Milbanke Sound

Milbanke Sound is a sound on the coast of the Canadian province of British Columbia.[1]

Milbanke Sound
Satellite image of Milbanke Sound
Milbanke Sound
Location in British Columbia
LocationBritish Columbia, Canada
Coordinates52°19′N 128°33′W
TypeSound
Ocean/sea sourcesPacific Ocean

Geography

Milbanke Sound extends east from Queen Charlotte Sound, with Price Island on the west, Swindle Island on the north, and the Bardswell Group of islands on the south.[2] Milbanke Sound is one of the open sea portions of the Inside Passage, with Seaforth Channel joining from the east and Finlayson Channel from the north.[3][4] Mathieson Channel also connects to Milbanke Sound from the north, and leads to Fiordland Conservancy.

On the islands surrounding the sound is a group of five volcanos called the Milbanke Sound cones.[5]

History

The Heiltsuk peoples traditionally occupied the land around Milbanke Sound.[6][7][8]

In late June, 1788, the British fur trader Charles Duncan, captain of Princess Royal, entered Milbanke Sound, which was then uncharted waters. He spent a few days trading with the Heiltsuk.[9] He named the sound after Vice Admiral Mark Milbanke.[10] Explorer George Vancouver sailed through the sound a few years later.[8][11] In 1805, a trading ship from Boston, the Atahualpa, was attacked by a group of Tlingit; the captain and some of the crew were killed.[12][13]

In 1833 the Hudson's Bay Company established Fort McLoughlin in the Milbanke Sound area.[14][15] William Fraser Tolmie was stationed there in 1833-1834. Tolmie wrote about the fur trade in the area, saying that it was conducted with the Coast Tsimshians and Heiltsuks, using a pidgin jargon composed of the Kaigani and Tshatshinni dialects of Haida and English. Chinook Jargon, commonly used elsewhere, was not widely known in Milbanke Sound at the time.[16] The fort operated for about ten years, and then was abandoned; the company later opened a small store at the same location.[17]

To improve the safety of the developing travel and shipping lanes, a lighthouse was built in 1898 at Robb Point on Ivory Island.[18]

In recent times archaeological investigations have been carried out in the Milbanke Sound area.[19][20]

Economy

The sound is popular with sports fishing enthusiasts.[21]

See also

References
  1. "Milbanke Sound". Canadian Geographical Names. Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved March 19, 2018.
  2. British Columbia Pilot ...: The coast of British Columbia from Cape Caution to Portland Inlet, including the Queen Charlotte Islands and Dixon Entrance. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1930. p. 103.
  3. Great Britain. Hydrographic Department (1935). The British Columbia Pilot: Comp. from Admiralty Surveys. p. v.
  4. United States. Hydrographic Office (1952). Sailing Directions for British Columbia: The coast of British Columbia from Cape Caution to Portland Inlet, including the Queen Chalotte Island and Dixon Entrance. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 62–65.
  5. Charles A. Wood; Jurgen Kienle (ed) (27 November 1992). Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada. Cambridge University Press. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-521-43811-7.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  6. "Heiltsuk (Bella Bella)", The Canadian Encyclopedia
  7. Historical Notes on the Bella Bella Heiltsuk Archived 2009-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, The Heiltsuk Cultural Education Centre
  8. W. Kaye Lamb (15 May 2017). The Voyage of George Vancouver, 1791–1795: Volumes I–IV. Taylor & Francis. p. 1062. ISBN 978-1-317-01233-7.
  9. Galois, Robert (2004). Voyage to the Northwest Side of America: The Journals of James Colnett, 1786-89. University of British Columbia (UBC) Press. pp. 9, 11, 17, 62, 99, 263–264, 329. ISBN 978-0-7748-0855-2. online at Google Books
  10. V., Akrigg, G. P. (1997). British Columbia place names. Akrigg, Helen B. (3rd ed.). Victoria, BC: UBC Press. ISBN 0774806362. OCLC 41086359.
  11. Barry Gough (15 June 2015). Juan de Fuca's Strait: Voyages in the Waterway of Forgotten Dreams. Harbour Publishing. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-55017-653-7.
  12. Mary Malloy (1998). "Boston Men" on the Northwest Coast: The American Maritime Fur Trade 1788-1844. Limestone Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-1-895901-18-4.
  13. Owen Matthews (12 November 2013). Glorious Misadventures: Nikolai Rezanov and the Dream of a Russian America. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 285–. ISBN 978-1-62040-241-2.
  14. Jan Peterson (2002). Black Diamond City: Nanaimo, the Victorian Era. Heritage House Publishing Co. p. 25. ISBN 978-1-894384-51-3.
  15. "Our History: The Scots who helped build B.C.". Times Colonist, Jan Peterson / May 16, 2014
  16. Wurm, Stephen A.; Peter Mühlhäusler; Darrell T. Tryon (1996). Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas. Mouton de Gruyter. p. 1198. ISBN 3-11-013417-9. online at Google Books
  17. Barry Pritzker (1998). Native Americans: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Peoples. ABC-CLIO. p. 230. ISBN 978-0-87436-836-9.
  18. Jim Gibbs (January 1986). Lighthouses of the Pacific. Schiffer Pub. p. 245. ISBN 978-0-88740-054-4.
  19. Archaeological Investigations in the Hecate Strait-Milbanke Sound Area, Archaeological Survey of Canada
  20. "Angling at B.C.'s Top Fishing Resorts". Vancouver Sun, David Y. Wei and Suzanne L. Clouthier , May 16, 2016
  21. "Great Fishing on the Wild Central Coast of British Columbia". Sports Fishing Magazine, Doug Olander. September 15, 2014
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