Oakville, Ontario

Oakville is a town in southern Ontario, located in Halton Region on Lake Ontario halfway between Toronto and Hamilton. At its 2016 census population of 193,832, it is Ontario's largest town. Oakville is part of the Greater Toronto Area, one of the most densely populated areas of Canada.

Oakville
Town (lower-tier)
Town of Oakville
Downtown Oakville
Coat of arms
Motto(s): 
Avancez ("Go forward")[1]
Oakville
Coordinates: 43°27′N 79°41′W
CountryCanada
ProvinceOntario
RegionHalton
Wards7
Neighbourhoods12
Established1827
Government
 • Town MayorRob Burton
 • Governing BodyOakville Town Council
 • MPsAnita Anand
Pam Damoff
 • MPPsStephen Crawford
Effie Triantafilopoulos
Area
 • Land138.89 km2 (53.63 sq mi)
Elevation
173 m (568 ft)
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total193,832
 • Density1,314.2/km2 (3,404/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Oakvillian
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Forward sortation area
L6H to L6M
Area code(s)Area codes 905, 289, and 365
Websitewww.oakville.ca

History

In 1793, Dundas Street was surveyed for a military road. In 1805, the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada bought the lands between Etobicoke and Hamilton from the indigenous Mississaugas people, except for the land at the mouths of Twelve Mile Creek (Bronte Creek), Sixteen Mile Creek, and along the Credit River. In 1807, British immigrants settled the area surrounding Dundas Street as well as on the shore of Lake Ontario.[3]

In 1820, the Crown bought the area surrounding the waterways. The area around the creeks, 960 acres (3.9 km2), ceded to the Crown by the Mississaugas,[4] was auctioned off to William Chisholm in 1827. He left the development of the area to his son, Robert Kerr Chisholm, and his brother-in-law, Merrick Thomas. Chisholm also formed shipbuilding business in Oakville Navy Street and Sixteen Mile Creek (Halton Region) and lasted until 1842, but shipbuilding in Oakville lasted into the late 20th century.[5][6]

The population in 1846 was 1,500. The community shipped large quantities of wheat and lumber via schooners and the railway. There were three churches, a grist mill and saw mill, and various small companies making threshing machines, wagons, watches, saddles, and metal goods. There were also tradesmen of various types.[7]

Oakville's industries also included shipbuilding. In the 1850s, there was an economic recession and the foundry, the most important industry in town, was closed. Basket-making became a major industry in the town, and the Grand Trunk Railway was built through it.[8] In 1869, the population was 2,000.[9] The community was served by the Great Western Railway and it was a port on Lake Ontario.

The town eventually became industrialized with the opening of Cities Service Canada (later BP Canada, and now Petro Canada) and Shell Canada oil refineries (both now closed), the Procor factory (no longer manufacturing), and, most importantly, the Ford Motor Company's Canadian headquarters and plant, all close to the Canadian National Railway and the Queen Elizabeth Way highway between Toronto and Fort Erie (Buffalo).[10]

In 1962, the town of Oakville merged with its neighbouring villages (Bronte, Palermo, Sheridan, and the remainder of Trafalgar Township) to become the new Town of Oakville, reaching northwards to Steeles Avenue in Milton. In 1973, the restructuring of Halton County into Halton Region brought the northern border southwards to just north of the future Highway 407.[11]

Neighbourhoods

Oakville's Planning Department divides the town into communities. These are based on traditional neighbourhoods.[12]

Oakville Inn Hotel sign
Oakville Harbour
NeighbourhoodDescription
Old OakvilleOld Oakville (downtown) is located in South-Central Oakville along the shore of Lake Ontario, and is centred on Oakville Harbour.[13]
Kerr VillageKerr Village is a section of downtown located just west of the Old Village around Kerr Street between Speers Rd and Lakeshore Road.
BronteBronte is located in Southwest Oakville along the shore of Lake Ontario. It is a community centred on Bronte Harbour and includes the Coronation Park district to its east.[14]
EastlakeEastlake is located in Southeast Oakville along the shore of Lake Ontario. It is bordered on the west by Morrison Creek, to the north by Cornwall Road, and to the east by Mississauga.[15]
ClearviewClearview is located in Centre East Oakville. It is located on the Oakville-Mississauga border[16]
College ParkCollege Park is located between Sixteen Mile Creek and just east of Trafalgar Road, from the Queen Elizabeth Way north to Upper Middle Road. It surrounds Sheridan College.[17]
Iroquois Ridge NorthIroquois Ridge North is located in North East Oakville between Upper Middle Road and Dundas Street.[18]
Iroquois Ridge SouthIroquois Ridge South is located in North East Oakville. The Falgarwood area is located in the southern end of the Iroquois Ridge South community.[19]
Glen AbbeyGlen Abbey is located in West Oakville, with Third Line and Dorval Drive being the major arteries of the community. It is a large area west of the Glen Abbey Golf Course, home of the Canadian Open.[20]
PalermoPalermo is located in Northwest Oakville. It is a small community centred on the intersection of Dundas Street and Bronte Road (Highway 25).[21]
River OaksRiver Oaks is located in North-Central Oakville. It includes the Oak Park development.[22]
Uptown CoreUptown Core is located in North Centre Oakville. It includes the area on either side of Trafalgar Road between Dundas Street and Glenashton Drive.[23]
West Oak TrailsWest Oak Trails is located in North Centre West Oakville on the north side of Upper Middle Road. It is a newer development than the other communities.[24]

Demographics
Oakville
YearPop.±%
1841550—    
18711,684+206.2%
19011,643−2.4%
19112,372+44.4%
19213,298+39.0%
19313,857+16.9%
19414,115+6.7%
19516,910+67.9%
196110,366+50.0%
197161,483+493.1%
198175,773+23.2%
1991114,670+51.3%
1996128,405+12.0%
2001144,738+12.7%
2006165,613+14.4%
2011182,520+10.2%
2016193,832+6.2%

According to the 2016 Canadian Census, Oakville had 193,832 residents. This represents a 6.2% increase since the 2011 Census.[2]

According to the 2006 census, Oakville had a younger population than Canada as a whole. Minors (youth under 19 years of age) totalled 28.1 percent of the population compared to pensioners who number 11.7 percent. This compares with the Canadian average of 24.4 percent (minors) and 13.7 percent (pensioners).[25]

Ethnic Origin[26] Population Percent
English 45,435 24.89%
Scottish 31,870 17.46%
Irish 30,795 18.72%
Italian 16,970 9.30%
German 15,410 8.44%
French 14,580 7.99%
Polish 10,240 5.61%
East Indian 9,605 5.26%
Chinese 7,785 4.27%
Canada 2016 CensusPopulation% of Total Population
Visible minority group
Source:[27]		 South Asian17,0958.9%
Chinese13,4357%
Arab6,0953.2%
Black5,5202.9%
Filipino3,7101.9%
Latin American3,5951.9%
Korean3,0801.6%
West Asian2,0901.1%
Southeast Asian1,0300.5%
Japanese6900.4%
Other visible minority8100.4%
Mixed visible minority1,9201%
Total visible minority population59,07530.8%
Aboriginal group
Source:[28]		First Nations8100.4%
Métis5600.3%
Inuit00%
Total Aboriginal population1,4150.7%
European Canadian131,23068.4%
Total population191,720100%

According to the 2011 Census, 69.6% of Oakville residents have English as their mother tongue (the corresponding figure for French is 1.8%). Polish is the native language for 1.5% of the population, followed by Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish (at 1.4% each).[29]

79.4% of residents stated their religion as Christian, almost evenly split between Roman Catholics and Protestants. Non-Christian religions include Islam: 2.0%, Hinduism: 1.3%, Sikhism: 1.1%, and Judaism: 0.7%. 14% indicated no religion.

The median household income is $118, 671,[30] with an average house value of $1,118,572.[31]

Economy

The top employers in Oakville include:[32]

Company / organization Employees Sector
Halton Catholic District School Board4,592Education
Ford Motor Company of Canada4,500Head Office & Automobile Manufacturing Plant
Halton District School Board2,393Education
Halton Healthcare2,290Healthcare Services
Regional Municipality of Halton2,054Regional Government
Sheridan College1,856Post-Secondary Institution
The Corporation of the Town of Oakville1,144Municipal Government

Climate

Like much of Southern Ontario, Oakville has a Humid continental climate straddling Dfa/Dfb classifications, with cold, but not extreme, winters and warm, to very warm summers. Like most lakeside municipalities on the Great Lakes, there are varying temperatures within town boundaries, generally warmer days further from the lake, the exception being on the colder days in winter. [33]

Sports

Soccer

The Oakville Blue Devils of League 1 Ontario is a professional soccer team. The Blue Devils are affiliated with the Oakville Soccer Club, which is the largest soccer club in Canada.[35] Oakville boasts over 60 soccer fields and a Soccer Club Facility with a two-star, full-size, FIFA-Certified indoor soccer pitch.[36]

Lacrosse

Oakville is home to the headquarters and practice facilities of the Toronto Rock professional box lacrosse team competing in the National Lacrosse League. Oakville is also home to the 3rd largest minor lacrosse association in Ontario: The Oakville Minor Lacrosse Association has more than 1,500 players and competes in multiple classes and multiple divisions. The town also has the Oakville Buzz, a Junior "A" lacrosse team who won the Founders Cup in 2006. The current rep lacrosse team is the Oakville Hawks.[37]

Hockey
Oakville Blades home game

The Oakville Blades is a Tier II Junior "A" franchise since 1966, and a "AAA" hockey system. The current rep hockey team for boys in Oakville is Oakville Rangers, who are the 2-time defending champions for the Midget "AAA" group. For girls, there is the Oakville Hornets, who are the largest female hockey association in the world.[38]

Skating

Skate Oakville, which is headquartered at Oakville's Sixteen Mile Creek Sports Complex, is the largest skating club in Canada,[39] providing learn to skate lessons, recreational figure skating programs, competitive training, and 10 synchronized skating teams.[40]

Baseball

Baseball is represented in Oakville by two organizations: Oakville Little League and the OMBA (Oakville Minor Baseball Association).[41]

Oakville Little League is the largest Little League organization in Canada. In 2018, there were over 1,150 young people playing across eight divisions and over 90 teams, including seven All-Star teams. Oakville Little League also fields six All-Star (Rep) teams, known as the Oakville Whitecaps. The 12U and 14U Whitecaps teams compete annually to play in the Little League World Series and Junior League World Series, respectively.[42]

The OMBA (Oakville Minor Baseball Association) was established in 1963. It offers three levels of baseball to children and youth in Oakville: House League, Select and Rep. OMBA runs the Oakville A's, the official Town Rep baseball playing in the Central Ontario Baseball Association (COBA) system.

Golf

Glen Abbey Golf Course, site of several Canadian Open professional golf championships and many other amateur tournaments, is also located in Oakville.[43]

Canoeing

Another sport Oakville is well known for is its Burloak Canoe Club, where they have had Olympians come out of, such as Adam van Koeverden, Mark Oldershaw and Larry Cain.[44]

Events

Downtown Oakville Jazz Festival

The Downtown Oakville Jazz Festival is an annual summer jazz festival established in 1992. The event includes performances at a number of stages along Lakeshore Road in downtown Oakville. The event is free to the public.[45]

Waterfront Festival

Beginning in 1982, Oakville's Coronation Park played host to the annual Oakville Waterfront Festival. Among a range of events, the festival included small amusement park rides, arts and crafts, food and drinks, free concerts headlined by Canadian bands, and nightly fireworks displays. The Waterfront Festival took place in late June of each year until 2010, when it was cancelled due to financial difficulties,[46] despite having annual attendance of up to 100,000 visitors. It returned in August 2013,[47] which was the most recent festival to date.

Kerrfest

The Kerrfest is an annual outdoor music festival that takes place in early September in Oakville. Having begun in 2014, the event includes free performances and is open to the public, located at Westwood Park.[48]

For the Love of the Arts Festival

The For the Love of the Arts Festival is an annual event taking place in the late spring in Oakville. Inaugurated in 2002, the event is hosted by CommUnity Arts Space (originally known as Music and Art Shared Space who initiated the festival), a local umbrella group advocating for shared physical space for Oakville's arts and cultural groups.[49] Currently the only such multi-disciplinary community festival of its kind in Oakville, the event serves to showcase local talent, skills, crafts, literary art, dance performances, theatre groups and music performances. The event is intended as a symbolic presentation of a "shared space" and is entirely sponsored by local corporate and private donations.[50]

Canadian Open

The Glen Abbey Golf Course is the home to the Golf Canada and the Canadian Golf Hall of Fame. It has hosted 31 Canadian Open Championships since 1977, most recently in July 2018. Glen Abbey is owned by Clublink, which was planning to demolish the golf course in order to build residential and commercial units, if it is successful in overturning the city's decision to prevent the development.[51] In 2018, the company achieved some success in its efforts against the town, after a Superior Court ruled against the town's attempts to block the redevelopment. The Local Planning Appeal Tribunal (LPAT) will hold a hearing in 2021 on ClubLink’s appeal of the town's decision.[52]

The 2019 and 2023 events were scheduled to be held at the Hamilton Golf and Country Club but the Canadian Open may again be held at Glen Abbey in some future years if the redevelopment is not allowed to proceed.[53]

Education
See also: List of schools in Oakville, Ontario

Elementary schools and high schools in Oakville are a mix of private and public schools, with one of the highest ratios of private schools to student population in the country.[54] Oakville is covered by the Halton District School Board, Halton Catholic District School Board, Conseil scolaire Viamonde, and Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir. St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic Secondary School (Oakville) and White Oaks Secondary School both offer the International Baccalaureate Program.

The town is home to Appleby College, a private school for grades seven to twelve, established in 1911[55] as well as St. Mildred's-Lightbourn School, an independent all-girls school. Oakville is also home to the Trafalgar Campus of Sheridan College, primarily an arts and business studies institute, and Oakville's only higher education facility.[56]

Government

Municipal and regional

At the municipal level, the governing body is the Oakville Town Council consisting of a mayor (currently Rob Burton) and fourteen councillors.[57] The town is divided into seven wards, with two councillors elected by residents of each ward.[58]

In each ward, one councillor represents the ward solely on the Oakville Town Council, and the other is a member of the 21-member governing council of the Regional Municipality of Halton,[59] in addition to being a member of the 14-member Town Council.

Provincial

Two provincial ridings are situated in Oakville, which use the same boundaries as the federal ridings and are currently represented provincially by:

Federal

Two federal ridings are situated in Oakville, which are currently represented by:

Arts and culture

Oakville Centre for the Performing Arts
Oakville Centre for the Performing Arts

The Oakville Centre for the Performing Arts houses several performances by local and international artists. It is also the performing venue for the Oakville Symphony Orchestra, the Oakville Children's Choir and the Oakville Ballet Company. The Oakville Arts Council provides further artistic talents in the town showcasing films, literary figures and visual arts.

The Oakville Children's Choir

The Oakville Children's Choir has been in business since 1994.[63]

Oakville Galleries

Oakville Galleries is a not-for-profit art museum that exhibits contemporary art, cares for a permanent collection and delivers public programming. Its exhibition spaces are located on two sites: Gairloch Gardens and Centennial Square.[64]

Media

Oakville is primarily served by media based in Toronto with markets in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) that cover most of the news in the GTA.[65] One regional newspaper, the Oakville Beaver, is published once weekly.[66][67] The monthly magazines Neighbours of Joshua Creek, Neighbours of Glen Abbey and Neighbours of Olde Oakville serve three key neighbourhoods. The town is also served by Oakvillenews.org, a locally-owned online daily newsletter and website.[68]

The town also has two specialty radio stations: AM 1250 CJYE, a Christian music station[69] and AM 1320 CJMR, a Multicultural station.[70]

The following national cable television station also broadcast from Oakville:[71]

  • The Weather Network has broadcast nationally from Oakville since 2005
  • The Hamilton-based television station CHCH-DT serves Hamilton, Halton and Niagara, thus including Oakville. CHCH recently closed its Halton Bureau (due to budget considerations) which was located in downtown Oakville.
  • TVCogeco from the studio in the Cogeco Cable Headquarters at Harvester Road & Burloak Drive, just inside of Burlington.

Transportation

Oakville Transit provides local bus service. GO Transit commuter rail and bus service operates from Bronte and Oakville stations. Via Rail services along the line between Windsor and Quebec corridor, and operates from Oakville station.[72]

The Queen Elizabeth Way, Ontario Highway 403, and the 407 ETR highways run through Oakville.

Emergency services

Policing in Oakville is performed by the Halton Regional Police Service.[73]

Fire service is provided by the town through the Oakville Fire Department with eight fire stations.

The Town of Oakville's Waters Air Rescue Force (TOWARF) is a volunteer organization that provides marine search and rescue service in Western Lake Ontario. It was founded in 1954 and was a charter member of the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary.[74]

Commerce
Tim Hortons headquarters

Employers

Tim Hortons (moving to Toronto)[75] and Mattamy Homes are based in Oakville while Siemens, The Ford Motor Company, and MADD Canada have their head Canadian offices in the town. Many Oakville residents work in advanced manufacturing at large facilities operated by UTC Aerospace Systems and General Electric.[76]

Many Oakville companies fall under the life science umbrella, with an emphasis on pharmaceuticals and elder care.[76] There are also a number of retirement homes in the city.[76][77]

As Oakville is considered part of the Greater Toronto Area it is common for residents to commute to jobs in Toronto.[78]

Oakville Place

The Oakville Place Shopping Centre is an indoor shopping mall in Oakville that opened in 1981.[79][80][81] The mall is approximately 42,000 square metres (452,000 sq ft).[82][83]

Smart Centre Oakville

Smart Centre Oakville is a retail mall located in the northeast end of Oakville.

Sister cities

Oakville is twinned with the cities of Dorval,[84] in Quebec, and Neyagawa,[85] Japan. The Town of Oakville has named two major streets after these cities. In 2015, Huai'an, China became a sister city to Oakville.[86]


See also

References
  1. "Coat of Arms". Town of Oakville. Archived from the original on 2007-10-28. Retrieved 2007-12-30.
  2. "Census Profile, 2016 Census - Oakville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Canada [Country]". Canada 2016 Census. Statistics Canada. 8 February 2016. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  3. "History of Oakville". barclaysquare.ca. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
  4. "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Halton County (1877)". Waler & Miles. Archived from the original on December 6, 2003. Retrieved 2008-05-26.
  5. "Oakville Harbour Heritage". oakville.ca. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
  6. "Oakville CN History". cncphotoalbum.com. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
  7. Smith, Wm. H. (1846). Smith's Canadian Gazetteer. Toronto: H. & W. ROWSELL. p. 133.
  8. "Oakville Pioneers". oakville.ca. Archived from the original on August 14, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
  9. "Page 343". Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  10. "Oaxville Travel". lakewoodtravel.com. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
  11. "Oakville Boundaries Map Pre 1973" (PDF). oakville.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  12. "Town of Oakville Official Plan" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2006-09-30. p. 130. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 16, 2011. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  13. "Old Oakville Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  14. "Bronte Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  15. "Eastlake Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  16. "Clearview Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  17. "College Park Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  18. "Iroquois Ridge North Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  19. "Iroquois Ridge South Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  20. "Glen Abbey Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  21. "Palermo Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  22. "River Oaks Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  23. "Uptown Core Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  24. "West Oak Trails Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  25. "Community highlights for Oakville". 2006 Census Data. Statistics Canada. 2008-04-30. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  26. "NHS Profile, Oakville, Ontario, 2011". 2011 Census Data. Statistics Canada. 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2015-02-01.
  27. "Community Profiles from the 2016 Census, Statistics Canada - Census Subdivision". 2.statcan.gc.ca. December 6, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
  28. "Aboriginal Peoples - Data table". 2.statcan.ca. October 6, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
  29. Statistics Canada (24 October 2012). "Oakville, Ontario (Code 3524001) and Halton, Ontario (Code 3524) (table) Census Profile". 2011 Census. Ottawa: Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE. Archived from the original on 12 February 2015.
  30. "Median Household". halton.ca. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  31. "Average House Value". omdreb.on.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  32. "Oakville Top 100 employers" (PDF). oakville.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  33. "Oakville Climate Data". climate-data.org. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  34. "Oakville Southeast WCPC". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Retrieved 2013-10-12.
  35. "Oakville Soccer Club". insidehalton.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  36. "Oakville Pine Glen Soccer Facility". oakvillesoccer.ca. Archived from the original on March 11, 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  37. "Ontario Junior 'C' Lacrosse League". Ontario Lacrosse Association. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
  38. "Oakville Hockey". moha.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  39. "Oakville Figure Skating Season Underway". insidehalton.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  40. "Skate Oakville". Skate Oakville.ca. Skate Oakville. Retrieved 2015-11-03.
  41. "Oakville Basketball associations to Open". insidehalton.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  42. "Junior World Series 'everything, and more' for Oakville Whitecaps". insidehalton.com. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
  43. "Fight for Oakville's Glen Abbey Golf Course heading to Ontario Court of Appeal". Toronto Start. Metroland News. 8 November 2018. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
  44. "Burloak Canoe". burloakcanoe.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  45. "Visit Oakville". City Of Oakville. Retrieved Aug 11, 2015.
  46. "Plug pulled on Oakville Waterfront Festival". InsideHalton. 2009-12-03. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011.
  47. Lea, David. "Oakville's Waterfront Festival returning in August". insidehalton.com. Archived from the original on March 12, 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
  48. https://www.inhalton.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-kerrfest-in-oakville-this-weekend
  49. "In Ontario: Oakville Music And Art Shared Space". In Ontario. Archived from the original on September 13, 2013.
  50. "For Love Of The Arts Festival". Snapd Oakville. Retrieved Aug 11, 2015.
  51. "This year could be Glen Abbey's last as owners plan redevelopment for condos and offices". Toronto Start. Metroland News. 20 July 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  52. "Town of Oakville dealt another courtroom setback in fight to save Glen Abbey Golf Course". Inside Halton. Metroland News. 12 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018. Conservation plan and related bylaws struck down by Ontario Superior Court of Justice
  53. "Canadian Open returning to Hamilton in 2019, 2023". CBC Sports. 6 June 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018. Applebaum said Golf Canada has not ruled out returning to Glen Abbey in the future but is "speaking with a variety of people" about hosting 2020, 2021, and 2022.
  54. "Oakville School Communities". robkelley.ca. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  55. "Appleby Website". appleby.on.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  56. "Sheridan College Website". sheridancollege.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  57. "Members of Oakville Town Council". search.hipinfp.info. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  58. "Oakville Ward Review" (PDF). oakville.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  59. "Oakville Governing Council" (PDF). oakville.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  60. "Who are the Halton winners? All PC". InsideHalton.com. 2018-06-07. Retrieved 2018-07-14.
  61. https://www.insidehalton.com/news-story/9655754--collective-victory-liberal-anita-anand-is-the-oakville-riding-s-new-mp/
  62. Le, Julia (20 October 2015). "Liberal Pam Damoff takes new Oakville North—Burlington MP seat". Oakville Beaver. Archived from the original on 29 October 2015.
  63. "Oakville Children's Choir wins awards". insidehalton.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  64. "Gallery website".
  65. "Oakville GTA". oakville.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  66. "Oakville Beaver". search.hipinfo.info. Retrieved 2019-01-17.
  67. "Oakville Beaver". insidehalton.com. Archived from the original on June 9, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  68. https://oakvillenews.org
  69. "AM 1250 Radio Locator". radio-locator.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  70. "AM 1320 Radio Tune In". tunein.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  71. "Television Broadcasting from Oakville". yellowpages.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  72. "Oakville Transportation Info". viarail.ca. Archived from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  73. "Oakville". Halton Region Police Service. Regional Municipality of Halton Police Services Board. Archived from the original on 4 March 2012.
  74. "TOWARF". TOWARF – Town of Oakville Water Air Rescue Force. Retrieved 2011-02-26.
  75. "Tim Hortons to move its Canadian head office | The Star". thestar.com. Retrieved 2018-07-14.
  76. "Top Employers By Sector". oakville.ca. City Of Oakville. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  77. "Retirement Homes Oakville". Comfort Life. Our Kids Media. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  78. "Living In Toronto What's It Like". Living In Canada. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
  79. Kukolic, Kristina (2010-12-09). "Oakville Place Is The Place To Be". Eye on Sheridan. Archived from the original on October 22, 2014. Retrieved 2015-05-25.
  80. Lea, David (2013-07-25). "Ceiling collapses at The Bay in Oakville Place". Oakville Beaver. Retrieved 2015-05-25.
  81. Paisley, Dylan (2014-03-24). "Oakville Place is Just Dancing this March Break". The Sheridan Sun. Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved 2015-05-25.
  82. Maitland, Barry (1990). The new architecture of the retail mall. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 9781854548153. OCLC 23726658. Retrieved 2014-06-19.
  83. Maitland, Barry (1985). Shopping malls: planning and design. New York: Nichols. p. 173. ISBN 9780893972264. OCLC 11971331.
  84. MacKinnon, Bobbi-Jean (1992-05-28). "People-to-people appeal for Canada growing". Toronto Star. p. MA.6. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved 2009-08-28.
  85. "Oakville's Sister City – Neyagawa, Japan". Oakville.ca. Town of Oakville. Archived from the original on 2009-08-14. Retrieved 2009-08-28.
  86. "Town of Oakville forms sister city bond with Huai'an, China" (Press release). Town of Oakville. 24 Aug 2015. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.