Longlin Various Nationalities Autonomous County

As of 2010, the county had a crude birth rate of 20.04 per 1,000, and a crude death rate of 5.37 per 1,000, giving the county a rate of natural increase of 14.67 per 1,000.[2]

The Zhuang People of Longlin have various cultural similarities to the Yue people who historically inhabited the area, including the use of bronze drums, as well as various autonyms.[2] The towns of Xinzhou, Tianshengqiao, and Pingban, as well as Zhebao Township and Gebu Township all have significant Zhuang populations.[2]

The county is home to six different groups of Miao people:[2][5]

• Lopsided Miao (Chinese: 偏苗; pinyin: Piān Miáo), whose autonyms are Meng Sha (孟沙) and Meng Xia (孟夏)
• Red Head Miao (红头苗; Hóngtóu Miáo), whose autonyms are Meng Lin (孟林), Meng Lun (孟论), Meng Ling (孟令), or Shou Lun (受论)
• Clear Water Miao (清水苗; Qīngshuǐ Miáo), whose autonym is Meng Pu (蒙瀑)
• White Miao (白苗; Bái Miáo), whose autonym is Meng Lou (孟漏)
• Flower Miao (花苗; Huā Miáo), whose autonym is Meng Zou (孟邹)
• Vegetable Miao (素苗; Sù Miáo), also known in Chinese as the Ginger Planing Miao (栽姜苗; Zāi Jiāng Miáo), the Zai River Miao (哉江苗; Zāi Jiāng Miáo), and the Zai Village Miao (哉庄苗; Zāi Zhuāng Miáo), and whose autonyms are Meng Jia Ka (孟加卡) and Meng Bai (孟拜)

Despite these different groups within the Miao populations of Longling, all groups share similar ethnic origins.[2] The Miao People of Longlin County are believed to be native to Hubei and Hunan who migrated southwest towards Guizhou and Yunnan, and later arrived in the region during the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty.[2] The probably reason for this migration appears connected to the Qing suppression of Miao uprisings in Guizhou and Xiangxi.[2] The Miao People of Longlin County have many cultural similarities to Miao populations found in Guizhou, including shared folklore, linguistic dialects, naming conventions, toponymy, rituals, and celebrations.[2]

The towns of Xinzhou and De'e, as well as the townships of Zhuchang Township, Shechang Township, and Kechang Township all have significant Miao populations.[2] The former townships of Kechang, Changfa, and Changme also have considerable Miao populations.[6]

Longlin is home to a considerable amount of Yi (autonym: ŋo˧ pʰu˨˩[7]), who historically lived in western Yunnan.[2] Historical documents from the Nanzhao State suggest that certain Yi populations left Yunnan to avoid inter-tribal violence.[2] Considerable Yi populations live in Xinzhou)|WD=}}, De'e, and Zhuchang Township)|WD=}}.[2] Within De'e, Yi people are concentrated in Agao (阿稿), Nadi (那地), Nongbao (弄保), Tangshi (塘石), and 10 other villages.[6] Yi are also found scattered across various villages in Yancha Township, Zhelang Township, and the former townships of Changfa and Kechang.

The county's Gelao People moved to the area from Guizhou during the early Qing Dynasty, with local legends suggesting that the reason for this migration could have been conflict or famine.[2]

In May 1990, a group of people known as the Lai (徕), who moved to the area from Guizhou during the early Ming Dynasty, were determined to be part of the Gelao people by the county government after a five day hearing on the matter.[2] When the change was made in 1990, 978 people who were formerly classified as Lai in ethnicity were re-designated Gelao in ethnicity.[2]

The county's Gelao people are largely found in De'e, Kechang Township, Zhelang Township, Yancha Township, and Shechang Township.[2] The villages of Sanchong (三冲) and Moji (么基) have particularly large Gelao populations.[6]

The first migration of Han Chinese to the area took place shortly after the Song Dynasty, and a document from 1673 suggests more than 10 Han families lived in area at the time.[2] Areas with large Han populations are Xinzhou, Yacha, Longhuo, Tianshengqiao, Yancha Township, Jieting Township, Shechang Township, Kechang Township, Zhebao Township, and Jinzhongshan Township.[2]