Luis Alva Castro

In the 1980 Peruvian general election, he was the Campaign Head of Peruvian Aprista Party presidential nominee Armando Villanueva. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies, representing La Libertad for the 1980–1985 term, serving as Party Spokesperson.

In 1985, he was selected as part of Alan García presidential ticket for the 1985 Peruvian general election. Jointly reelected to Congress, he was appointed Prime Minister and Finance Minister,[1] serving between 1985 and 1987.[2] Peru developed a steady economy during his tenure, promoting heterodoxy as a good start. The economic plan proposed by Alan García clashed with Alva, leaving his post as the economy would prove to be artificial, evolving into a catastrophic policy of Macroeconomic populism.

One month later after his resignation as both Prime Minister and Finance Minister, Alva was elected as President of the Chamber of Deputies, serving for one year.[3] His increasing party support would prove him as a potential rival in the party leadership to president Alan García. In 1989, he was elected as Secretary General of the Peruvian Aprista Party.

With the country in crisis and the constant attacks from the Shining Path and MRTA, the population participated in the 1990 Peruvian general election. Since 1987, acclaimed writer Mario Vargas Llosa had prepared a full-scale presidential campaign with the Democratic Front coalition, composed of Liberty Movement, the Christian People's Party and Popular Action, the last two being traditional parties. The Peruvian Aprista Party nominated Alva[4] to run for the Presidency against Vargas Llosa, although it was clear that the latter would win in the first round. Unexpectedly, third party nominee and virtually unknown Alberto Fujimori rose in the polls with a clear anti-partisan speech, beating Alva to the second round as the APRA achieved 22.5% of the popular vote and placed third. The election outcome would give victory to Alberto Fujimori, with most analysts discussing a possible agreement with president Alan García, as Alva's votes would pass on to Fujimori.

The Peruvian Aprista Party, led by Alva from outside Congress as Secretary General, achieved 53 deputies and 16 senators, representing a third of each chamber. The parliamentary term would end with the 1992 self-coup, which dissolved the entire legislative branch.

In the following years, under Fujimori's government, Alva would not have greater political participation, except in his party when he was elected again as Secretary General in 1996, a position he held until 1999.

In the 2000 Peruvian general election, he was elected to Congress with a majority of 35,336 votes. The 2000–2005 term would be shortened with the convoking of new general elections for 2001, due to the corruption allegations against Alberto Fujimori and his resignation. In those elections, Alva was reelected to Congress with a majority of 95,050 votes. Based on his experience and high vote count, he was appointed Party Spokesperson, a position he exerted while serving in the abolished Chamber of Deputies. He also served as President of the Andean Community of Nations in 2001.

In August 2005, he was appointed as President of the Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre Private Institute. During this time, he published a renowned work titled "The Asylum Man" (El Señor Asilo), based Haya de la Torre's experience as political refugee in the Colombian Embassy in Peru, during the proceedings of the Asylum case determined by the International Court of Justice.

For the 2006 Peruvian general election, Alva was appointed Peruvian Aprista Party Campaign Head for the North, proving victory for Alan García with the Aprista stronghold in the North of Peru. Conjointly, he was reelected for a third term in Congress, with a majority of 57,409 votes. During the 2006–2011 parliamentary term, he was elected President of the Congress for a year for the 2009-2010, being his first time in charge of the same legislative body since 1987.[5]

Alva was Minister of the Interior from 2007 to 2008, succeeding Pilar Mazzetti. His tenure lasted a little more than a year and a half. After the resignation of Jorge del Castillo as Prime Minister due to the 2008 Peru oil scandal, Alva Castro was not confirmed in his position by new Prime Minister Yehude Simon, being succeeded by former Police General Remigio Hernani Meloni.

Alva failed to achieve a fourth reelection to Congress in the 2011 Peruvian general election. During the campaign, he was involved in a deadly car accident in the Agallpampa District, Otuzco Province. He was the only survivor, as the other Peruvian Aprista Party provincial leaders accompanying him perished in the accident.[6]

On 11 April 2019, at the request of chief prosecutor José Domingo Pérez, judge Richard Concepción Carhuancho gave Alva impediment to leave the country for 18 months, for alleged money laundering, in the framework of the investigation by Odebrecht scandal in Peru. According to the prosecutor's thesis, Alva, in his position of Campaign Head, personally managed to have the Brazilian conglomerate Odebrecht financially support the 2006 Peruvian Aprista Party election campaign, having received USD $200,000 in bribes.[7]