Lycosa

Lycosa is a genus of wolf spiders distributed throughout most of the world. Sometimes called the "true tarantula", though not closely related to the spiders most commonly called tarantulas today, Lycosa spp. can be distinguished from common wolf spiders by their relatively large size. This genus includes the European Lycosa tarantula, which was once associated with tarantism, a dubious affliction whose symptoms included shaking, cold sweats, and a high fever, asserted to be curable only by the traditional tarantella dance. No scientific substantiation of that myth is known; the venom of Lycosa spiders is generally not harmful.

Lycosa
Temporal range: Palaeogene–present
Lycosa aragogi (female)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Lycosidae
Genus: Lycosa
Latreille, 1804[1]
Species

See text.

As of November 2020, more than 200 species in this genus had been described.[1][2]

Lycosa hawaiiensis carrying young
Lycosa leuckarti
Lycosa narbonensis
Lycosa singoriensis
Lycosa tarantula, illustration
Lycosa godeffroyi carrying young

Species list

As of November 2020, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]

  • Lycosa abnormis Guy, 1966 – North Africa
  • Lycosa accurata (Becker, 1886) – Mexico
  • Lycosa adusta Banks, 1898 – Mexico
  • Lycosa affinis Lucas, 1846 – Algeria
  • Lycosa anclata Franganillo, 1946 – Cuba
  • Lycosa apacha Chamberlin, 1925 – USA
  • Lycosa approximata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885) – China (Yarkand)
  • Lycosa aragogi Nadolny & Zamani, 2017 – Iran
  • Lycosa arambagensis Biswas & Biswas, 1992 – India
  • Lycosa ariadnae McKay, 1979 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa articulata Costa, 1875 – Israel
  • Lycosa asiatica Sytshevskaja, 1980 – Tajikistan
  • Lycosa aurea Hogg, 1896 – Central Australia
  • Lycosa auroguttata (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil
  • Lycosa australicola (Strand, 1913) – Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
  • Lycosa australis Simon, 1884 – Chile
  • Lycosa balaramai Patel & Reddy, 1993 – India
  • Lycosa barnesi Gravely, 1924 – India
  • Lycosa baulnyi Simon, 1876 – North Africa
  • Lycosa bedeli Simon, 1876 – North Africa
  • Lycosa beihaiensis Yin, Bao & Zhang, 1995 – China
  • Lycosa bezzii Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina
  • Lycosa bhatnagari Sadana, 1969 – India
  • Lycosa biolleyi Banks, 1909 – Costa Rica
  • Lycosa bistriata Gravely, 1924 – India, Bhutan
  • Lycosa boninensis Tanaka, 1989 – Taiwan, Japan, Korea
  • Lycosa bonneti Guy & Carricaburu, 1967 – Algeria
  • Lycosa brunnea F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 – Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico
  • Lycosa caenosa Rainbow, 1899 – New Caledonia, Vanuatu
  • Lycosa canescens Schenkel, 1963 – China
  • Lycosa capensis Simon, 1898 – South Africa
  • Lycosa carbonelli Costa & Capocasale, 1984 – Uruguay
  • Lycosa carmichaeli Gravely, 1924 – India
  • Lycosa cerrofloresiana Petrunkevitch, 1925 – El Salvador to Panama
  • Lycosa chaperi Simon, 1885 – India, Pakistan
  • Lycosa choudhuryi Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 – India, China
  • Lycosa cingara (C. L. Koch, 1847) – Egypt
  • Lycosa coelestis L. Koch, 1878 – China, Korea, Japan
  • Lycosa connexa Roewer, 1960 – South Africa
  • Lycosa contestata Montgomery, 1903 – USA
  • Lycosa corallina McKay, 1974 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa coreana Paik, 1994 – Korea
  • Lycosa cowlei Hogg, 1896 – Central Australia
  • Lycosa cretacea Simon, 1898 – North Africa
  • Lycosa dacica (Pavesi, 1898) – Romania
  • Lycosa danjiangensis Yin, Zhao & Bao, 1997 – China
  • Lycosa dilatata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 – Mexico to El Salvador
  • Lycosa dimota Simon, 1909 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa discolor Walckenaer, 1837 – USA
  • Lycosa elysae Tongiorgi, 1977 – St. Helena
  • Lycosa emuncta Banks, 1898 – Mexico
  • Lycosa erjianensis Yin & Zhao, 1996 – China
  • Lycosa erythrognatha Lucas, 1836 – Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina
  • Lycosa eutypa Chamberlin, 1925 – Panama
  • Lycosa falconensis Schenkel, 1953 – Venezuela
  • Lycosa fasciiventris Dufour, 1835 – Portugal, Spain, Morocco
  • Lycosa fernandezi (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899) – Chile (Juan Fernandez Is.)
  • Lycosa ferriculosa Chamberlin, 1919 – USA
  • Lycosa formosana Saito, 1936 – Taiwan
  • Lycosa frigens (Kulczyński, 1916) – Russia (West Siberia)
  • Lycosa fuscana Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Lycosa futilis Banks, 1898 – Mexico
  • Lycosa geotubalis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 – India
  • Lycosa gibsoni McKay, 1979 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa gigantea (Roewer, 1960) – South Africa
  • Lycosa gobiensis Schenkel, 1936 – Mongolia, China
  • Lycosa goliathus Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Lycosa grahami Fox, 1935 – China
  • Lycosa gravelyi Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2014 – Bangladesh
  • Lycosa guayaquiliana Mello-Leitão, 1939 – Ecuador
  • Lycosa hawigvittata Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China
  • Lycosa hickmani (Roewer, 1955) – New Guinea, Australia (Northern Australia)
  • Lycosa hildegardae Casanueva, 1980 – Chile
  • Lycosa hispanica (Walckenaer, 1837) – Spain
  • Lycosa horrida (Keyserling, 1877) – Colombia
  • Lycosa howarthi Gertsch, 1973 – Hawaii
  • Lycosa illicita Gertsch, 1934 – Mexico
  • Lycosa immanis L. Koch, 1879 – Russia (West Siberia, Far East)
  • Lycosa impavida Walckenaer, 1837 – USA
  • Lycosa implacida Nicolet, 1849 – Chile
  • Lycosa indagatrix Walckenaer, 1837 – India, Sri Lanka
  • Lycosa indomita Nicolet, 1849 – Chile
  • Lycosa infesta Walckenaer, 1837 – USA
  • Lycosa injusta Banks, 1898 – Mexico
  • Lycosa innocua Doleschall, 1859 – Indonesia (Ambon)
  • Lycosa inornata Blackwall, 1862 – Brazil
  • Lycosa insulana (Bryant, 1923) – Barbados
  • Lycosa insularis Lucas, 1857 – Cuba
  • Lycosa intermedialis Roewer, 1955 – Libya
  • Lycosa interstitialis (Strand, 1906) – Algeria
  • Lycosa inviolata Roewer, 1960 – South Africa
  • Lycosa iranii Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Lycosa ishikariana (Saito, 1934) – Russia (Kurile Is.), Japan
  • Lycosa isolata Bryant, 1940 – Cuba
  • Lycosa jagadalpurensis Gajbe, 2004 – India
  • Lycosa japhlongensis Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2014 – Bangladesh
  • Lycosa kempi Gravely, 1924 – India, Pakistan, Bhutan, China
  • Lycosa koyuga McKay, 1979 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa labialis Mao & Song, 1985 – China, Korea
  • Lycosa labialisoides Peng, Yin, Zhang & Kim, 1997 – China
  • Lycosa laeta L. Koch, 1877 – Eastern Australia
  • Lycosa lambai Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 – India
  • Lycosa langei Mello-Leitão, 1947 – Brazil
  • Lycosa lativulva F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 – Guatemala
  • Lycosa lebakensis Doleschall, 1859 – Indonesia (Java)
  • Lycosa leucogastra Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina
  • Lycosa leucophaeoides (Roewer, 1951) – Australia (Queensland)
  • Lycosa leucophthalma Mello-Leitão, 1940 – Argentina
  • Lycosa leucotaeniata (Mello-Leitão, 1947) – Brazil
  • Lycosa liliputana Nicolet, 1849 – Chile
  • Lycosa longivulva F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 – Guatemala
  • Lycosa mackenziei Gravely, 1924 – Pakistan, India, Bangladesh
  • Lycosa macrophthalma Nadolny & Zamani, 2020 – Iran
  • Lycosa maculata Butt, Anwar & Tahir, 2006 – Pakistan
  • Lycosa madagascariensis Vinson, 1863 – Madagascar
  • Lycosa madani Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Lycosa magallanica Karsch, 1880 – Chile
  • Lycosa magnifica Hu, 2001 – China
  • Lycosa mahabaleshwarensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 – India
  • Lycosa masteri Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Lycosa matusitai Nakatsudi, 1943 – Japan to Micronesia
  • Lycosa maya Chamberlin, 1925 – Mexico
  • Lycosa mexicana Banks, 1898 – Mexico
  • Lycosa minae (Dönitz & Strand, 1906) – Japan
  • Lycosa mordax Walckenaer, 1837 – USA
  • Lycosa moulmeinensis Gravely, 1924 – Myanmar
  • Lycosa mukana Roewer, 1960 – Congo
  • Lycosa munieri Simon, 1876 – North Africa, Spain (Balearic Is.), Italy (Sardinia)
  • Lycosa muntea (Roewer, 1960) – Congo
  • Lycosa niceforoi Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia
  • Lycosa nigricans Butt, Anwar & Tahir, 2006 – Pakistan
  • Lycosa nigromarmorata Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia
  • Lycosa nigropunctata Rainbow, 1915 – Australia (South Australia)
  • Lycosa nigrotaeniata Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia
  • Lycosa nigrotibialis Simon, 1884 – India, Bhutan, Myanmar
  • Lycosa nilotica Audouin, 1826 – Egypt
  • Lycosa nordenskjoldi Tullgren, 1905 – Brazil, Bolivia
  • Lycosa oculata Simon, 1876 – Western Mediterranean
  • Lycosa ovalata Franganillo, 1930 – Cuba
  • Lycosa pachana Pocock, 1898 – Central, Southern Africa
  • Lycosa palliata Roewer, 1960 – South Africa
  • Lycosa pampeana Holmberg, 1876 – Paraguay, Argentina
  • Lycosa paranensis Holmberg, 1876 – Brazil, Argentina
  • Lycosa parvipudens Karsch, 1881 – Kiribati (Gilbert Is.)
  • Lycosa patagonica Simon, 1886 – Chile
  • Lycosa pavlovi Schenkel, 1953 – China
  • Lycosa perkinsi Simon, 1904 – Hawaii
  • Lycosa perspicua Roewer, 1960 – South Africa
  • Lycosa philadelphiana Walckenaer, 1837 – USA
  • Lycosa phipsoni Pocock, 1899 – India to China, Taiwan
  • Lycosa pia (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) – Japan
  • Lycosa picta Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2014 – Bangladesh
  • Lycosa pictipes (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil, Argentina
  • Lycosa pictula Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Lycosa pintoi Mello-Leitão, 1931 – Brazil
  • Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876 – Syria
  • Lycosa poliostoma (C. L. Koch, 1847) – Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
  • Lycosa poonaensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 – India
  • Lycosa porteri Simon, 1904 – Chile
  • Lycosa praegrandis C. L. Koch, 1836 – Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Iran, Central Asia
  • Lycosa praestans Roewer, 1960 – Botswana
  • Lycosa proletarioides Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Argentina
  • Lycosa prolifica Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Lycosa pulchella (Thorell, 1881) – New Guinea, Papua New Guinea (Bismarck Arch.)
  • Lycosa punctiventralis (Roewer, 1951) – Mexico
  • Lycosa quadrimaculata Lucas, 1858 – Gabon
  • Lycosa rimicola Purcell, 1903 – South Africa
  • Lycosa ringens Tongiorgi, 1977 – St. Helena
  • Lycosa rostrata Franganillo, 1930 – Cuba
  • Lycosa rufisterna Schenkel, 1953 – China
  • Lycosa russea Schenkel, 1953 – China
  • Lycosa sabulosa (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885) – China (Yarkand)
  • Lycosa salifodina McKay, 1976 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa salvadorensis Kraus, 1955 – El Salvador
  • Lycosa separata (Roewer, 1960) – Mozambique
  • Lycosa septembris (Strand, 1906) – Ethiopia
  • Lycosa sericovittata Mello-Leitão, 1939 – Brazil
  • Lycosa serranoa Tullgren, 1901 – Chile
  • Lycosa shahapuraensis Gajbe, 2004 – India
  • Lycosa shaktae Bhandari & Gajbe, 2001 – India
  • Lycosa shansia (Hogg, 1912) – China, Mongolia
  • Lycosa shillongensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 – India
  • Lycosa signata Lenz, 1886 – Madagascar
  • Lycosa signiventris Banks, 1909 – El Salvador, Costa Rica
  • Lycosa sigridae (Strand, 1917) – Mexico
  • Lycosa similis Banks, 1892 – USA
  • Lycosa singoriensis (Laxmann, 1770) – Central to eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Iran, Central Asia, China, Korea
  • Lycosa sochoi Mello-Leitão, 1947 – Brazil
  • Lycosa storeniformis Simon, 1909 – Guinea-Bissau
  • Lycosa subfusca F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 – Mexico, Costa Rica
  • Lycosa suboculata Guy, 1966 – North Africa
  • Lycosa suzukii Yaginuma, 1960 – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Japan
  • Lycosa sylvatica (Roewer, 1951) – Algeria
  • Lycosa tarantula (Linnaeus, 1758) (type species) – France (Corsica), Italy, Balkans, Turkey, Middle East
  • Lycosa tarantuloides Perty, 1833 – Brazil
  • Lycosa tasmanicola Roewer, 1960 – Australia (Tasmania)
  • Lycosa teranganicola (Strand, 1911) – Indonesia (Aru Is.)
  • Lycosa terrestris Butt, Anwar & Tahir, 2006 – Pakistan
  • Lycosa tetrophthalma Mello-Leitão, 1939 – Paraguay
  • Lycosa thoracica Patel & Reddy, 1993 – India
  • Lycosa thorelli (Keyserling, 1877) – Colombia to Argentina
  • Lycosa tista Tikader, 1970 – India, Bangladesh
  • Lycosa transversa F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 – Guatemala
  • Lycosa trichopus (Roewer, 1960) – Afghanistan
  • Lycosa tula (Strand, 1913) – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa u-album Mello-Leitão, 1938 – Argentina
  • Lycosa vachoni Guy, 1966 – Algeria
  • Lycosa vellutina Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia
  • Lycosa ventralis F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 – Mexico
  • Lycosa vittata Yin, Bao & Zhang, 1995 – China
  • Lycosa wadaiensis Roewer, 1960 – Chad
  • Lycosa wangi Yin, Peng & Wang, 1996 – China
  • Lycosa woonda McKay, 1979 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa wroughtoni Pocock, 1899 – India
  • Lycosa wulsini Fox, 1935 – China
  • Lycosa yalkara McKay, 1979 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Lycosa yerburyi Pocock, 1901 – Sri Lanka
  • Lycosa yizhangensis Yin, Peng & Wang, 1996 – China
  • Lycosa yunnanensis Yin, Peng & Wang, 1996 – China

References
  1. "Gen. Lycosa Latreille, 1804", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2020-11-03
  2. Planas, E., Fernández-Montraveta, C., & Ribera, C. (2013). Molecular systematics of the wolf spider genus Lycosa (Araneae: Lycosidae) in the Western Mediterranean Basin. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 67(2), 414-428.
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