LMS Stanier 2-6-2T

The Stanier Class 3P 2-6-2T was a class of London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) steam locomotive. They were designed by William Stanier based on the earlier LMS Fowler 2-6-2T.

LMS Stanier Class 3P 2-6-2T
Withdrawn 40208 stored at Trafford Park locomotive depot, April 1962
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerWilliam Stanier
Builder
Build date1935–1938
Total produced139
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte2-6-2T
 • UIC1′C1′ h2t
Gauge4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.3 ft 3 1⁄2 in (1.003 m)
Driver dia.5 ft 3 in (1.600 m)
Trailing dia.3 ft 3 1⁄2 in (1.003 m)
Wheelbase33 ft 3 in (10.13 m)
Length41 ft 11 3⁄4 in (12.80 m)
Loco weight
  • w/ 6 boiler: 70.75 long tons (71.89 t; 79.24 short tons)
  • w/ 6A boiler: 71.25 long tons (72.39 t; 79.80 short tons)
  • w/ 6B boiler: 72.5 long tons (73.7 t; 81.2 short tons)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity3 long tons (3.05 t; 3.36 short tons)
Water cap1,500 imp gal (6,800 l; 1,800 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area
  • 71–120: 17 1⁄2 sq ft (1.63 m2)
  • Remainder: 19 1⁄4 sq ft (1.79 m2)
Boiler
  • LMS type 6 (71–144)
  • LMS type 6A (145–209)
  • LMS type 6B (6 off)
Boiler pressure200 lbf/in2 (1.38 MPa)
Heating surface:
 • Tubes and flues
  • 71–120: 775 sq ft (72.0 m2)
  • 121–144: 859 sq ft (79.8 m2)
  • 6A boiler: 939 sq ft (87.2 m2)
  • 6B boiler: 997 sq ft (92.6 m2)
 • Firebox
  • 71–120: 104 sq ft (9.7 m2)
  • 121–144: 107 sq ft (9.9 m2)
  • 6A boiler: 107 sq ft (9.9 m2)
  • 6B boiler: 111 sq ft (10.3 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area
  • 6 boiler: 73 sq ft (6.8 m2) to 76 sq ft (7.1 m2)
  • 6A boiler: 74 sq ft (6.9 m2) to 80 sq ft (7.4 m2)
  • 6B boiler: 138 sq ft (12.8 m2) to 137 sq ft (12.7 m2)
CylindersTwo, outside
Cylinder size17 1⁄2 in × 26 in (444 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Valve typepiston valves
Performance figures
Tractive effort21,485 lbf (95.57 kN)
Career
Operators
Power class
  • LMS: 3P
  • BR: 3MT
Numbers
  • LMS: 71–209
  • BR: 40071–40209
Withdrawn1959–1962
DispositionAll scrapped

Overview

A taper-boiler versions of Henry Fowler's 1930 design, the general dimensions were the same with some improvements. They were under-boilered and although improved they were always considered to be indifferent performers. In some ways they were inferior to their predecessors. The cab was of Stanier's usual excellent design with the coal bunker built higher than the rear cab windows but angled inwards to avoid them, thus giving good visibility when running bunker first.

The first 2 lots (117 and 126, locomotives 71–144) were built with number 6 domeless boilers but the rest were built with improved 6A boilers with separate top-feed and steam dome. Both types of boilers were later modified to carry Adams ‘Vortex’ blastpipe to improve steaming. These locomotives could always be identified by the larger diameter chimney.

The 139 locomotives were numbered 71–209 by the LMS, and after 1948 BR renumbered them 40071–209. The LMS classified them 3P.

In a final attempt to improve the locomotives 6 were rebuilt with larger 6B boilers; these were 169 in 1940, 163 in 1941, 148 and 203 in 1942, and 40142 and 40167 in 1956. The re-boilering was not considered to be cost effective.

They were to be found on various duties – stopping train, suburban passenger routes, branch line, empty stock and banking.

They are generally considered to be the least successful of Stanier's standard designs

Detail
Numbers Lot numbers Date built Built at
LMS BR
71–90 40071–90 117 1935 Derby
91–144 40091–144 126 1935 Derby
145–72 40145–72 139 1937 Derby
173–84 40173–84 139 1938 Derby
185–95 40185–95 140 1937 Crewe
196–209 40196–209 140 1938 Crewe

Withdrawals

The class was withdrawn between November 1959 and December 1962, with the last of the large boiler variant (40148) having been withdrawn in September 1962. None were preserved.

Table of withdrawals
YearQuantity in
service at
start of year		Quantity
withdrawn		Locomotive numbers
19591391040084/96, 40125/27/39/60/63/69/72, 40204.
1960129440161, 40502–07.
19611255640071/74–77/79/81/91–92/94–95/97,
40101–03/07–08/11/15/18/21/23–24/26/29–34/36/40–44/55–56/62/65–68/71/75/78/82–84/92/94–95/99, 40208–09.
1962696940072–73/78/80/82–83/85–90/93/98–99,
40100/04–06/09–10/12–14/16–17/19–20/22/28/35/37–38/45–48/50–54/57–59/64/70/73–74/76–77/79–81/85–91/93/96–98, 40200–03.

References
    • Haresnape, Brian (1970). Stanier Locomotives – a pictorial history. Ian Allan.
    • Longworth, Hugh. British Railway Steam Locomotives 1948-1968. Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-86093-593-0.
    • Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.
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