North Carolina's 2nd congressional district

North Carolina's 2nd congressional district is located in the central part of the state. The district contains most of Wake County. Prior to court-mandated redistricting in 2019, it also included northern Johnston County, southern Nash County, far western Wilson County, and all of Franklin and Harnett counties. The 2nd district has been represented by Democratic Rep. Deborah Ross since 2021.

North Carolina's 2nd congressional district
North Carolina's 2nd congressional district since January 3, 2021
Representative
  Deborah Ross
DRaleigh
Distribution
  • 62.82% urban[1]
  • 37.18% rural
Population (2019)888,547[2]
Median household
income
$75,366[3]
Ethnicity
Cook PVID+9[4]

Established by the state legislature after the American Civil War, the district was known as "The Black Second;" counties included in the district were mostly majority-black in population. All four of North Carolina's Republican African-American congressmen elected in the post-Civil War era (ending with George Henry White) represented this district,[5][6] as did white yeoman farmer Curtis Hooks Brogden of Wayne County, a Republican ally of former Governor William Woods Holden.

After North Carolina Democrats regained control of the state legislature in the 1870s (using intimidation by the Red Shirts and other paramilitary groups to reduce the number of blacks voting), they passed voter registration and electoral laws that restricted voter rolls. Blacks continued to get elected to local and state offices. The state legislature passed a new constitutional amendment in 1900, which effectively disfranchised blacks altogether.[7] This ended the election of blacks to local, state or Congressional offices until after passage of federal civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s, which enforced constitutional voting rights.

Thousands of blacks migrated north from the state in the Great Migration during the first half of the twentieth century, seeking job opportunities and education. By the later twentieth century, before the 1990s, the 2nd district was roughly 40% black. While it had the highest percentage of black residents of any congressional district in North Carolina, African-American candidates were unable to get elected to Congress from the majority-white district.

State redistricting following census changes led to the creation of the black-majority 1st and 12th districts and drew off some black population from the 2nd. Today the proportion of African-American residents is about 20.11% in the 2nd district.

In 2019, court-mandated redistricting shifted the district entirely into urban Wake County. Incumbent Republican representative George Holding declined to run for re-election in 2020, and Democratic Rep. Deborah Ross won election to the seat.[8]

List of members representing the district

Member Party Years Cong
ress
Electoral history District location

Hugh Williamson
Anti-Administration March 19, 1790 –
March 3, 1791
1st Elected in 1790.
Redistricted to the 4th district.
1790–1791
"Edenton and New Bern division"

Nathaniel Macon
Anti-Administration March 4, 1791 –
March 3, 1793
2nd Elected in 1791.
Redistricted to the 5th district.
1791–1793
"Centre division"
Matthew Locke Anti-Administration March 4, 1793 –
March 3, 1795
3rd
4th
5th
Elected in 1793.
Re-elected in 1795.
Re-elected in 1796.
Lost re-election.
1793–1803
[data unknown/missing]
Democratic-Republican March 4, 1795 –
March 3, 1799
Archibald Henderson Federalist March 4, 1799 –
March 3, 1803
6th
7th
Elected in 1798.
Re-elected in 1800.
Redistricted to the 12th district.
Willis Alston Democratic-Republican March 4, 1803 –
March 3, 1815
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
Redistricted from the 9th district and re-elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1813.
Retired.
1803–1813
"North Carolina Congressional District Map (1803-13)".[9]
1813–1823
"North Carolina Congressional District Map (1813-43)".[10]
Joseph H. Bryan Democratic-Republican March 4, 1815 –
March 3, 1819
14th
15th
Elected in 1815.
Re-elected in 1817.
[data unknown/missing]

Hutchins G. Burton
Democratic-Republican March 4, 1819 –
March 3, 1823
16th
17th
18th
Elected in 1819.
Re-elected in 1821.
Resigned when elected Governor of North Carolina.
Democratic-Republican March 4, 1823 –
March 23, 1824
1823–1833
"North Carolina Congressional District Map (1813-43)".[11]
Vacant March 24, 1824 –
January 18, 1825
18th
George Outlaw Democratic-Republican January 19, 1825 –
March 3, 1825
Elected January 6, 1825 to finish Burton's term and seated January 19, 1825.
Lost re-election.
Willis Alston Jacksonian March 4, 1825 –
March 3, 1831
19th
20th
21st
Elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Re-elected in 1829.
Retired.
Vacant March 4, 1831 –
May 12, 1831
22nd

John Branch
Jacksonian May 12, 1831 –
March 3, 1833
Elected to finish the vacant term.
Retired.
Jesse A. Bynum Jacksonian March 4, 1833 –
March 3, 1837
23rd
24th
25th
26th
[data unknown/missing] 1833–1843
"North Carolina Congressional District Map (1813-43)".[12]
Democratic March 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1841
John Daniel Democratic March 4, 1841 –
March 3, 1843
27th [data unknown/missing]
Redistricted to the 7th district.
Daniel M. Barringer Whig March 4, 1843 –
March 3, 1847
28th
29th
[data unknown/missing]
Redistricted to the 3rd district.
1843–1853
[data unknown/missing]

Nathaniel Boyden
Whig March 4, 1847 –
March 3, 1849
30th [data unknown/missing]
Retired.
Joseph P. Caldwell Whig March 4, 1849 –
March 3, 1853
31st
32nd
[data unknown/missing]
Retired.

Thomas H. Ruffin
Democratic March 4, 1853 –
March 3, 1861
33rd
34th
35th
36th
[data unknown/missing] 1853–1863
[data unknown/missing]
Vacant March 3, 1861 –
July 25, 1868
37th
38th
39th
40th
Civil War and Reconstruction

David Heaton
Republican July 25, 1868 –
June 25, 1870
40th
41st
[data unknown/missing]
Died.
1863–1873
[data unknown/missing]
Vacant June 26, 1870 –
December 4, 1870
41st
Joseph Dixon Republican December 5, 1870 –
March 3, 1871
[data unknown/missing]
Retired.
Charles Thomas Republican March 4, 1871 –
March 3, 1875
42nd
43rd
[data unknown/missing]
Lost renomination.
1873–1883
[data unknown/missing]

John A. Hyman
Republican March 4, 1875 –
March 3, 1877
44th [data unknown/missing]
Lost renomination to immediate past governor

Curtis H. Brogden
Republican March 4, 1877 –
March 3, 1879
45th [data unknown/missing]
Retired.
William H. Kitchin Democratic March 4, 1879 –
March 3, 1881
46th [data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.

Orlando Hubbs
Republican March 4, 1881 –
March 3, 1883
47th [data unknown/missing]
Retired.

James E. O'Hara
Republican March 4, 1883 –
March 3, 1887
48th
49th
[data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.
1883–1893
[data unknown/missing]

Furnifold M. Simmons
Democratic March 4, 1887 –
March 3, 1889
50th [data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.

Henry P. Cheatham
Republican March 4, 1889 –
March 3, 1893
51st
52nd
[data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.

Frederick A. Woodard
Democratic March 4, 1893 –
March 3, 1897
53rd
54th
[data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.
1893–1903
[data unknown/missing]

George H. White
Republican March 4, 1897 –
March 3, 1901
55th
56th
[data unknown/missing]
Retired after state passage of 1900 disfranchisement constitution, which suppressed black voters for more than 60 years

Claude Kitchin
Democratic March 4, 1901 –
May 31, 1923
57th
58th
59th
60th
61st
62nd
63rd
64th
65th
66th
67th
68th
[data unknown/missing]
Died.
1903–1913
[data unknown/missing]
1913–1933
[data unknown/missing]
Vacant May 31, 1923 –
November 5, 1923
68th

John H. Kerr
Democratic November 6, 1923 –
January 3, 1953
68th
69th
70th
71st
72nd
73rd
74th
75th
76th
77th
78th
79th
80th
81st
82nd
Elected to finish Kitchens's term.
Lost renomination.
1933–1943
[data unknown/missing]
1943–1953
[data unknown/missing]

L. H. Fountain
Democratic January 3, 1953 –
January 3, 1983
83rd
84th
85th
86th
87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
94th
95th
96th
97th
[data unknown/missing]
Retired.
1953–1963
[data unknown/missing]
1963–1973
[data unknown/missing]
1973–1983
[data unknown/missing]

Tim Valentine
Democratic January 3, 1983 –
January 3, 1995
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd
103rd
[data unknown/missing]
Retired.
1983–1993
[data unknown/missing]
1993–2003
[data unknown/missing]

David Funderburk
Republican January 3, 1995 –
January 3, 1997
104th [data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.

Bob Etheridge
Democratic January 3, 1997 –
January 3, 2011
105th
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th
[data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.
2003–2013

Renee Ellmers
Republican January 3, 2011 –
January 3, 2017
112th
113th
114th
[data unknown/missing]
Lost renomination.
2013–2017

George Holding
Republican January 3, 2017 –
January 3, 2021
115th
116th
Redistricted from the 13th district
Retired after Redistricting.
2017–2021

Deborah Ross
Democratic January 3, 2021 –
Present
117th Elected in 2020.
2021-Present

Election results

2002

US House election, 2002: North Carolina District 2[13]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Bob Etheridge 100,121 65.36
Republican Joseph L. Ellen 50,965 33.27
Libertarian Gary Minter 2,098 1.37
Total votes 153,184 100

2004

US House election, 2004: North Carolina District 2[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Bob Etheridge 145,079 62.3
Republican Billy J. Creech 87,811 37.7
Total votes 232,890 100

2006

US House election, 2006: North Carolina District 2[15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Bob Etheridge 85,993 66.53
Republican Dan Mansell 43,271 33.47
Total votes 129,264 100

2008

US House election, 2008: North Carolina District 2[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Bob Etheridge 199,730 66.93
Republican Dan Mansell 93,323 31.27
Libertarian Will Adkins 5,377 1.8
Total votes 298,430 100

2010

US House election, 2010: North Carolina District 2[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Renee Ellmers 93,876 49.47
Democratic Bob Etheridge 92,393 48.69
Libertarian Tom Rose 3,505 1.85
Total votes 189,774 100

2012

US House election, 2012: North Carolina District 2[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Renee Ellmers 174,066 55.9
Democratic Steve Wilkins 128,973 41.42
Libertarian Brian Irving 8,358 2.68
Total votes 311,397 100

2014

US House election, 2014: North Carolina District 2[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Renee Ellmers 122,128 58.83
Democratic Clay Aiken 85,479 41.17
Total votes 207,607 100

2016

US House election, 2016: North Carolina District 2[20]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Holding 221,485 56.71
Democratic John P. McNeil 169,082 43.29
Total votes 390,567 100

2018

US House election, 2018: North Carolina District 2[21]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Holding 170,072 51.3
Democratic Linda Coleman 151,977 45.8
Libertarian Jeff Matemu 9,655 2.9
Total votes 331,704 100.0

2020

US House election, 2020: North Carolina District 2
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Deborah K. Ross 310,979 63.0
Republican Alan Swain 172,019 34.8
Libertarian Jeff Matemu 10,827 2.2
Total votes 493,870 100.0

See also

References

  1. https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/cd_state.html
  2. Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
  3. Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
  4. "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
  5. "Black Americans in Congress".
  6. Anderson, Eric (December 1, 1980). Race and Politics in North Carolina, 1872--1901: The Black Second. LSU Press. ISBN 9780807107843 via Google Books.
  7. "Disfranchisement | NCpedia". ncpedia.org.
  8. Murphy, Brian (December 4, 2019). "George Holding, whose district now leans Democratic, won't run vs. GOP incumbent". The News and Observer. Retrieved January 5, 2021.
  9. "Data Courtesy of Jeffrey B. Lewis, Brandon DeVine, and Lincoln Pritcher with Kenneth C. Martis". United States Congressional District Shapefiles.
  10. "Data Courtesy of Jeffrey B. Lewis, Brandon DeVine, and Lincoln Pritcher with Kenneth C. Martis". United States Congressional District Shapefiles.
  11. "Data Courtesy of Jeffrey B. Lewis, Brandon DeVine, and Lincoln Pritcher with Kenneth C. Martis". United States Congressional District Shapefiles.
  12. "Data Courtesy of Jeffrey B. Lewis, Brandon DeVine, and Lincoln Pritcher with Kenneth C. Martis". United States Congressional District Shapefiles.
  13. "11/05/2002 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 15, 2002. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  14. "11/02/2004 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 12, 2004. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  15. "11/07/2006 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 17, 2006. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  16. "11/04/2008 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 14, 2008. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  17. "11/02/2010 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 12, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  18. "11/06/2012 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 16, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  19. "11/04/2014 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 25, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  20. "11/06/2016 Official General Election Results - Statewide". North Carolina State Board of Elections. December 13, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  21. "District 2, North Carolina State Board of Elections & Ethics Enforcement". North Carolina State Board of Elections & Ethics Enforcement. Retrieved November 10, 2018.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.