Karl Bryullov

Karl Pavlovich Bryullov (Russian: Карл Па́влович Брюлло́в; 12 December 1799 – 11 June 1852), original name Charles Bruleau,[1] also transliterated Briullov and Briuloff, and referred to by his friends as "Karl the Great",[2][3] was a Russian painter. He is regarded as a key figure in transition from the Russian neoclassicism to romanticism.

Karl Bryullov
Карл Павлович Брюллов
Karl Bryullov, self-portrait, oil on cardboard, 1848. Tretiakov Gallery, Moscow
Born
Charles Bruleau

(1799-12-12)December 12, 1799
St. Petersburg
DiedJune 11, 1852(1852-06-11) (aged 52)
Manziana
Resting placeCimitero Acattolico
NationalityRussian
EducationProfessor by rank (1836)
Alma materImperial Academy of Arts (1821)
Known forEngraving, Painting
MovementRomantic; Orientalist
Awards

Biography

Karl Bryullov was born on December, 12th (23), 1799 in St. Petersburg,[1] in the family of the academician, woodcarver, and engraver Pavel Ivanovich Briullo (Brulleau, 1760—1833) who was of Huguenot descent. He felt drawn to Italy from his early years. Despite his education at the Imperial Academy of Arts (1809–1821), Bryullov never fully embraced the classical style taught by his mentors and promoted by his brother, Alexander Bryullov. After distinguishing himself as a promising and imaginative student and finishing his education, he left Russia for Rome where he worked until 1835 as a portraitist and genre painter, though his fame as an artist came when he began doing historical painting.

His best-known work, The Last Day of Pompeii (1830–1833), is a vast composition compared by Pushkin and Gogol to the best works of Rubens and Van Dyck. It created a sensation in Italy and established Bryullov as one of the finest European painters of his day. After completing this work, he triumphantly returned to the Russian capital, where he made many friends among the aristocracy and intellectual elite and obtained a high post in the Imperial Academy of Arts.

An anecdote concerning Bryullov appeared in Leo Tolstoy's essay "Why Do Men Stupefy Themselves?" and later in the same author's book What Is Art?.

While teaching at the academy (1836–1848) he developed a portrait style which combined a neoclassical simplicity with a romantic tendency that fused well, and his penchant for realism was satisfied with an intriguing level of psychological penetration. While he was working on the plafond of St Isaac's Cathedral, his health suddenly deteriorated. Following advice of his doctors, Bryullov left Russia for Madeira in 1849 and spent the last three years of his life in Italy. He died in the village of Manziana near Rome and is buried at the Cimitero Acattolico there.

Selected artwork

See also

References and notes
  1. Karl Pavlovich Bryullov at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  2. An allusion on Charles the Great
  3. Agnieszka Świętosławska (2015). "Emigration as an artistic turning point – Ignacy Szczedrowski, Konstanty Kukiewicz and Tadeusz Gorecki at the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg". Art Inquiry. Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe (17): 321–345.

Literature

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