Names of European cities in different languages: I–L
I
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Iași | Iași (Romanian*),[KNAB] Iasi - 이아시 (Korean*), Iásio - Ιάσιο (Greek*), Iassium (Latin*), Iassy (French variant*, Historical variant*), Iassi (Historical variant*), Jaš - Јаш (Serbian*),[KNAB] Jaš - Яш (Bulgarian),[KNAB] Jasai (Lithuanian*),[KNAB] Jasi' (Latvian*), Jaši - Јаши (Serbian alternative*), Jassenmarkt (archaic German), Jassi (archaic Italian), Jassy (English variant*, German*,[KNAB] Polish*,[KNAB]), Jassy - Яссы (Russian*),[KNAB] Jassy - Ясси (Ukrainian),[KNAB] Jasy (Czech*[KNAB], Slovak*[KNAB]), Jászvásár (Hungarian*), Yaş (Turkish*), Yash - יאס (Yiddish*), Yashi (Romani*), Yashi - (Japanese*), Yassi (Historical variant*), Yassy (Historical variant*), Yǎxī - 雅西 (Mandarin Chinese*), Yos - יאש (Yiddish alternative) |
| Iglesias | Esglésies* or Iglésies* (Catalan), Igeullesiaseu / Igŭllesiasŭ - 이글레시아스 (Korean), Iglesias (Italian*, Romanian*, Spanish*), Igresias (Sardinian)*, Is Cresias (former Sardinian)*, Villa di Chiesa (former Italian)* |
| Iisalmi | Iisalmi (Finnish)*, Idensalmi (Swedish)* |
| Ilanz | Glion (Romansh)*, Ilanz (German)* |
| Inari | Aanaar (Inari Sami)*, Anaar (Skolt Sami)*, Anár (Northern Sami)*, Enare (Swedish)*, Inari (Finnish)*, Inari - 이나리 (Korean) |
| Innsbruck | Dispruch (Ladin), Innsbruck (Finnish*, German*, Romanian*), Innzbruk (Hungarian), Inomost (Old Slovene)*, Innomostí* / Inšpruk* (Czech), Insbruka (Latvian)*, Insbrukas (Lithuanian)*, Insbruque (Portuguese)*, Inseubeurukeu / Insŭbŭruk'ŭ - 인스브루크 (Korean), Insuburukku - インスブルック (Japanese)*, Inzbrik (Yiddish), Inzbruk (Serbian)*, Puntina (Romansh), 因斯布鲁克 (Chinese) |
| Ioannina | Giannina (Italian)*, Ianina (Aromanian, Romanian*), Ioánnina - Ιωάννινα (Greek)*, Janina (Czech*, Finnish*, Lithuanian*, Portuguese*), Janinë* / Janina* (Albanian), Janjina - Јањина (Serbian)*, Joanina (Portuguese variant)*, Yánena - Γιάννενα* and Yánina - Γιάννινα* (Greek variants), Yanina (Azeri)*, Yanya (Turkish)* |
| Inverness | Inbhir Nis (Scots Gaelic)*, Inbhear Nis (Irish)*, Inbeoneseu / Inbŏnesŭ - 인버네스 (Korean), 因華尼斯 (Chinese-HK), 因弗內斯 (Chinese-PRC)* |
| Iraklion | See Heraklion |
| Istanbul | Carigrad (Slovene), Estambol (Ladino)*, Estambul (Spanish)*, Iostanbúl (Irish), Iseutanbul or Isŭt'anbul – 이스탄불 (Korean), Isutambūru - イスタンブール (Japanese)*, Istamboul (French alternate)*, Istambul Portuguese*), Istambuł* or Stambuł* (Polish), Истамбул or Цариград (Bulgarian) استانبول = Estānbol (Persian*), Istanboel (Afrikaans, Dutch*), Isṭanbūl – إسطنبول (Arabic)*, İsțanbul (Azeri*, Turkish*), Istanbul (Bosnian*, Croatian*, Czech*, German*, French*, Italian*, Ladino alternate *, Maltese, Romanian*, Serbian* Tagalog*), Isztambul (Hungarian)*, Konstantinúpolis – Κωνσταντινούπολις* or I Póli – Η Πόλη* (i.e. "The City") (Greek), Mikligarður (Icelandic)*, Stamboll (Albanian)*, Stamboul (French alternate [old, rare])*, Stambul – Ստամբուլ (Armenian)*, Stambul – Стамбу́л (Russian*, Ukrainian*), Stambula (Latvian)*, Stambulas (Lithuanian)*, Stambuli – სტამბული (Georgian)*, Stenbol (Kurdish)*,Sztambul (old Hungarian)*, 伊斯坦堡* or 伊斯坦布爾* (Chinese)
Former names: Asitane, Dersaadet, Estambul, Konstantiniye, Konstantinopyla, Kospoli, Kostan, Kushta, Kushtandina or Payitaht (Payitaht, from Persian پایتخت simply means "Capital City", taht meaning "throne"; Turkish variants during Ottoman period), Beasantian or Baile Chòiseam (Scottish Gaelic), an Bhiosáint or Cathair Chonstaintín (Irish), Bysans* or Byzantion* or Konstantinopel* (Swedish), Bysants* or Konstantinopel* (Norwegian), Bizanc* or Carigrad* or Konstantinopel* (Slovene), Bizánc* or Konstantinápoly* (Hungarian), Bizanci* or Constantinoble* (Catalan), Bizancio* or Constantinopla* (Spanish), Bizâncio* or Constantinopla* (Portuguese), قسطنطنیه = Qostantaniyeh (Persian), Biżanzju or Kostantinopli (Maltese), Bizancjum* or Carogród* or Konstantynopol* (Polish), Bizans* or Qüstəntiniyyə* (Azeri), Bizant*, Carigrad* or Konstantinopol* (Croatian), Bizanţ*, Constantinopol*, Constantinopole*, Stambul* or Ţarigrad* (Romanian), Bisanzio* or Costantinopoli* (Italian),Byzance* or Constantinople* or Stamboul* (French), Byzantion* or Cařihrad* or Konstantinopol* (Czech), Byzantium* or Constantinopolis* (Latin), Byzantium * or Constantinople* (English), Byzanz* or Byzantion* or Konstantinopel* (German), Caergystennin (Welsh)*, Caregrad – Царегра́д, Carjgrad – Царьгра́д, Carjgorod – Царьгород, Vizantij – Виза́нтий or Konstantinopolj – Константино́поль (Russian)*, Carigrad* or Konstantinopolj* or Stambol* (Serbian), Carihrad* or Konštantínopol* (Slovak), Constantinopel (Dutch)*, Konseutantinopolliseu or K'onsŭt'ant'inop'ollisŭ – 콘스탄티노폴리스 (Korean), Konstantinobolis (Armenian), Konstantínópel (Icelandic)*, Konstantinopla (Tagalog*), Konstantinopoli (Finnish)*, Konsutantinōpuru – コンスタンティノープル (Japanese)*, Miklagård (old Swedish)*, Mikligarðr (Old Norse), Qushta – קושטא/איסטנבול (Hebrew)*, Vizántion – Βυζάντιον* or Konstantinoupoli – Κωνσταντινούπολη* (Greek), 拜占庭 or 君士坦丁堡 (Chinese)*, Tsarigrad – Цариград (Bulgarian)*, Konstantinápoly or Bizánc (Hungarian) |
| Ivalo | Avveel (Inari Sami)*, Âˊvvel (Skolt Sami)*, Avvil (Northern Sami)*, Ivalo (Finnish)* |
| Ivangorod | Ivangorod – Ивангород (Russian)*, Jaanilinn (Estonian)*, Iivananlinna (Finnish) |
| Ivano-Frankivsk | Ivano-Frankivsjk – Івано-Франківськ (Ukrainian)*, Ivano-Frankovsk – Ивано-Франковск (Russian)*, Iwano-Frankowsk (Polish)*, İvano-Frankovsk (Turkish)*, Ivano-Frankivskas (Lithuanian)*, Iwano-Frankiwsk (German)*, Stanislau (former German)*, Stanislavov - Станиславов (former Russian)*, Stanislavovas (former Lithuanian)*, Stanislev - סטאַניסלעװ (Yiddish)*, Stanisławów (former Polish)*, Stanyslaviv - Станиславів (former Ukrainian)* |
J
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Jablonec nad Nisou | Gablonz an der Neiße (German)*, Jabłonec nad Nysą (Polish)* |
| Jablunkov | Jabłonków (Polish)*, Jablunkov (Czech)*, Jablunkau (German)* |
| Jakobstad | Jakobstad (Swedish)*, Pietarsaari (Estonian*, Finnish*) |
| Jarosław | Jaroslau (German)*, Jaroslav (Czech), Jarosław (Polish)*, Yareslev - יאַרעסלעװ (Yiddish)*, Jaroslav - Ярослав (Russian)*, 雅羅斯拉夫 (Chinese) |
| Jastrzębie-Zdrój | Jastrzębie-Zdrój (Polish)*, Bad Königsdorff-Jastrzemb (German)*, Ястшембе-Здруй (Russian)* |
| Jelgava | Jelgava (Latvian, Lithuanian)*, Mintauja (Old Lithuanian)*, Mitau (German)*, Mitava - Митава* / Jelgava - Елгава* (Russian), Mitawa (Polish)* |
| Jena | Iéna (French)*, Iena (Portuguese*, Romanian*), Jena (German)*, Iena - Ιένα (Greek)*, Jéna (Hungarian)*, Jjena - Йена (Russian)* 耶拿 (Chinese) |
| Jihlava | Iglau (German)*, Jihlava (Czech)* |
| Jurbarkas | Jurbarkas (Lithuanian)*, Georgenburg* / Jurgenburg* / Eurburg* (German), Jurborg / Jurburg' / Yurburg / Yurberig / Yurbrik (Yiddish)*, Jurbarkas (Samogitian)* |
K
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Kajaani | Kajaani (Finnish)*, Kajana (Swedish)* |
| Kaliningrad | after 1946: Caliningrado / Calininegrado (Portuguese variants)*, Kaliningrad - Калининград (Bulgarian*, Russian*), Kalininhrad - Калінінград (Belarusian*, Ukrainian*), Kalíngrad (Icelandic)*, Kaliningrad (Finnish*, Romanian*, Maltese, Swedish*, Turkish*), Kaliningrad - Καλίνινγκραντ (Greek)*, Kaliningrad* (Polish), Kaliningradas, Karaliaučius (Lithuanian)*, Kalėningrads, Karaliaučios (Samogitian)*, Kaļiņingrada (Latvian)*, Kaliningrado (Portuguese*, Spanish*), Kalinjingrad (Croatian) *, Kalinyingrád, Königsberg (Hungarian)*, Kaljinjingrad - Каљињинград (Serbian)*, Karīningurādo - カリーニングラード (Japanese)*, Jiālǐnìnggélè - 加里寧格勒 (Chinese). before 1946: |
| Kamenz | Kamenz (German)*, Kamjenc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Kamianets-Podilskyi | Camenecium (Latin)*, Cameniţa (Romanian)*, Kamenets - קאַמענעץ (Yiddish)*, Kamenec-Podoljskij - Каменец-Подольский (Russian)*, Kamieniec Podolski (Polish)*, Kamjanecj-Podiljsjkyj, otherwise transcribed as Kamyanets'-Podil's'kyi or Kamyanets-Podilskyi - Кам’янець-Подільський (Ukrainian)*, Kamjanets-Podilskyi (Finnish)*, Kamenyec-Podolszkij (Hungarian)*, Kamyanets-Podilskıy (Crimean Tatar), |
| Kamianske | Kamenskoe (former German)*, Kamenskoe - Каменское (Russian), Kamenskoye (former English), Kamianske (English, French, Portuguese, Romanian), Kamianskė (Lithuanian), Kamianské (Spanish), Kamianske - Кам'янскэ (Belarusian), Kamienskaje - Каменскае (Taraškievica Belarusian), Kamieńskie (Polish), Kamjanske (Czech, Dutch, Estonian, German, Latvian), Kamjanszke (Hungarian), Kamyanske (Crimean Tatar, Turkish), Kamian'ske - Камяньске (Rusyn), Kam'ians'ke - Кам'янське (Ukrainian)
in 1936-2016: |
| Kandalaksha | Kandalakša - Кандалакша (Russian)*, Kannanlahti* / Kantalahti* (Finnish) |
| Kartuzy | Cartusia (Latin)*, Karthaus (German)*, Kartuzë (Kashubian)*, Kartuzy (Polish)* |
| Katowice | Katowice (Polish*, Hungarian*), Katovicai (Lithuanian)*, Katovice (Bulgarian*), Katovice (Czech*, Latvian*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovakian*), Katoviçe (Turkish)*, Kattowitz (German)*; Stalinogród (Polish 1953–1956)* |
| Kaunas | Caunas (Portuguese)*, Kauen (German)*, Kovna - קובנה (Hebrew), Kauņa (Latvian)*, Kaunas (Azeri*, Finnish*, Lithuanian*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Kaunas - Каунас (Bulgarian *, Russian *), Kaunaseu / K'aunasŭ - 카우나스(Korean)*, Kaunasu - カウナス (Japanese)*, Kauns (Samogitian)*, Koŭna - Коўна (Belarusian)*, Kovne - קאָװנע (Yiddish)*, Kovno (Czech)*, Kowno (Polish)*, kaonasi 考那斯 (Chinese)* |
| Kavadarci | Kavadarci (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Кавадарци (Macedonian) |
| Kazan | Cazã (Portuguese)*, Kazanj - Казань (Russian)*Casan (Latin)*, Kasan (German)*, Kazan - カザン (Japanese)*, Kazan (Turkish)*, Kazań (Polish)*, Kazaņa (Latvian)*, Qazan (Azeri*, Tatar*), 喀山 (Chinese)*, ٌقازان (Arabic)* |
| Kem | Kemj' - Кемь (Russian)*, Kemi* or Vienan Kemi* (Finnish) |
| Kemi | Giepma (Northern Sami)* |
| Kerch | Keriç (Crimean Tatar*), Kerç (Azeri*, Turkish*), Kerč, i.e. Kerch - Керч (Ukrainian)*, Kerč - Керчь (Russian)*, Kercz (Polish)*, Kerci (Romanian)*, Kertš (Finnish)*, Kertsch (German)*, Krč (older Croatian)*, 刻赤 (Chinese)* |
| Kętrzyn | Kętrzyn (Polish)*, Rastenburg (German)* |
| Kharkiv | Carcóvia (Portuguese)*, Charkov (Czech*, Slovak*), Charkovas (Lithuanian)*, Charkow (German), Charkov (Dutch)*, Charków (Polish)*, Hā'ěrkēfū - 哈尔科夫 (simplified) 哈爾科夫 (traditional) (Chinese), Hareukiu / Harŭk'iu - 하르키우 (Korean)*, Harkov (Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovene), Harkova (Latvian*, Finnish*), Harkov (Hungarian)*, Hárkovo - Χάρκοβο (Greek)*, Harukiu - ハルキウ (Japanese)*, Karkov (Turkish)*, Kharkiv - Харків (Ukrainian)*, Kharkov or Khar'kov or Kharjkov - Харьков (Russian)*, خاركوف (Arabic) |
| Kičevo | Kërçovë (Albanian), Kičevo (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Кичево (Macedonian) |
| Kiel | Kiel (Estonian*, Finnish*, German*, Hungarian*, Low Saxon*, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Kil (North Frisian)*, Ķīle (Latvian)*, Kilonia (Polish)*, Kylis (Lithuanian)*, Quília (Portuguese, rare)*,[1] Kielo - Κίελο (Greek)*, 基爾 (Chinese) |
| Kielce | Kielce (Polish)*, Kelts - קעלץ (Yiddish)*, Keljcy - Кельцы*, Keljce - Кельце (Russian)* (Russian) |
| Kikinda | Chichinda Mare (Romanian)*, Grosskikinda (German)*, Nagykikinda (Hungarian*) |
| Kırklareli | Kırkkilise (former Ottoman Turkish)*, Kırklareli (Turkish)*, Lozengrad - Лозенград (Bulgarian)*, Qırxlareli (Azeri)*, Saránda Eklisiés - Σαράντα Εκκλησιές* / Saránda Eklisíe - Σαράντα Ἐκκλησίαι* (Greek) |
| Kilkenny | Cill Chainnigh (Irish)* |
| Killarney | Cill Áirne (Irish) |
| Kirov | Iljna - Ильна (historic Mari),[KNAB] Iljna-ola - Ильна-ола (historic Mari),[KNAB] Ilna - Илна (historic Meadow Mari), Ilna-ola - Илна-Ола (historic Meadow Mari),[2] Jīluòfū - 基洛夫 (Mandarin Chinese*), Kiraŭ - Кіраў (Belarussian*), Kirov - Киров (Russian*),[KNAB] Kirov - Кіров (Ukrainian*), Kirow (Polish*), Kīrofu - キーロフ (Japanese*), Kolın - Колын (historic Tatar), Kylno - Кылно (historic Udmurt),[KNAB] Vatka - Ватка (historic Udmurt),[KNAB] Vätka - Вятка (historic Tatar), Vjatka - Вятка (historic Russian [1780–1934]),[KNAB] Vyatoka - ヴャトカ (historic Japanese*), Xlynov - Хлынов (historic Russian [ca. 1457–1780])[KNAB] |
| Kiruna | Giron (Sami)*, Kiiruna (Finnish)*, Kiruna (Swedish)*, Kiruna / K'iruna - 키루나 (Korean) |
| Klagenfurt | Clagenfurth (historic German), Klagenfurt (German*, Dutch*, Romanian*), Clanfurt (Friulian*), Klágenfürt (Hungarian), Celovec (Czech*, Slovene*), Kurāgenhuruto - クラーゲンフルト (Japanese)*, Želanec (alternative Czech name)* |
| Klaipėda | Klaipeda (Estonian*, Finnish*), Klaipėda (Lithuanian*, Romanian*), Klaipēda (Latvian)*, Klaipieda (Samogitian)*, Klajpeda (Belarusian)*, Kłajpeda (Polish)*, Meemel (former Estonian)*, Memel* and Memelburg* (German), Mēmele (former Latvian)* |
| Klosters | Claustra (Romansh), Klosters (German)*, 克洛斯達斯 (Chinese) |
| Kobarid | Caporetto (Italian*, Romanian*), Cjaurêt (Friulian)*, Karfreit (German)*, Kobarid (Slovene)* |
| Kolkwitz | Gołkojce (Lower Sorbian), Kolkwitz (Niederlausitz) (German)* |
| Kolomyia | Colomeea (Romanian)*, Kilemey - קילעמײ (Yiddish)*, Kolomea (German)*, Kołomyja (Polish)*, Kolomyja - Коломия (Ukrainian)*, Kolomyja - Коломыя (Russian)* |
| Komárno | Komarne (Yiddish), Komarno - Комарно (Bulgarian), Komárno (Slovak)*, Révkomárom / Öreg-komárom / Komárom (Hungarian)* |
| Komárom | Komárom (Hungarian)*, Komárno (Slovak)* |
| Komotini | Gümülcine (Turkish)*, Komotini - Κομοτηνή (Greek)* |
| Kondopoga | Kondopoga - Кондопога (Russian)*, Kontupohja (Finnish)* |
| Konstanz | Constance (French*, English variant*), Constança* / Constância* (Portuguese), Costanza (Italian)*, Konstanca (Serbian)*, Konstanca (Hungarian)*, Konstancja* / Konstanca* (Polish), Kostnice (Czech)*, Konstántza - Κωνστάντζα* / Konstandía - Κωνσταντία* (Greek), 康斯坦茨 (Chinese) |
| Köpenick | Köpenick (German)*, Kopanica (Polish)*, Kopník (Czech)* |
| Koper | Capodistria (Italian)*, Kopar (Croatian*, Serbian*), Koper (Slovene*, Hungarian *, Polish *), Cjaudistre (Friulian)* |
| Korçë | Corizza (Italian)*, Görice (Turkish)*, Korča - Корча (Bulgarian)*, Korçë * / Korça* (Albanian), Koritsá - Κορυτσά (Greek)* |
| Kortrijk | Cortoriacum (Latin)*, Courtrai (French*, Italian*, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*), Courtrai (English variant)*, Kortreikas*, Kortriek (Limburgish)*, Kortrijk (Afrikaans*, Dutch*) |
| Košice | Cassovia or Caschovia (Latin)*, Caşovia (old Romanian)*, Kassa (Hungarian)*, Cassovie (French)*, Kaschau (German)*, Kasha (Romani)*, Kashòy - קאַשוי (Yiddish), Košice (Czech*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovak*), Kösice (Turkish), Košycy - Кошицы, Košicе - Кошице (Russian*), Košyсe, i.e. Koshytse - Ко́шице (Ukrainian*), Košyсi, i.e. Koshytsi - Ко́шиці (older Ukrainian variant*), Koszyce (Polish)*, קושיצה (Hebrew) |
| Kosovo Polje | Amselfeld (German)*, Câmpia Mierlei (Romanian)*, Champ des merles (French)*, Fushë Kosova (Albanian)*, Kosovo Polje (Serbian*, Slovene), Kosowe Pole (Polish)*, Kosifopédhio - Κοσσυφοπέδιο (Greek)*, Merelveld (Afrikaans*, Dutch*), Rigómező (Hungarian, only in historic context)* |
| Kotor | Cátaro (Portuguese)*, Cattaro (Italian)*, Kotor (Croatian*, Serbian*) |
| Kovel | Kovel' - Ковель (Russian*, Ukrainian*), Kovl - קאָװל (Yiddish)*, Kowel (Polish)* |
| Kozani | Kozani - Κοζάνη (Greek)*, Kožani - Кожани (Bulgarian)* |
| Kraków | Cracovia (Latin, Italian*, Romanian*, Spanish*), Cracòvia (Catalan*), Cracóvia (Portuguese)*, Cracovie (French*), Cracow (English)*, Keurakupeu / K'ŭrak'up'ŭ - 크라쿠프 (Korean), Krakaŭ - Кракаў (Belarusian)*, Kraká (Icelandic)*, Krakau (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, German*), Krakiv - Краків (Ukrainian)*, Krakkó (Hungarian)*, Krakov (Croatian*, Czech*, Slovak*, Slovene*, Turkish*), Krakov - Краков (Bulgarian*, Russian*, Serbian*), Krakova (Latvian*, Finnish*), Krakovía - Κρακοβία (Greek)*, Krakovja (Maltese), Krakovo (Esperanto)*, Krakow (English)*, Kraków (Polish*, Swedish*), Krākūf - كراكوف (Arabic*, Persian*), Kroke - קראָקע (Yiddish)*, Krokuva (Lithuanian)*, Kurakufu - クラクフ (Japanese)*, კრაკოვი (Georgian)*, 克拉科夫 (Kèlākēfu) (Chinese)* |
| Kristianstad | Christianstad (Danish)*, Christianstadt (former German)*, Kristianstad (German*, Swedish*), Kristianstadas (Lithuanian)* |
| Kristinestad | Christinae Stadh (former Swedish)*, Kristiinankaupunki (Finnish)*, Kristinestad (Swedish)*, Kristingrad - Кристинград (Serbian)*, Krinstianstad (Polish)* |
| Krnov | Carnovia (Latin)*, Jägerndorf (German)*, Karniów (former Polish)*, Krnov (Czech)*, Krnów (Polish)* |
| Kropyvnytskyi | Kropõvnõtskõi (Estonian)*, Кропивницький (Ukrainian)* |
| Kudowa-Zdrój | Bad Kudowa (German)*, Chudoba (Czech)*, Kudowa-Zdrój (Polish)* |
| Kumanovo | Kumanovo (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Kumanowo (Polish)* Куманово (Macedonian) |
| Kuressaare | Arensburg (former German*, former Swedish*), Kuressaari (Finnish)* |
| Kwidzyn | Kwidzyn (Polish)*, Marienwerder (German)* |
| Kyiv | Chiu (old Romanian), Cív (Irish), Jīfǔ - 基辅 (simplified) 基輔 (traditional) (Chinese), Kænugarður (Icelandic)*, Kíev (Catalan), Kiefu - キエフ / Kīu - キーウ (Japanese)*, Kiëv (Dutch)*, Kiev (Interlingua, Italian*, Maltese, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Kiev - קיִעװ (Yiddish)*, Kijeŭ - Кіеў (Belarusian)*, Kíevo - Κίεβο (Greek)*, Kiew (German)*, Kiiev (Estonian)*, Kijev (Croatian*, Hungarian*, Serbian*, Slovene*), Kijeva (Latvian)*, Kijevas (Lithuanian)*, Kiyev (Azeri)*, Kijów (Polish)*, Kiova (Finnish)*, Kiyepeu / K'iyep'ŭ - 키예프 (Korean), Kiyev - Киев (Russian)*, Kīyif - كييف (Arabic), Kyjev (Czech*, Slovak*), Kyyiv, Kyiv - Київ (Ukrainian*), Киев (Macedonian*), Qiyev - קייב (Hebrew)*, Quieve (Portuguese variant)* |
| Kyle of Lochalsh | Caol Loch Aillse (Scots Gaelic)*, Kayl Oyfn Loch (Yiddish) |
| Kyrenia | Cirénia / Cirênia (Portuguese)pt:Cirénia, Girne (Turkish)*, Kerínia - Κερύνεια (Greek)* |
L
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Labin | Albona (Italian), Labin - Лабин (Croatian, Serbian, Russian) |
| Lahti | Lahti (Estonian, Finnish, Romanian, Slovene, Polish), Lahtis (Swedish) |
| Lakhva | Łachwa (Polish), Lahva – Лахва (Belarusian, Russian), לחווא (Hebrew), לאַכװע (Yiddish) |
| Lappeenranta | Lappeenranta (Estonian, Finnish), Villmanstrand (Swedish) |
| Lausanne | Lausana (Catalan, Portuguese*, Spanish*), Lausanne (Dutch*, French*, Finnish*, German*, Romanian*, Swedish*), Laŭzano (Esperanto)*, Losanen (former German)*, Losanna (Italian*, Romansh*), Lozan (Armenian, Turkish*), Lozana (Serbian), Lozáni – Λωζάνη (Greek)*, Lozanna (Latvian*, Polish*), Luzana (Slovene)*, Rojan - 로잔 (Korean)*, Rōzannu – ローザンヌ (Japanese)*, 洛桑 (Chinese)* |
| Leeuwarden | Leeuwarden (Dutch, Finnish, French, German), Liwwadden (Town Frisian), Ljouwert (West Frisian), Laiwert (Gronings) |
| Leghorn | Liorna (Spanish), Livorno (Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian), Livórno – Λιβόρνο (Greek), Livorno - ליוורנו or ליבורנו (Hebrew), Livourne (French) |
| Legnica | Legnica (Polish), Lehnice (Czech), Liegnitz (Dutch, German) |
| Leicester | Caerlŷr (Welsh), Leicestria (Church Latin), L'sesteh (Yiddish), Ratae (Latin), لستر (Persian), Lestera (Latvian), 萊斯特 (Mandarin Chinese), 李斯特 (Cantonese), レスター (Japanese) |
| Leiden | Leida (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Leiden (Dutch, German, Slovene), Lejda (Polish), Leyde (French), Leyden (variant in English), Reiden – 레이덴 (Korean), 莱頓 (Chinese) |
| Leipzig | Lajpcig (Serbian), Lajpcyg – Ляйбцыґ (Belarusian), Leipciga (Latvian), Leipcigas (Lithuanian), Leipsic (older English), Leipsick (former French), Leipzig (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Lejpcigo (Esperanto), Lepsiko (Esperanto) Lipcse (Hungarian), Lipsca (old Romanian), Lipsía – Λειψία (Greek), Lipsia (Italian), Lípsia (Portuguese), Lipsk (Lower Sorbian, Polish), Lipsko (Czech, Slovak), Raipeuchihi / Raip'ŭch'ihi – 라이프치히 (Korean), 萊比錫 (Chinese), Raiputsihi – ライプツィヒ (Japanese)* |
| Lębork | Lauenburg (German), Lębork (Polish), Lãbòrg (Kashubian) |
| Leuven | Leuven (Afrikaans, Dutch, Finnish), Louvain (French, Romanian), Lováin (Irish), Lovaina (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Lovaň (Czech), Lovanio (Italian), Löwen (German), Lovin (Walloon), Léiwen (Luxembourgish), Lovanium (Latin), Lowanium (Polish), 魯汶 (Chinese) |
| Lezhë | Lezhë / Lezha (Albanian), Alessio (Italian), Lješ Љеш (Serbian, Montenegrin) |
| Liberec | Reichenberg (German) |
| Liège | Liège (French, Hungarian, Swedish), Lîdje / Lîdge (Walloon), Léck (Luxembourgish), Leodium (Latin), L'ež – Льеж (Russian), Liege (Finnish, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Liége (former French, Portuguese), Liegi (Italian), Lieĝo (Esperanto), Lieja (Catalan, archaic Portuguese, Spanish), Λιέγη (Greek), Liež – Лиеж (Bulgarian), Liež - Лиеж (Serbian), Lježa (Latvian), Liežas (Lithuanian), Lieži – ლიეჟი (Georgian*), Luik (Afrikaans, Dutch), Lutych (Czech), Lüttich (German), Luuk (Luik) (Limburgish), Rieju – 리에주 (Korean), ولييج (Arabic), ליאז (Hebrew), Riēju – リエージュ (Japanese)*, 列日 (Chinese)* |
| Liepāja | Lėipuojė (Samogitian)*, Lepai (Veps)*, Libau (German),[KNAB] Libav (historic Veps), Libava – Либава (historic Russian),[KNAB] Libava – Лібава (historic Belaussian, historic Ukrainian), Libave – ליבאַװע (Yiddish), Liepai (alternative Veps), Liepāja (Estonian*, Finnish*, Latvian*,[KNAB] Romanian*), Liepaja - Лиепая (Russian)*,[KNAB] Liepaja - Ліепая (Belarussian)*, Lijepaja - Лієпая (Ukrainian)*, Līepõ (Livonian),[KNAB] Liepoja (Lithuanian)*,[KNAB] Liibavi (historic Estonian),[KNAB] Liibo (Estonian variant),[KNAB] Liibu (Estonian variant),[KNAB] Liibuse (Estonian variant),[KNAB] Liipavi (Estonian variant),[KNAB] Lipawa (Polish)*,[KNAB] Līpuoja (Latgalian), Lìyēpàyà - 利耶帕亞 (Mandarin Chinese)*, Riepāya - リエパーヤ (Japanese)*
|
| Lier | Lier (Dutch), Lierre (French) |
| Lille | Lila (Portuguese, rare)*, Lille (French, Finnish, German, Latvian, Portuguese, Romanian), Rijsel (Dutch), Lil (Serbian), Lilla (Catalan, Italian), Lillo (Esperanto), Ryssel (former German), Λίλλη (Greek), 里爾 (Chinese), Lili – ლილი (Georgian*), Ril - 릴 (Korean)* |
| Limoges | Lemòtges / Limòtges (Occitan), Llemotges (Catalan)*Limož (Serbian), 列摩日 (Chinese) |
| Limassol | Lemesos – Λεμεσός (Greek), Leymosun (obsolete Turkish), Limasol (Turkish), Limisso (Venetian/Italian) |
| Limerick | Limeriko (Esperanto), Luimneach (Irish), Luimneach (Scottish Gaelic)*, 利默里克 (Chinese), |
| Linköping | Lincopia (Latin), Lincopinga (Portuguese, rare)*, Linköping (Danish, Finnish, Swedish), 林雪平 (Chinese) |
| Linz | Lentia (Latin), Linca (Latvian), Líncia (Portuguese)*, Linec (Czech), Linz (Catalan, German, Finnish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Rincheu / Rinch'ŭ – 린츠 (Korean), 林茨 (Chinese) |
| Lipany | Lipany (Slovak, Czech), Siebenlinden (German), Septemtiliae (Latin), Héthárs (Hungarian) |
| Lisbon | Liospóin (Irish), Lisabon (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak), Lisabona (Latvian, Lithuanian, Romanian), Lisboa (Catalan*, Ladino, Portuguese, Spanish, Tagalog*, Norwegian), Lisbona (Italian, Maltese), Lisbonne (French), Lisbono (Esperanto), Lišbūna, Lashbuna, Lishbuna, Ushbuna, al-Ushbuni (Arabic),[3] Lissabon (Azeri, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Russian, Swedish), Lissavóna – Λισσαβώνα (Greek), Lisszabon (Hungarian), Lizbon (Armenian, Turkish), Lizbona (Polish, Slovene), Riseubon / Risŭbon – 리스본 (Korean), Risubon – リスボン (Japanese)*, Ushbune (old Arabic), Lǐsīběn – 里斯本 (Chinese), ليسبون (Persian), Lisaboni – ლისაბონი (Georgian*) |
| Liverpool | Learpholl (Irish), Lerphoyll (Manx), Lerpwl (Welsh), Liverpul (Portuguese, rare)*, Liverpūle (Latvian), Liverpulis (Lithuanian), Liverpulo (Esperanto), Llynlleifiad (former Welsh), Poll a' Ghrùthain (Scottish Gaelic)*, Ribapūru – リバプール (Japanese)*, Ribeopul / Ribŏp'ul – 리버풀 (Korean), 利物浦 (Chinese), ليورپول (Persian), Liverpuli – ლივერპული (Georgian*), লিভারপুল - Libharpul (Bengali), |
| Livorno | Liorna (Catalan), Livorno or Leghorn (English), Livourne (French), 利禾奴 / 利沃諾 (Chinese) |
| Ljubljana | Laibach (German), Liubliana (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Lublanë (Albanian), Liublijana (Lithuanian), Liúibleána (Irish), Liyūbliyānā (Arabic), Ljubljana (Catalan, Croatian, Dutch, Finnish, French, Hungarian, Maltese, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish), Ljubljana – Љубљана (Macedonian, Serbian), Lubiana (Italian), Lubjanë (Albanian), Lyublyana (Azeri), Lublaň (Czech), Ļubļana (Latvian), Lublana (Polish), Ľubľana (Slovak), Lubliyana (Turkish), Lioubliána – Λιουμπλιάνα (Greek), Liubliana – Люблянa (Russian), Ryubeullyana / Ryubŭllyana - 류블랴나 (Korean)*, Ryuburyana – リュブリャナ (Japanese)*, 盧布爾雅那 (Chinese)*, Liubliana – ლიუბლიანა (Georgian*), লিউব্লিয়ানা - Liubliyana (Bengali), |
| Lleida | Ilerda (Latin), Iltirda / Ildirda (Iberian), Lerida (Italian, Romanian), Lérida (French, Portuguese, Spanish), Lleida (Catalan, Finnish) |
| Löbau | Löbau (German), Lubij (Upper Sorbian), Lubiniec (Polish) |
| Łódź | Lodsch (German variant), Łódź (Polish), Lodz (German variant), former name:Litzmannstadt (German, 1940–1945), Lodzh - לאדזש (Yiddish), Lodž, (Slovene), 罗兹 (Chinese) |
| London | Llundain (Welsh), Londër (Albanian), Londain (Irish), London (Azeri, Hungarian), Londan – Лёндан (Belarusian), Londe (Limburgish), Londen (Afrikaans, Dutch), Londhíno – Λονδίνο (Greek), Londinium (Latin), Londona (Latvian), Londonas (Lithuanian), Londono (Esperanto), London (German), Londra (Albanian, Italian, Maltese, Romanian, Romansh, Turkish), Londres (Catalan, French, Ladino, Portuguese, Spanish, Tagalog*), Londrez (Breton), Londyn (Polish), Londýn (Czech, Slovak), Lontoo (Finnish), Loundres (Cornish), Luân Đôn (Vietnamese), Lundenwic (Anglo-Saxon), Lúndūn – 伦敦 (simplified) 倫敦 (traditional) (Chinese), Lundúnir (Icelandic), Lunnainn (Scottish Gaelic), Lunnin (Manx), Reondeon / Rŏndŏn – 런던 (Korean), Rondon – ロンドン (Japanese)*, لندن (Arabic, Persian, Urdu), Londoni – ლონდონი (Georgian*),Lontuni (tswana, sotho, zulu) Лондон (Bulgaria) |
| Derry | Lunnonderrie (Ulster Scots), Doire or Doire Cholm Cille (Irish), Doire or Doire Chaluim Chille (Scottish Gaelic)*, Deri - Дери (Serbian), Derio (Esperanto) |
| Longwy | Longwy (French), Langich (German), Lonkech or Lonkesch (Luxembourgish) |
| Lourdes | Lorda (Catalan, Occitan), Lourde (Provençal), Lourdes (French, Finnish, Irish, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian), Lurda (Basque), Lurdes (Portuguese variant)*, Lurdy (Czech), Λούρδη (Greek – καθαρεύουσα) |
| Lübben | Lübben (German), Lubin (Lower Sorbian, Polish) |
| Lübbenau | Lübbenau (German), Lubnjow (Lower Sorbian) |
| Lübeck | Libek (Serbian), Lībeka (Latvian), Liubekas (Lithuanian), Lubecca (Italian), Lübeck (French, German, Low Saxon, Romanian, Swedish), Lubek (Czech), Lubeka (Polish), Lubeque (Portuguese), Lüübek (Estonian), Lyypekki (Finnish), Λυβέκη (Greek – καθαρεύουσα), Liubice (old Slavic name)*, Lybæk (former Danish), Rwibekeu / Rwibek'ŭ – 뤼베크 (Korean), 呂貝克 (Chinese) |
| Lublin | Civitas Lublinensis (Latin), Liublinas (Lithuanian), Ljublin – Люблин (Bulgarian, Russian), Lublin – Лублин (Macedonian), Lublino (Italian), Ļubļina (Latvian), Люблін (Belarusian, Ukrainian), לובלין (Hebrew), Ruburin – ルブリン (Japanese)*, 盧布林 (Chinese) |
| Lucca | Luca (Portuguese), Lucca (Catalan, Dutch, German, Italian, Romanian), Lucques (French), Luka – Лука (Bulgarian), Lukka (Polish) |
| Lucerne | Liucerna (Lithuanian), Lucern (Czech, Serbian, Slovene), Lucerna (Italian, Latvian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Lucerne (French), Lukérni – Λουκέρνη (Greek), Luzern (Afrikaans, Dutch, Finnish, German, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Luzerna (Basque, Catalan), Ruchereun / Ruch'erŭn – 루체른 (Korean) |
| Lugano | Lügan (Lombard), Lauis (old German), Ligiaun (Romansh), Lugano (Catalan, French, German, Italian, Maltese, Spanish, Portuguese*), Rugano – 루가노 (Korean) |
| Luhansk | Lugansk – Луганск (Russian)*, Voroshilovgrad (1935–1958, 1970–1990) |
| Lugoj | Logoş (Turkish), Lugoj (French*, Italian*, Romanian*), Lugos (Hungarian)*, Lugoš – Лугош or Lugož – Лугож (Serbian)*, Lugosch (German)*, Lugozh – Лугож (Russian)* |
| Luleå | Luleå (Swedish), Lulėja (Lithuanian), Luleo (Latvian, Serbian), Luulaja (Finnish), Julivu/Luleju (Sami) |
| Lund | Lund (Danish, French, German, Swedish), Lunda (Latin, Latvian), 隆德 (Chinese) |
| Lüneburg | Lüneburch (Low Saxon), Lunebourg (French), Lüneburg (German, Romanian), Luneburgo (Italian, Portuguese), Lunenburg (Dutch, variant in English), 呂內堡 (Chinese) |
| Lutsk | Luckas (Lithuanian), Lucjk – Луцьк (Ukrainian), Luţk (Romanian), Łuck (Polish) Luzk (German) |
| Luxembourg | Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish), Liuksemburgas (Lithuanian), Ljuksemburg – Люксембург (Bulgarian, Russian), Ljuksemburh (Ukrainian), Lucemburk (Czech), Lucsamburg (Irish, Scottish Gaelic), Lục Xâm Bảo (Vietnamese), Luksemboarch (Frisian), Luksemburg – Люксэмбурґ(Belarusian), Luksemburg (Croatian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene), Luksemburg - Луксембург (Macedonian), Lüksemburg (Turkish), Luksemburga (Latvian), Luksemburgi – ლუქსემბურგი (Georgian*), Luksemburgo (Esperanto, Ladino), Lussemburgo (Italian), Lussemburgu (Maltese), Lussimbork (Walloon), Lützelburg (former German), Luxemborg / Luxembourg / Luxemburg (Danish), Luxembourg (Estonian, French, Hungarian), Lúxemborg (Icelandic), Luxemburg (Afrikaans, Basque variant, Catalan, Dutch, English variant, Finnish, German, Romanian, Slovak, Swedish), Luxemburgia (Latin variant), Luxemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Luxemburgum (Latin), Luxemvúrgho – Λουξεμβούργο (Greek), Luxenburgo (Basque), Lwcsembwrg (Welsh), Ruksembureukeu / Ruksemburŭk'ŭ – 룩셈부르크 (Korean), Rukusemburuku – ルクセンブルク (Japanese)*, 盧森堡 (Chinese), লাক্সেমবার্গ - Lakshembarg' (Bengali) |
| Lviv | Lwów (Polish), İlbav (Crimean Tatar), Ilov (Armenian), Ilyvó (old Hungarian), Lavov (Croatian, Serbian), Lemberg or Leopoldstadt (archaic) (German, former Hungarian), Lemberg – לעמבערג or Lemberik – לעמבעריק (Yiddish), Leópolis – Λεόπολις (Greek – καθαρεύουσα), Léopol (French), Leopoli (Italian), Leopolis (Latin), Leópolis (Spanish, Portuguese*), Levov – לבוב (Hebrew), Liov (Romanian), Lìwòfū – 利沃夫 (Chinese), Lvoŭ – Львоў (Belarusian), Lvov (Czech, Slovene), Lvovas (Lithuanian), Lvovi – ლვოვი (Georgian*), L'viv – Львів (Ukrainian), L'vov – Львов (Russian), Ľvov (Slovak), Ļvova, Ļviva (Latvian), Ribiu - 리비우(Korean)*, Riviu - リヴィウ(Japanese) |
| Lyon | León de Francia (former Spanish), Lião (Portuguese, rare)*, 里昂 (Chinese), Lionas (Lithuanian), Lió (Catalan), Lión – Λυών (Greek), Λούγδουνον (Greek – καθαρεύουσα), Liona (Latvian), Lione (Italian), Liono (Esperanto), Lion (Azeri, Serbian), Liyon (Arpitan, Turkish), Ludgun or Lwów francuski (former Polish), Lugdunum or Lugudunum (Latin), Lyon (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Slovene), Lyón (Spanish), Lyons (former English), Riong – 리옹 (Korean), Riyon – リヨン (Japanese)*, Lioni – ლიონი (Georgian*) |
References
- [KNAB] "KNAB, the Place Names Database of EKI". Eki.ee. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
- http://www.info.pro.br/instituto_steiger/8/88s/id_00919.pdf
- Ӱпы̆марий (В. М. Васильев). Марий мутэр. Турлӧ вэрэ илы̆ше марийы̆н мутшы̆м таҥастарэн нэргэлы̆мэ кнага. СССР Калы̆к-влак Рӱдӧ Савы̆кты̆ш. Моско — 1926 (in Meadow Mari)
- Évariste Lévi-Provençal (1993) [1927]. "Lisbon". Encyclopedia of Islam. Leiden: Brill.
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