List of the first German railways to 1870

List of the first German railways to 1870 with German railways ordered by date of the commissioning the first phase of construction. For context see History of rail transport in Germany.

Year day month from to via / date of completion and length of route / rail company
1831 20 September Essen-Kupferdreh Nierenhof near Langenberg Horse drawn and narrow gauge, Prince William Railway Company. In 1847 converted to steam power and standard gauge, ca. 30 km, Wuppertal-Vohwinkel–Essen-Überruhr railway
1835 7 December Nuremberg Fürth First German railway operated by steam, 6 km, Bavarian Ludwig Railway, initially 75% of trains horse drawn, 25% steam powered
1837 24 April Leipzig Dresden Riesa, until 1839, 117 km, Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company, first German long-distance railway, first steam only railway in Germany, included first standard gauge rail tunnel in continental Europe
1838 22 September Berlin Potsdam Zehlendorf, 26.4 km, Berlin-Potsdam-Magdeburg Railway, first steam railway in Prussia
1 December Brunswick Harzburg Wolfenbüttel, until 1841, 47 km, Duchy of Brunswick State Railway (first German state railway), Brunswick–Bad Harzburg railway
20 December Düsseldorf Rheinknie Elberfeld (now Wuppertal) Erkrath, until 1841, 26.7 km, Düsseldorf-Elberfeld Railway Company, Düsseldorf–Elberfeld railway
1839 29 June Magdeburg Leipzig Cöthen, Halle, until 1840, 119 km, Magdeburg-Leipzig Railway, first line crossing more than one state
2 August Cologne Herbesthal (national border) Müngersdorf, Lövenich, Düren, Aachen, until 1843, 86 km, Rhenish Railway Company, Cologne–Aachen line
1 September Munich Augsburg Until 1840, 62 km, Munich–Augsburg Railway Company, Munich–Augsburg line
26 September Frankfurt am Main Wiesbaden Höchst, Kastel, until 1840, 44 km, Taunus line
1840 1 September Berlin Köthen Wittenberg, Dessau, until 1841, 153 km, Berlin-Anhalt Railway Company, Berlin–Wittenberg, Wittenberg–Dessau, Dessau–Köthen lines
12 September Mannheim Haltingen Karlsruhe, Freiburg, until 1851, 285 km, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway, until 1855 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) gauge, Rhine Valley Railway
1842 7 May Hamburg Bergedorf 16.5 km, Hamburg-Bergedorf Railway Company
1 August Berlin Szczecin Until 1843, 135 km, Berlin-Stettin Railway
19 September Leipzig Hof (Saale) Reichenbach, Werdau, until 1851, 165 km, Saxon-Bavarian Railway, from 1847 Royal Saxon State Railways
23 October Berlin Frankfurt (Oder) 81 km, Berlin-Frankfurt (Oder) Railway
1843 10 July Wolfenbüttel Oschersleben Jerxheim, 52 km, Duchy of Brunswick State Railway, Wolfenbüttel–Helmstedt line, Oschersleben–Jerxheim line
15 July Magdeburg Halberstadt Oschersleben, 58 km, Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company, Magdeburg–Thale line
22 October Hanover Brunswick Lehrte, Peine, until 1844, 61 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways, Duchy of Brunswick State Railway, Hanover–Brunswick line
1844 15 February Cologne-Klettenberg Rolandseck Brühl, Bonn, until 1856, 45 km, Bonn-Cologne Railway Company, Bonn-Cologne line
18 September Altona Kiel 106 km, Altona-Kiel Railway Company, Hamburg-Altona–Kiel line
1 October Hof Lindau Nuremberg, Kempten, until 1853, 548 km, Ludwig South-North Railway, Royal Bavarian State Railways
19 October Frankfurt (Oder) Wrocław Legnica, Bolesławiec, until 1846, 277 km, Lower Silesian-Markish Railway
1845 20 July Elmshorn Glückstadt 17 km, Glückstadt-Elmshorn Railway Company, Marsh Railway (extended to Itzehoe on 15 October 1857)
18 September Neumünster Rendsburg 34 km, Rendsburg-Neumünster Railway Company
15 October Lehrte Celle 28 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways, Lehrte–Celle line
22 October Bruchsal Friedrichshafen Stuttgart, Ulm, until 1853, 275 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Fils Valley line, Western Railway, Southern Railway
17 November Dresden Görlitz Löbau, Bautzen, until 1847, 102 km, Saxon-Silesian Railway Company (built together with branch from Löbau to Zittau, opened 1848, 34 km)
20 December Cologne-Deutz Minden Duisburg, Dortmund, until 1847, 263 km, Cologne-Minden Railway Company, Cologne-Minden trunk line
1846 6 June Halle (Saale) Gerstungen Weißenfels, Erfurt, Eisenach, in parts till 1849, 211 km, Thuringian Railway Company (from Gerstungen Frederick William Northern Railway Company), Thuringian line
12 June Lehrte Nordstemmen Hildesheim, until 1853, 36.1 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways, Lehrte–Nordstemmen line
22 June Frankfurt am Main Heidelberg Darmstadt, 88 km, Main-Neckar Railway
7 August Potsdam Magdeburg Brandenburg, 117 km, Berlin-Potsdam-Magdeburg Railway
30 August Köthen Bernburg 21 km, Anhalt-Köthen-Bernburg Railway Company, extended to Aschersleben and Wegeleben (47 km) in 1865, Köthen–Aschersleben, Halle–Halberstadt lines
15 October Berlin Bergedorf 268 km, Berlin-Hamburg Railway Company
1847 1 May Hagenow Rostock Schwerin, Bad Kleinen, Bützow, including branch from Bützow to Güstrow, until 1850, 105 km, Mecklenburg Railway Company, Hagenow Land–Schwerin, Ludwigslust–Wismar, Bad Kleinen–Rostock lines
1 May Frankfurt am Main / Höchst Bad Soden am Taunus 6.6 km, Soden Company
22 May Celle Harburg Uelzen, 127 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways, Hanover–Hamburg line
11 June Ludwigshafen Bexbach Schifferstadt, Neustadt, Homburg, until 1849, ~115 km, Palatine Ludwig Railway Company, Palatine Ludwig Railway; extended by Saarbrücken Railway to Saarbrücken and Forbach by 1852 (~35 km); bridge opened to Mannheim in 1867
11 June Schifferstadt Speyer 9.1 km, Palatine Ludwig Railway Company, Schifferstadt–Wörth line; extended to Germersheim (13.4 km) in 1864 and Wörth am Rhein (27.4 km) in 1876
29 August Riesa Chemnitz 66 km, until 1852, Chemnitz-Riesa Railway Company, later Royal Saxon State Railways
9 October Elberfeld Dortmund Hagen, until 1849, 58 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Elberfeld–Dortmund line
15 October Hanover Minden Wunstorf, Stadthagen, 64 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways, Hanover–Minden line
12 December Bremen Wunstorf 101 km, Verden, Nienburg, Royal Hanoverian State Railways and Bremen State Railway, Bremen–Hanover line
1848 9 March Frankfurt am Main Offenbach am Main 4.7 km, Frankfurt-Offenbach Local Railway
30 March Grebenstein Bad Karlshafen Hümme, until 29 August, 48 km, Frederick William Northern Railway Company, Kassel–Warburg line, Carl line
26 May Hamm Münster 36 km, Münster-Hamm Railway Company
28 May Fröttstädt Waltershausen 3.77 km, Thuringian Railway Company, Friedrichroda line
25 July Bietigheim Heilbronn 29 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, first section of 179.7 km-long Franconia Railway to Würzburg, finished in 1869
1 August Dresden Bohemian border Pirna, until 1851, 51 km, Royal Saxon State Railways, Dresden–Děčín railway
29 August Bebra Kassel 56 km, Frederick William Northern Railway Company, Frederick William Northern line
10 September Frankfurt am Main Hanau 16.4 km, Frankfurt-Hanau Railway Company
1 October Jüterbog Riesa 79 km, Berlin-Anhalt Railway Company, Jüterbog–Riesa line
14 October Oberhausen Ruhrort 9 km, Cologne-Minden Railway Company, Oberhausen–Duisburg-Ruhrort line
1849 6 March Hümme Warburg 20.2 km, Frederick William Northern Railway Company, Diemel Valley line
7 July Magdeburg Wittenberge 109.1 km, Stendal, Seehausen, Magdeburg-Wittenberge Railway Company
25 September Bebra Gerstungen 21.3 km, Frederick William Northern Railway Company, the western section of the Thuringian Railway
15 October Homberg Mönchengladbach Viersen, until 1851, 42 km, Ruhrort-Crefeld District Gladbach Railway Company, Duisburg-Ruhrort–Mönchengladbach line (Ruhrort-Homberg train ferry, opened 1852)
29 December Kassel Frankfurt am Main Marburg, Gießen, until 1852, 199 km, Main-Weser Railway
1850 4 October Hamm Warburg Soest, Paderborn, until 1853, 130 km, Royal Westphalian Railway Company, Hamm–Warburg line
1851 15 October Lübeck Büchen 47 km, Lübeck-Büchen Railway Company, Lübeck–Lüneburg line, extended to Lauenburg (12 km) by Berlin-Hamburg Railway Company on 15 October 1851 and Lüneburg (17 km) by Royal Hanoverian State Railways on 15 March 1864, initially using the Lauenburg–Hohnstorf train ferry
1852 1 August Bamberg Aschaffenburg Schweinfurt, Würzburg until 1854, 205 km, Ludwig's Western Railway, Royal Bavarian State Railways
6 August Bromberg Königsberg Dirschau, Marienburg, until 1857, 283 km, Prussian Eastern Railway, first railway bridge with a span of more than 100 metres
12 August Oberkassel Belgian border Neuss, Mönchengladbach, Aachen, until 1854, 64 km, Aachen-Düsseldorf-Ruhrort Railway Company, Aachen–Mönchengladbach and Mönchengladbach–Düsseldorf lines
1853 23 March Mainz Ludwigshafen Worms 67.3 km, Hessian Ludwig Railway, Mainz–Ludwigshafen railway
1 May Hanover Kassel Alfeld, Kreiensen, Göttingen, until 1856, 166 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways, Hanoverian Southern Railway
26 September Ulm Kufstein Augsburg, Munich, Rosenheim, until 1858, 190 km, Bavarian Maximilian's Railway, Royal Bavarian State Railways
28 November Bayreuth Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg 21 km, first leased railway in Bavaria (built by Bayreuth city), Bayreuth–Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg line
1854 1 April Flensburg Tönning Ohrstedt; ~110 km (including branch from Ohrstedt to Rendsburg opened on 25 October 1854); Flensburg-Husum-Tönning Railway Company; sections of Neumünster–Flensburg and Husum–Kiel lines; Husum–Tönning line
21 May Pasing Planegg 6.7 km, extended to Starnberg (28 November 1854) and Weilheim (36 km from Pasing, 1 February 1866), operated by Royal Bavarian State Railways, Munich–Garmisch-Partenkirchen line
22 June Hanau Aschaffenburg 8.9 km, Frankfurt-Hanau Railway Company, Main–Spessart railway
24 November Emden Löhne Papenburg, Lingen, Rheine, Osnabrück, by 1856, 264 km, Hanoverian Western Railway, Royal Hanoverian State Railways
1855 20 February Haltingen Waldshut Basel, Säckingen, until 1859, 62 km, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway, Upper Rhine line
18 June Dresden Werdau Chemnitz, Glauchau, Zwickau, until 1869, 136 km, Royal Saxon State Railways, Dresden–Werdau line; branches: Glauchau–Gößnitz line (12 km), opened 15 November 1858 and Zwickau–Schwarzenberg line (38 km), opened 15 May 1858.
9 July Dortmund Soest Unna, 54 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Dortmund–Soest line
15 November Cologne Krefeld 53.6 km, Cöln-Crefeld Railway Company
1856 22 March Leipzig Großkorbetha Markranstädt, 31.21 km, Thuringian Railway Company, Leipzig–Großkorbetha line
23 June Münster Rheine 39 km, Royal Westphalian Railway Company, Münster–Rheine line
1 July Oberhausen Dutch border Wesel, Emmerich, 73 km, Cologne-Minden Railway Company, Oberhausen–Arnhem line
5 August Börßum Kreiensen Salzgitter-Bad, 61 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways, Duchy of Brunswick State Railway, Brunswick Southern Railway
11 August Wiesbaden Niederlahnstein Rüdesheim, until, 1864, 88 km, Nassau Rhine and Lahn Railway Company, from 1861: Nassau State Railway, East Rhine line; 5 km extension by Prussian railways to Ehrenbreitstein in 1864; 70 km extension to Troisdorf opened by Rhenish Railway Company 1869–1871
1857 17 August Dessau Halle/Leipzig Bitterfeld, until 1859 (Wittenberg), 125 km, Berlin-Anhalt Railway, Dessau-Leipzig line
1858 21 January Rolandseck Bingerbrück Remagen, Koblenz, until 1859, 103.7 km, Rhenish Railway Company, West Rhine line
1 June Koblenz Wetzlar Oberlahnstein, Limburg, until 1863, 107 km, Nassau Rhine and Lahn Railway Company, later Nassau State Railway, Lahn Valley Railway
15 July Bingerbrück Neunkirchen Bad Kreuznach, until 1860, 121 km, Rhine-Nahe line
1 August Mainz Aschaffenburg Darmstadt, 34 km, Hessian Ludwig Railway Company, Rhine-Main line
1 November Eisenach Coburg Lichtenfels, Coburg, until 151 km, Werra Railway Company
1 November Coburg Sonneberg Neustadt bei Coburg, 19.49 km, Werra Railway Company, Coburg–Sonneberg line
3 November Munich Nuremberg Landshut, Geiselhöring, Regensburg, Schwandorf, Amberg, Neukirchen, Hersbruck, until 1859, 289 km (including branch to Straubing), Bavarian Eastern Railway Company, Munich–Regensburg, Neufahrn–Radldorf, Regensburg–Passau, Regensburg–Weiden, Weiden–Hof, Nuremberg–Schwandorf lines
16 December Saarbrücken Trier Until 1860, 111 km Saarbrücken Railway, Saar line
1859 1 January Cologne-Deutz Gießen Until 1862, 183 km (including branch to Siegen), Cologne-Minden Railway Company, Deutz–Gießen line
2 February Weißenfels Zeitz Teuchern, 31.25 km, Thuringian Railway Company, Weißenfels–Zeitz line
19 March Zeitz Gera Crossen an der Elster, 28.20 km, Thuringian Railway Company, Leipzig–Gera–Saalfeld line
21 March Hagen Siegen Altena, until 1861, 106 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Ruhr–Sieg line
1 July Gunzenhausen Würzburg Ansbach, until 1864, 116 km, Royal Bavarian State Railways, Treuchtlingen–Würzburg line
18 August Waldshut Koblenz, Switzerland Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway, connection to the first railway bridge over the Rhine, largest span of 52 metres
19 August Witten Duisburg Bochum, Essen, until 1862, 58 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Witten–Duisburg line
20 September Plochingen Villingen Tübingen, Rottweil, until 1869, 113 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Neckar-Alb, Upper Neckar, Gäu lines
15 October Cologne-Deutz Cologne Cathedral Bridge (Dombrücke), Cologne-Minden Railway Company, The first railway bridge over the Rhine north of Switzerland, first connection between western and central European rail network
1860 7 May Rosenheim Salzburg Traunstein, 84 km, Royal Bavarian State Railways, Rosenheim–Salzburg line
10 September Frankfurt am Main Bad Homburg19 km, Homburg Railway Company
20 September Straubing Passau-Voglau Until 1861, 77 km, Bavarian Eastern Railway Company, Regensburg–Passau line
1 December Borsdorf Coswig Until, 1868, 104 km, Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company, Borsdorf–Coswig line
1861 7 January Schwandorf Furth im Wald Until 20 September, 67 km, Bavarian Eastern Railway Company, Schwandorf–Furth im Wald line
25 July Cannstatt Nördlingen Aalen, until 1863, 111 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Rems Railway
1862 23 January Bremen Bremerhaven 62 km, Royal Hanoverian State Railways and Bremen State Railway, Bremen–Bremerhaven railway
7 June Basel Schopfheim 20 km, Wiesenthal Railway Company, Wiese Valley Railway
4 August Heilbronn Crailsheim Until 1867, Schwäbisch Hall, 88 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Hohenlohe Railway
23 October Heidelberg Würzburg Moosbach, Osterburken, till 1866, 120 km, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway, Odenwald line
1863 3 January Bischofsheim Frankfurt am Main–Niederrad 23.6 km, Hessian Ludwig Railway Company, Main line
3 March Krefeld Zevenaar, Netherlands Geldern, Kleve, till 1865, 75 km, Rhenish Railway Company, West Lower Rhine line, Spyck–Welle train ferry
15 March Angermünde Stralsund 170 km, Berlin-Stettin Railway Company, Angermünde–Stralsund line, as well as Szczecin–Pasewalk line (41.8 km)
1 June Karlsruhe Mühlacker 43.5 km, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway, Karlsruhe–Mühlacker line
15 June Waldshut Konstanz 89 km, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway, Upper Rhine Railway
1 October Irrenlohe Bayreuth Weiden, until 1 December, 98 km, Bavarian Eastern Railway Company, Regensburg–Weiden line, Weiden–Bayreuth line
1 November Roßlau Zerbst 13 km, Anhalt Leopold Railway
1864 15 August Weiden Cheb Mitterteich, until 15 October 1865, 60 km, Bavarian Eastern Railway Company, Weiden–Oberkotzau line, Wiesau–Cheb line
21 September Wendlingen Kirchheim 6.5 km, Kirchheim Railway Company
13 September Aalen Heidenheim 22.1 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Brenz Railway, completed to Ulm in 1876
1 October Altenbeken Kreiensen 93 km, until 1865, Royal Westphalian Railway Company, Duchy of Brunswick State Railway, Altenbeken–Kreiensen line
6 October Düren Trier Euskirchen, Gerolstein, until 1871, 111 km, Rhenish Railway Company, Börde Railway, Eifel Railway
11 November Güstrow Pasewalk Strasburg, 140 km, until 1867, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway, Berlin-Stettin Railway Company, Bützow–Szczecin line
1865 6 May Neustadt Bad Durkheim 15 km, Neustadt-Dürkheim Railway Company, Palatine Northern Railway
1 August Hamburg Lübeck 64 km, Lübeck-Büchen Railway, Lübeck–Hamburg railway
1 September Halle (Saale) Eichenberg Eisleben, Nordhausen, Leinefelde, 167 km, until 1867, Magdeburg-Leipzig Railway Company, Halle–Kassel railway
23 October Brunn (Saxony) Greiz Branch line of the Saxon-Bavarian Railway to Greiz, 9.75 km, Greiz-Brunn Railway Company
1 November Herlasgrün Oelsnitz Falkenstein, Saxony, 47 km, Royal Saxon State Railways, Voigtland State Railway (Herlasgrün–Oelsnitz and Plauen–Cheb lines)
1 November Cheb (Eger) Oberkotzau Aš, 54.8 km, City of Hof, Cheb–Oberkotzau railway
28 December Gößnitz Gera Schmölln, Ronneburg, 35 km, Gößnitz-Gera Railway Company
1866 18 January Hagen Hamm Unna, 48 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Hagen–Hamm line
22 January Frankfurt am Main Bebra Hanau, Elm, until 1914, 210 km, Frankfurt–Bebra Railway
29 January Viersen Venlo 23.4 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Viersen–Venlo line
1 February Flöha Annaberg-Buchholz 43.5 km, Saxon State Railways, Annaberg-Buchholz–Flöha railway
31 May Neumünster Neustadt Ascheberg, Eutin (including the connections to Kiel), 110 km, Altona-Kiel Railway Company, Neumünster–Ascheberg line, Kiel–Lübeck line, Eutin–Neustadt line
2 July Offenburg Haussach 33 km, the start of the Black Forest Railway, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway,
1 September Osterrath Wattenscheid Mülheim-Saarn, Essen-Nord, until 1867, 43 km, Rhenish Railway Company, Osterath–Dortmund Süd line (including Rheinhausen–Hochfeld train ferry)
6 September Villingen Singen Until 1869, 63 km, the southern part of the Black Forest Railway, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway
13 September Berlin Görlitz Cottbus, until 1867, 208 km, Berlin-Görlitz Railway Company
1 October Berlin Kostrzyn Until 1867, 85 km, Prussian Eastern Railway
15 November Goldshöfe Crailsheim 30.4 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Upper Jagst Railway
15 December Eberswalde Wriezen Until 1867, 30 km, Berlin-Stettin Railway Company, Eberswalde–Frankfurt (Oder) line
1867 14 January Neukieritzsch Borna 6.8 km, Saxon-Bavarian Railway Company, Neukieritzsch–Chemnitz line; extended by 55.7 to Chemnitz in 1872
29 January Gruiten Deutz 35 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Gruiten–Köln-Deutz line
16 May Bremen Wilhelmshaven/Leer Oldenburg, until 1869, 152 km, Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways, Prussian State Railways, Bremen–Oldenburg line, Wilhelmshaven–Oldenburg line, Oldenburg–Leer line
19 May Altona Blankenese 9 km, Altona-Kiel Railway Company, Altona–Blankenese line
14 July Neudietendorf Arnstadt 9.94 km, Thuringian Railway Company, Neudietendorf–Ritschenhausen line
20 July Radolfzell Mengen Until 1870, 57 km, Baden State Railway, Hegau-Ablach Valley Railway
Munich Ingolstadt 81 km, Royal Bavarian State Railways, Nuremberg–Munich high-speed line
25 September Ohligs Wald Solingen Weyersberg 5.6 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Wuppertal-Oberbarmen–Solingen line
23 December Kempen Venlo 23 km, Rhenish Railway Company, Kempen–Venlo line
1868 13 January Ulm Donaueschingen Sigmaringen, Tuttlingen, until 1890, 100 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Ulm–Sigmaringen railway, Tuttlingen–Inzigkofen railway
1 May Jerxheim Börßum 23.2 km, Duchy of Brunswick State Railway, Jerxheim–Börßum line
11 June Pforzheim Bad Wildbad 19.8 km, Baden State Railway, Enz Valley Railway
25 June Meckesheim Jagstfeld Bad Rappenau, until 1869, 36.4 km, Baden State Railway, Elsenz Valley Railway
1 September Barmen-Rittershausen Remscheid 17.8 km, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Wuppertal-Oberbarmen–Opladen railway
23 September Zuffenhausen Ditzingen Until 1872, 48.5 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Black Forest Railway (Württemberg)
1 December Northeim Nordhausen Herzberg am Harz, Bad Sachsa, until 1869, 69 km, Magdeburg-Leipzig Railway Company, South Harz Railway
1 December Mülheim Bergisch Gladbach 9.5 km, Sülz Valley Railway, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company
1869 1 March Halberstadt Vienenburg 34.3 km, Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company, Halberstadt–Vienenburg line
1 March Niederwiesa Hainichen 16.8 km, Royal Saxon State Railways, Roßwein–Niederwiesa line
15 April Frankfurt am Main Worms and Mannheim Darmstadt and Goddelau-Erfelden, until 1879, 112 km, Hessian Ludwig Railway Company, Ried Railway
31 May Rastatt Gernsbach 15 km, Murg Valley Railway Company, Murg Valley Railway, 58.2 km line to Freudenstadt completed in 1928
29 June Tübingen Sigmaringen Until 1878, 97.5 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Zollernalb Railway
25 July Herbertingen Waldsee Aulendorf, 37.5 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Herbertingen–Aulendorf railway, Allgäu Railway (Württemberg)
17 August Wolkramshausen Erfurt Sondershausen, Straußfurt, 71.15 km, Nordhausen-Erfurt Railway Company
1 September Neuss Duren 49 km, Erft Railway
2 October Gunzenhausen Ingolstadt Until 1870, 98 km (including branch to Pleinfeld), Royal Bavarian State Railways, Ingolstadt–Treuchtlingen line
23 October Wertheim Crailsheim 100 km, Royal Württemberg State Railways, Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway, Tauber Valley Railway
27 October Lampertheim Bensheim Hofheim (Ried), 18.3 km, Hessian Ludwig Railway Company, Nibelungen Railway
29 December Gießen Fulda Alsfeld, 106 km, Upper Hessian Railway Company, Vogelsberg Railway
29 December Gießen Gelnhausen Büdingen, 69.7 km, Upper Hessian Railway Company, Lahn-Kinzig Railway
1870 1 January Venlo Hamburg Wesel and Wanne, Haltern, Osnabrück, Bremen, until 1874, 455 km, Cologne-Minden Railway Company, Paris–Hamburg railway
1 January Limburg an der Lahn Westerburg 28.6 km, Prussian state railways, Limburg-Altenkirchen line
11 April Gotha Leinefelde Bad Langensalza, Mühlhausen, 67.07 km, Thuringian Railway Company, Gotha–Leinefelde line
20 April Cottbus Großenhain 79.7 km, Cottbus-Großenhain Railway Company, Großenhain–Cottbus line
1 June Diez Wiesbaden Langenschwalbach, 53.7 km, Prussian state railways, Aar Valley Railway
1 June Schwerte Arnsberg 138 km (to Warburg), until 1873, Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company, Upper Ruhr Valley Railway
29 June Hanau Eberbach Wiebelsbach–Heubach, Erbach, 88.2 km, Hessian Ludwig Railway Company, Odenwald Railway
1 July Lübeck Bad Kleinen 61.9 km, Friedrich-Franz railway, Lübeck–Bad Kleinen railway
4 August Mannheim Karlsruhe 60.7 km, City of Mannheim, Rhine Railway, Hardt Railway
27 December Darmstadt Wiebelsbach–Heubach Ober-Ramstadt, 31.9 km, Hessian Ludwig Railway Company, Odenwald Railway

Maps
Rail network in 1849
Rail network in 1861

References
  • Die Deutschen Eisenbahnen in ihrer Entwicklung 1835–1935 (The development of the German railways, 1835-1935) (in German). Berlin: Deutsche Reichsbahn. 1935.
  • Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Hessen, ed. (2005). Eisenbahn in Hessen. Kulturdenkmäler in Hessen. Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Railways in Hesse. Cultural sites in Hesse. Heritage topography of the Federal Republic of Germany) (in German). Stuttgart: Theiss Verlag. ISBN 3-8062-1917-6.
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