NCAA Division I independent schools (ice hockey)
NCAA Division I independent schools are teams that compete in NCAA ice hockey but are not members of a conference. There are several current schools who, at one time or another, competed as Division I independents.
Location of Division I
hockey independents
hockey independents
Current independent programs
Men
| Institution | Team | Location | Founded | Type | Enrollment | Years | Primary Conference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona State University | Sun Devils[1] | Tempe, Arizona | 1885 | Public | 50,246 | 2015–present | Pac-12 Conference |
| Long Island University | Sharks[2] | Brooklyn & Brookville, New York | 1926 | Private | 15,197 | 2020–present | Northeast Conference |
The Sun Devils moved up from club hockey in the ACHA to full varsity status. Arizona State began playing a full Division I schedule in 2016–17. The Sharks launched their men's program for the 2020–21 season.
With the 2020–21 season dramatically impacted by COVID-19, both programs will be in scheduling alliances with Division I conferences for that season—Arizona State with the Big Ten Conference[3] and LIU with Atlantic Hockey.[2]
Women
No women's program has competed as an independent in the National Collegiate division of women's ice hockey, the de facto equivalent of Division I in that sport, since the 2018–19 season. The NCAA has never sponsored a Division II championship in the sport, although it does sponsor a Division III championship.
Five schools competed as independents in the 2018–19 season, all participating in the nascent New England Women's Hockey Alliance (NEWHA), which had originally been established in 2017 as a scheduling alliance among all of the then-current National Collegiate independents. The NEWHA initially included six schools, but Holy Cross left after the inaugural 2017–18 NEWHA season to join Hockey East. The NEWHA officially organized as a conference in advance of the 2018–19 season,[4] but was not officially recognized by the NCAA as a Division I league until the 2019–20 season, by which time the newly launched LIU program had joined as the sixth member.[5]
Current programs which were at one point independent
Men
| School | Years | Subsequent conference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air Force Falcons[6] | 1968–1999 | CHA | Joined Atlantic Hockey in 2006 |
| Alabama–Huntsville Chargers[7] | 1987–1992 1998–1999 2010–2013 | Division II CHA WCHA | The Chargers first competed as a Division I independent between stints in Division II. After winning 2 championships and finishing as runners-up twice more, UAH returned to Division I in 1998, spending one season as an independent before becoming a charter member of College Hockey America. Following the demise of the men's side of CHA, and being denied entry to the CCHA,[8] the Chargers were independent for three seasons (2010–11 to 2012–13)[9] until joining the Western Collegiate Hockey Association beginning in the 2013–14 season.[10] |
| Alaska–Anchorage Seawolves[11] | 1984–1985 1988–1993 | GWHC WCHA | The Seawolves competed as an independent following the demise of the Great West Hockey Conference. The school joined the Western Collegiate Hockey Association in 1993. UAA received NCAA tournament bids in 1990, 1991, and 1992 while an independent. The 2020–21 season will be the team's last.[12] |
| Alaska–Fairbanks Nanooks[13] | 1925–1926 1932–1973 1988–1994 | dropped program Division II CCHA | The Nanooks re-joined Division I in 1985 in the Great West Hockey Conference, and went independent following the conference's demise. They joined the Central Collegiate Hockey Association in 1994. Joined the WCHA in 2013. |
| Army Black Knights[14] | 1903–1961 1991–1999 | ECAC CHA | Joined Atlantic Hockey in 2000 |
| Bemidji State Beavers[15] | 1947–1950 | dropped program | Bemidji returned to Division I in 1999 as a charter member of College Hockey America, and moved to the WCHA for 2010–11. The Beavers have since announced that they will become part of the revived CCHA in 2021. |
| Boston College Eagles[16] | 1917–1961 | ECAC | Currently competes in Hockey East |
| Boston University Terriers[17] | 1917–1943 1945–1961 | suspended program ECAC | Currently competes in Hockey East |
| Brown Bears[18] | 1897–1961 | ECAC | |
| Clarkson Golden Knights[19] | 1920–1950 | Tri-State League | Clarkson was a member of the Tri-State League concurrently with ECAC from 1961 until the Tri-State's dissolution in 1972. |
| Colgate Raiders[20] | 1915–1917 1920–1950 1957–1961 | dropped program Tri-State League ECAC | Colgate dropped their program in 1951 due to the lack of an indoor facility but returned to the ice in 1957. |
| Colorado College Tigers[21] | 1937–1951 1958–1959 | MCHL WCHA | Joined the National Collegiate Hockey Conference (NCHC) in 2013 |
| Cornell Big Red[22] | 1900–1901 1902–1903 1906–1916 1920–1931 1933–1948 1957–1961 | dropped program dropped program suspended program dropped program dropped program ECAC | |
| Dartmouth Big Green[23] | 1905–1918 1919–1961 | suspended program ECAC | |
| Denver Pioneers[24] | 1949–1951 1958–1959 | MCHL WCHA | Joined the NCHC in 2013 |
| Harvard Crimson[25] | 1897–1917 1918–1943 1945–1961 | suspended program suspended program ECAC | |
| UMass Minutemen[26] | 1908–1939 1947–1951 1953–1961 1993–1994 | dropped program dropped program Division II Hockey East | Dropped program from 1979 until 1993 |
| Merrimack Warriors[27] | 1984–1989 | Hockey East | Moved up from Division II in 1984. Merrimack received an NCAA tournament invitation in 1988 while an independent. |
| Miami RedHawks[28] | 1978–1980 | CCHA | Joined the NCHC in 2013 |
| Michigan Wolverines[29] | 1922–1951 | MCHL | Was also a member of the Big Ten from 1958 through 1981. Moved to CCHA in 1981. Joined the new Big Ten men's hockey league in 2013. |
| Michigan State Spartans[30] | 1921–1930 1949–1951 | dropped program MCHL | Was also a member of the Big Ten from 1958 through 1981. Moved to CCHA in 1981. Joined the new Big Ten men's hockey league in 2013. |
| Michigan Tech Huskies[31] | 1919–1951 1958–1959 | MCHL WCHA | Played in the CCHA from 1981–84. Re-joined the WCHA in 1984; will become part of the revived CCHA in 2021. |
| Minnesota Golden Gophers[32] | 1921–1951 | MCHL | Was also a member of the Big Ten from 1958 through 1981. Joined the new Big Ten men's hockey league in 2013 |
| Minnesota–Duluth Bulldogs[33] | 1930–1932 1946–1965 | dropped program WCHA | Joined the NCHC in 2013 |
| Minnesota State Mavericks[34] | 1996–1999 | WCHA | After moving up from Division II and before joining the WCHA. Will become a member of the revived CCHA in 2021. |
| New Hampshire Wildcats[35] | 1924–1961 | ECAC | Currently competes in Hockey East |
| Niagara Purple Eagles[36] | 1997–1999 | CHA | Niagara began varsity hockey in 1997, and became a charter member of the CHA in 1999. They moved to Atlantic Hockey for 2010–11. |
| North Dakota Fighting Hawks[37] | 1929–1936 1946–1951 1958–1959 | dropped program MCHL WCHA | Joined the NCHC in 2013 |
| Northeastern Huskies[38] | 1929–1961 | ECAC | Currently competes in Hockey East |
| Northern Michigan Wildcats[39] | 1976–1977 | CCHA | Joined the WCHA in 2013; will join the revived CCHA in 2021. |
| Notre Dame Fighting Irish[40] | 1912–1927 1968–1971 1984–1991 | dropped program WCHA CCHA | Left the CCHA in 2013 for Hockey East. |
| Ohio State Buckeyes[41] | 1963–1971 1973–1975 | CCHA CCHA | Joined the new Big Ten men's hockey league in 2013 |
| Penn State Nittany Lions | 2012–2013 | Big Ten | In September 2010, Penn State announced they would add men's and women's NCAA Division I hockey programs in 2012, competing in their first season as an independent.[42] In March 2011, the Big Ten Conference announced that Michigan, Michigan State, and Ohio State would leave the CCHA, and Minnesota and Wisconsin announced that they would leave the WCHA to form a Big Ten hockey conference to begin play in the 2013–14 season.[43] |
| Princeton Tigers[44] | 1900–1961 | ECAC | |
| Providence Friars[45] | 1926–1927 1952–1954 1955–1961 | dropped program Northeast League ECAC | Currently competes in Hockey East |
| RPI Engineers[46] | 1901–1950 | Tri-State League | Rensselaer was a member of the Tri-State League concurrently with ECAC from 1961 until the Tri-State's dissolution in 1972. |
| RIT Tigers[47] | 2005–2006 | Atlantic Hockey | Played first year of its probation period after joining Division I as an independent. |
| Sacred Heart Pioneers[48] | 1993–1998 | MAAC | |
| St. Cloud State Huskies[49] | 1931–1942 1987–1990 | dropped program WCHA | Dropped their program during World War II, resumed in 1946 in Division II. Joined the NCHC in 2013. |
| St. Lawrence Saints[50] | 1925–1930 1938–1950 | dropped program Tri-State League |
St. Lawrence was a member of the Tri-State League concurrently with ECAC from 1961 until the Tri-State's dissolution in 1972. |
| Union Dutchmen[51] | 1903–1949 | dropped program | Suspended their program from 1949–1975, resumed in Division III, before moving back to Division I in the ECAC in 1991. |
| Wisconsin Badgers[52] | 1921–1935 1963–1969 | dropped program WCHA | Joined the new Big Ten men's hockey league in 2013 |
| Yale Bulldogs[53] | 1895–1961 | ECAC | Yale is the oldest active NCAA program. |
Women
| School | Years | Subsequent conference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clarkson Golden Knights[54] | 2003–2004 | ECAC | Played the first year of their program as an independent before joining the ECAC |
| Franklin Pierce Ravens | 2017–2019 | NEWHA | Moved from the Division III NEHC in 2017, joining the NEWHA.[55] Left independent status upon NCAA recognition of the NEWHA. |
| Holy Cross Crusaders[56] | 2017–2018 | Hockey East | After playing as a de facto Division III program from the varsity program's creation in 1999–2000, joined the NEWHA at its formation in 2017–18 before moving to Hockey East the following season. |
| Lindenwood Lady Lions | 2011–2012 | CHA | The university competed as an independent for the 2011–12 season during the transition process of joining the NCAA from NAIA, during which, the team was reclassifying from ACHA Division I to NCAA Division I. Lindenwood placed an application in Fall 2011 and was accepted as a member of CHA starting in the 2012–13 season.[57] |
| Post Eagles | 2017–2019 | NEWHA | Played inaugural women's hockey season of 2016–17 as a Division III independent ineligible for postseason play.[58] Joined the NEWHA at its formation in 2017 and left independent status upon NCAA recognition of the NEWHA. |
| Quinnipiac Bobcats[59] | 2002–2004 | CHA | Left the ECAC after 2002 and spent two years playing as an independent before joining the CHA. They returned to the ECAC after one season in the CHA. |
| RPI Engineers[60] | 2005–2006 | ECAC | Moved up from Division III (where they were a member of the ECAC East) in 2005. |
| Sacred Heart Pioneers[61] | 2003–2019 | NEWHA | Moved from the Division III ECAC East in 2003. Founding member of the NEWHA in 2017; left independent status upon NCAA recognition of that league. |
| Saint Anselm Hawks | 2017–2019 | NEWHA | Moved from the Division III NEHC in 2017, joining the NEWHA.[62] Left independent status upon NCAA recognition of the NEWHA. |
| Saint Michael's Purple Knights | 2017–2019 | NEWHA | Moved from the Division III NEHC in 2017, joining the NEWHA.[63] Left independent status upon NCAA recognition of the NEWHA. |
| UConn Huskies[64] | 2000–2001 | ECAC | Played the first year of their program as an independent before joining the ECAC, and moving to Hockey East in 2002. |
Defunct teams
Men
| School | Years | Subsequent conference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carnegie Tech Tartans[65] | 1905–1909 1920–1921 | Intercollegiate League dropped program | The program was suspended after 1910 when the Intercollegiate League collapsed. |
| Columbia Lions | 1896–1915 1920–1923 1936–1938 | dropped program dropped program dropped program | |
| Johns Hopkins Blue Jays | 1895–1898 | dropped program | Johns Hopkins played the first two intercollegiate games against Yale in 1896.[66] |
| Kent State Golden Flashes [67] | 1985–1992 | CCHA | Program folded in 1994. |
| Illinois Fighting Illini[68] | 1937–1943 | dropped program | |
| UIC Flames[69] | 1981–1982 | CCHA | Moved up from Division II in 1981. Program folded in 1996. |
| MIT Engineers[70] | 1900–1961 | ECAC | The program joined the lower-tier division in 1964 and was dropped in 1975. |
| Northern Arizona Lumberjacks [71][72] | 1980–1985 | GWHC | Folded their program after one season in the GWHC due to rink problems. |
| Penn Quakers[73] | 1898–1901 1908–1911 1919–1924 1928–1929 1939–1942 1958–1967 | dropped program dropped program dropped program dropped program dropped program ECAC | Program ended after the 1977-78 season. |
| Pittsburgh Panthers[74] | 1896–1909 | Intercollegiate League | varsity hockey was played intermittently from at least 1896, varsity program dropped presumably around 1916, if not earlier. |
| Saint Louis Billikens[75] | 1970–1971 | CCHA | St. Louis was a founding member of the CCHA and continued with the conference until the program was demoted to club status in 1979. They currently play as an unrecognized Division II team. |
| Syracuse Orange[76] | 1911–1913 1923–1928 1939–1940 | dropped program dropped program dropped program | |
| US International Gulls[72][77] | 1979–1985 | GWHC | Dropped their program in 1988. |
| Villanova Wildcats[78][79] | 1929–1932 | dropped program | Returned as a Division III team and later dropped their program again after the 1997–1998 season for Title IX reasons. |
Women
| School | Years | Subsequent conference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| North Dakota Fighting Hawks[80] | 2002–2004 | WCHA | Played the first years of their program as an independent before joining the WCHA. Dropped women's ice hockey after the 2016–17 season.[81] |
See also
References
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