List of largest peaceful gatherings

This is a list of the largest historic peaceful gatherings of people in the world at one place for a single event.

Over 10 million

Event Date Participants Type Location Country Ref.
Ardh Kumbh Mela 4 February 2019 50 million Pilgrimage Prayagraj  India [1]
Maha Kumbh Mela 10 February 2013 30 million Pilgrimage Prayagraj  India [2]
Kumbh Mela 14 April 2010 10 million Pilgrimage Haridwar  India [3]
Arba'een Pilgrimage 2016 20–30 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [4]
Arba'een Pilgrimage 2015 27 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [5]
Arba'een Pilgrimage 2014 20 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [6][7][8]
Kumbh Mela 30 January 2001 20 million Pilgrimage Prayagraj  India [9]
Arba'een Pilgrimage January 2013 15–18 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [10][11]
Arba'een Pilgrimage January 2012 15 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [12][13]
Arba'een Pilgrimage January 2011 15 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [14]
Funeral of C. N. Annadurai 4 February 1969 15 million Funeral Tamil Nadu  India [15]
Kumbh Mela 15 January 2019 14 million Pilgrimage Prayagraj  India [16]
Arba'een Pilgrimage 2017 14 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [17][18]
Aalmi Ijtema Aurangabad 2018 12.6 million Aurangabad, Maharashtra  India [19]
Martyrdom processions of Musa al-Kadhim 2016 12 million Kadhimiya, Baghdad  Iraq [20][21]
Martyrdom processions of Musa al-Kadhim 2015 12 million Kadhimiya, Baghdad  Iraq [22]
Funeral of Ruhollah Khomeini 11 June 1989 10.2 million Funeral Tehran  Iran [23]
Arba'een Pilgrimage January 2010 10 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [24][25][26]
Arba'een Pilgrimage 2009 10–14 million Pilgrimage Karbala  Iraq [27]
Approximately 50 and 30 million people attended the Allahabad Ardh Kumbh Mela in 2019 and Maha Kumbh Mela in 2013 respectively to bathe in the holy river Ganges, making them the largest peaceful gathering events in the world,[28][29] as part of the Kumbha Mela which occurs in every 12 years in full scale and in every 6 years in mini-scale across four locations in turn: Prayag, Haridwar, Ujjain and Nasik.

Five million to ten million

Chicago Cubs 2016 World Series victory parade and rally attracted over 5 million people.

Two to five million

4 million pilgrims visit Imam Ali Shrine in Iraq on the anniversary martyrdom of the first Shia Imam on 28 June 2016.[44]
More than 2 million Muslims gather for the important ritual as part of Hajj 2016.[45]
An estimated 2.8 million people made the annual Hajj to Mecca, Saudi Arabia (excluding unregistered pilgrims which were over 0.75 million, the number of pilgrims would then be over 3.5 million) in November 2010.[46]
  • An estimated 5 million pilgrims gathered to mourn the death anniversary of Imam Kazim at Al-Kadhimiya Mosque in Kadhimiyah on 30 June 2011.[47]
  • An estimated 5 million people attended the funeral of Egyptian President Gamel Abdel Nasser on 1 October 1970 in Cairo, Egypt.[48][49]
  • An estimated 5 million devotees attended the Bishwa Ijtema in Bangladesh in 2010.[50]
  • An estimated 5 million people gathered in Sabarimala, India on 14 January 2007 to watch 'Makarajyothi', a bright flame that flickers three times on a remote hillside of Ponnambalamedu.[51]
  • An estimated 4.2 million people attended a concert given by Rod Stewart in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 31 December 1994.[52]
  • Over 4 million people flocked to Karbala on the day of Ashura at the shrines of Imam Hussein and his younger paternal half brother Abbas in 2010.[53]
  • An estimated 4 million people attended the funeral of Umm Kulthum in Cairo, Egypt on 6 February 1975.[54][55]
  • An estimated 4 million people attended the WorldPride march in New York City on 30 June 2019.[56]
  • An estimated 3.5 million people attended the concert given by Jean-Michel Jarre for the celebration of the 850th birthday of Moscow, in 1997.
  • An estimated 3.16 million people made the annual Hajj to Mecca, Saudi Arabia in 2012 (1.4 million Saudis and 1.75 million foreigners)[57]
  • An estimated 3.2 million people gathered for the annual feast of the Santo Niño de Cebú (Child [Jesus] of Cebu) on 19 January 2014. The crowd attended the solemn procession in the main streets of Cebu City, Philippines.[58][59][60]
  • 3 million Shia Muslims commemorated the anniversaries of the deaths of Muhammad and Imam Hassan in Najaf on shrine of Imam Ali on 28 Safra (3 February) 2011[61]
  • Over 3 million renew pledge of allegiance to Imam Ali in Najaf on 16 November 2011[62]
  • More than 3 million devotees had gathered in the first Nabakalebara Ratha Yatra of the millennium in Puri, India which took place after a gap of 19 years.[63]
  • 3 million break their fasts at Imam Reza shrine Iran on Ramadan 13 July 2013 world's largest iftar ever.[64]
  • An estimated 2.5–4.5 million people gathered for the funeral of Iran's Ex-President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani in Tehran on 10 January 2017.[65][66][67]
  • More than 3 million people protested in the Circus Maximus, Rome, on 23 March 2002, in a demonstration organized by the left-wing trade union CGIL, led by Sergio Cofferati, against the labour reform promoted by the conservative government of Silvio Berlusconi.[68][69]
  • An estimated 3 million people marched through Rome, Italy in opposition to the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in the largest anti-war rally in history on 15 February 2003.[70][71]
  • An estimated 3 million people welcomed Benazir Bhutto on her return from exile in 1986 in Lahore. The procession covered the 12-kilometer distance from the Lahore airport to Minar e Pakistan in over ten hours. The crowd accumulated at gardens of the landmark accommodated over 1.5 million people with queues of cars and trucks reaching outside the then city limits miles away.[72]
  • An estimated 3 million people attended the closing Mass of World Youth Day 2013 on Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.[73] Over 2 million people gather there yearly on the night of 31 December, making it the world's largest New Year's Eve party.[74]
  • An estimated 3 million people gathered in London, United Kingdom on 2 June 1953 to celebrate the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.[75]
  • An estimated 3 million people attended a parade in Boston, United States, celebrating the Boston Red Sox's 2004 World Series victory on 30 October 2004. The victory ended an 86-year drought of World Series championships and ended the era of the famous Curse of the Bambino for the Red Sox.[76]
  • An estimated 2 to 4 million people are reported to have attended the funeral of Pope John Paul II in Rome, Italy on 8 April 2005.[77][78]
  • An estimated 2.8 million people made the annual Hajj to Mecca, Saudi Arabia (excluding unregistered pilgrims which were over 0.75 million, the number of pilgrims would then be over 3.5 million) in November 2010.[46]
  • An estimated 2.6 million people attended the annual feast of the Black Nazarene in Manila, Philippines, in January 2008.[79]
  • An estimated 2.5 million people participated in Art of Living Silver Jubilee Celebration at Bangalore, India.[80]
  • An estimated 2.5 million people participated in a beatification mass held by Pope John Paul II in Błonia Park, Kraków, Poland.[81]
  • An estimated 2.5 million people participated in the São Paulo Gay Pride Parade that took place in June 2006 in São Paulo, Brazil.[82]
  • An estimated 2.5 million people attended Mahatma Gandhi's funeral on 31 January 1948, in New Delhi, India.[83]
Over 2 million people attended the parade and rally celebrating the Chicago Blackhawks winning the 2013 Stanley Cup finals.
Toronto's Nathan Phillips Square on 17 June 2019, with crowds surrounding the 3D Toronto sign
  • An estimated 2 million people attended the Toronto Raptors 2019 NBA Championship parade on 17 June 2019[105]
  • Nearly 2 million people attended Hong Kong's controversial extradition bill protest on 18 August 2019, after the Chief Executive Carrie Lam announced the indefinite suspension of the bill on 15 June. The attendees asked the Hong Kong government to respond their 5 demands as well as protested against the abusive violence use of the city's police force and its collusion with the mobs. The organiser claimed a total number of attendees with over 1.7 million (only counting people in Causeway Bay and Tin Hau areas) while lot of people gathered around Wan Chai, Central and Sheung Wan. An estimated number of over 2 million people took part in the march.[106]

One to two million

Over 2 million people gathered in Monas, Jakarta in December 2016.
Over 1 million Shia Muslims on the anniversary of Muhammad's death at Imam Reza shrine mashhad Iran on 10 December 2015.[107]
Over 1 million pilgrims visit the Al-Askari Shrine, 15 November 2016.[108]

Methodology

A method of determining how many people are at an event is the scientific analysis of photographs, video images, or both. Based on the quality of the image, it is possible to do a physical head count or to estimate attendance based on the density of people within similar areas. This permits the estimation of people over large areas or where parts of the image are obscured. An extensive discussion of how images were used to estimate the number of attendees at the Million Man March can be found at the Center for Remote Sensing at Boston University's website.[151]

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