Matthew 22

Matthew 22 is the twentieth-second chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. Jesus continues his final ministry in Jerusalem before the Passion. Teaching in the Temple,[1] Jesus enters into debate successively with the Pharisees, the Herodians and the Sadducees, ultimately silencing them all.

Matthew 22
Gospel of Matthew 22:32-44 on Minuscule 544, from 13th century.
BookGospel of Matthew
CategoryGospel
Christian Bible partNew Testament
Order in the Christian part1
Gospel of
Matthew
Chapters

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 46 verses.

The narrative can be divided into the following subsections:

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:

Old Testament references

The Wedding Feast (22:1–14)
Main article: Parable of the Wedding Feast

The theme of replacement is very strong here, when those who had been invited but refused the repeated invitations and even murdered the messengers, were substituted by the new people from unlikely groups, from the street corners, including both good and bad, as the guests.[4]

Verse 1
And Jesus answered and spoke to them again by parables and said:[5]

Protestant biblical commentator Heinrich Meyer suggests that Jesus' reply, "by way of rejoinder",[6] was his answer to the chief priests' and scribes' desire to arrest him in the previous verse.[7][8] A number of modern English translations lack wording corresponding to the Greek: Καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς, kai apokritheis: for example, the Jerusalem Bible reads: Jesus began to speak to them in parables once again [9] and the New International Version reads Jesus spoke to them again in parables, saying:[10] The Revised Geneva Translation (2019) maintains the wording Then Jesus answered, and spoke to them again in parables, saying...[11]

Roman Taxation (22:15–22)
Main article: Render unto Caesar

The trap was laid for Jesus concerning the Roman poll-tax, which was fiercely opposed by patriotic Jews, but Jesus exposed those who carried the denarius as hypocrites, because the coin bears Caesar's idolatrous portrait with the inscription "Son of God".[12]

The Resurrection (22:23–33)

The Sadducees held no belief in afterlife, because they maintained that it was not taught in any of Moses' five books, the only authoritative Scriptures they accepted, but Jesus pointed out that the basis of the belief in resurrection can be found within the books of Moses, such as in Exodus 3:6.[12]

The Greatest Commandment (22:34–40)

The combination of Deuteronomy 6:5 and Leviticus 19:18 was a brilliantly creative idea, as it brings the focus on the two halves of the Ten Commandments as a foundation of life, and sums up that duty as love, that is, a God-like attitude beyond the specific requirements of the Law.[12]

'Son of David?' (22:41–46)

Jesus was warning the people against judging his ministry in traditional terms, because far from being enthroned in Jerusalem as king like David, he would soon be put to death on the cross, where he would be known at last not as a Son of David (a title that ceases to exist), but as 'Son of God' (Matthew 27:54).[13]

See also

References
  1. See Matthew 21:23
  2. Coogan 2007, p. 43 New Testament.
  3. Kirkpatrick, A. F. (1901). The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes. The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Book IV and V: Psalms XC-CL. Cambridge: At the University Press. p. 839. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
  4. France 1994, p. 932.
  5. Matthew 22:1: NKJV
  6. Meyer, H. A. W., Meyer's NT Commentary on Matthew 11:25, accessed 6 October 2019
  7. Matthew 21:46: NKJV
  8. Meyer, H. A. W., Meyer's NT Commentary on Matthew 22, accessed 6 October 2019
  9. Matthew 22:1: Jerusalem Bible (1966)
  10. Matthew 22:1: NKJV
  11. Matthew 22:1: RGT
  12. France 1994, p. 933.
  13. France 1994, pp. 933–934.

Sources
Preceded by
Matthew 21		 Chapters of the New Testament
Gospel of Matthew		 Succeeded by
Matthew 23
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