada. "Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of Canada". Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
  72. "Biography of Julie Payette, OC, CQ". pm.gc.ca. Government of Canada. Archived from the original on July 13, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  73. "HDrecipients.pdf" (PDF). Queen's University. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 27, 2020. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  74. "PAYETTE, Julie". University of Ottawa. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  75. "Julie Payette Citationa" (PDF). Simon Fraser University. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 29, 2016. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  76. "Honorary Degree Recipients". University of Regina. Archived from the original on August 4, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  77. adove (December 16, 2013). "Julie Payette". Royalroads.ca. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  78. "Hon Degree Recipients in Chrono order" (PDF). University of Toronto. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 1, 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  79. "Honorary degree recipients". University of Victoria. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  80. "Honorary Degree Recipients". Nipissing University. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  81. "Spring Convocation 2003 – Newsroom – McGill University". Mcgill.ca. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  82. "List of McGill Honorary Degree Recipients from 1935 to October 2019" (PDF). McGill University. 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  83. "MSVU – Honorary Degrees". Msvu.ca. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  84. "Honorary Degree Recipients" (PDF). McMaster University. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 18, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  85. Kenney, Trevor (July 20, 2009). "Sighting schedule for space shuttle". University of Lethbridge. Archived from the original on September 25, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  86. "Biography of Julie Payette". www.asc-csa.gc.ca. Archived from the original on March 16, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  87. "UBC Archives – Honorary Degree Citations – 2008–12". University of British Columbia. Archived from the original on August 5, 2012. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  88. "2010 Honorary Degree Recipients: Dr. Julie Payette, O.C., C.Q." 2010. Archived from the original on March 16, 2016.
  89. "Honorary Degree Recipients – University Secretariat". York University. Archived from the original on March 18, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  90. "Honorary Degree Citation – Julie Payette". 2010. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015.
  91. "N – R". University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  92. "Niagara University Eagle Online  \  Commencement 2011". eagleonline.niagara.edu. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  93. "Past Honorary Doctorates". Ryerson University. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
  94. "Honorary Degrees Awarded Since 1954 - Senate". carleton.ca. Archived from the original on September 11, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  95. "Astronaut, pharmacologist and rights advocate to receive honorary doctorates from VIU - Vancouver Island University (VIU)". Viu.ca. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  96. "University of Manitoba - University Governance - Julie Payette, D.Sc., May 30, 2013". umanitoba.ca. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  97. "Julie Payette announced as Canada's next Governor General". Ucalgary.ca. July 13, 2017. Archived from the original on July 22, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  98. "Julie Payette passes on passion at BCIT convocation - BCIT News". Commons.bcit.ca. June 23, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  99. "Governor General to Receive an Honorary Doctorate". Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  100. "Une collation des doctorats de 3e cycle mémorable pour 538 nouveaux docteurs de l'UdeM" (in French). May 1, 2018. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  101. "Canadian astronaut Julie Payette on hand to launch Whitby school named for her". Durham District School Board News. 2012. Archived from the original on April 1, 2013.
  102. General, The Office of the Secretary to the Governor. "Payette, Julie [Individual]". reg.gg.ca. Archived from the original on November 16, 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
Government offices
Preceded by
David Johnston		 Governor General of Canada
2017–2021		 Succeeded by
Richard Wagner (administrator)
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.