Order of the Liberator General San Martín
The Order of the Liberator General San Martin (Spanish: Orden del Libertador General San Martín) is the highest decoration in Argentina. It is awarded to foreign politicians or military, deemed as worthy of the highest recognition from Argentina. It is granted by the sitting President of Argentina.[1]
Order of the Liberator General San Martin Orden del Libertador General San Martín | |
---|---|
Awarded by Argentina | |
Type | Order |
Established | August 17, 1943 |
Status | Currently awarded |
Grades | Collar Grand Cross Grand Officer Commander Officer Member |
Precedence | |
Next (lower) | Order of May |
History
It owes its name to General José de San Martín, called Father of the Nation and Liberator. The original design was made by the Argentine engineer and sculptor Ángel Eusebio Ibarra García. It was created by Decree No. 5,000 of August 17, 1943; amended by Law No. 13. 202 of May 21, 1948; which in turn was repealed by Decree Law No. 16.628 of December 17, 1957, which recreates the Order. The modifications introduced were only in the form. The regulations still in force were approved by Decree No. 16,643 of December 18, 1967.
Grades
The Grades are:
Gallery
- The order in the "extraordinary" grade delivered on a single occasion, to the first lady Eva Peron by his husband and then president Grl. Juan Domingo Perón. After Peron was ousted the award was retracted and the collar was meltdown.
- The Order in the Grade of Collar.
- The Order in the Grade of Grand Cross
Notable Recipients
Date | Recipient | Grade |
---|---|---|
8 June 1947 | Spain – Caudillo Francisco Franco (1936–1975)[2] | Collar |
16 August 1947 | Brazil – President Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946–1951)[3] | Collar |
20 December 1948 | Chile – Former president Arturo Alessandri (1920–1925; 1932-1938)[4] | Grand Cross |
1950 | Peru – President Manuel Arturo Odría (1948–1950; 1950-1956) | Collar |
12 May 1950 | United States – General Dwight Eisenhower (1953–1961) | Grand Cross |
4 April 1951 | Netherlands – Prince Bernhard (1948–1980)[5] | Grand Cross |
18 July 1952 | Argentina – First Lady Eva Duarte de Peron (1946–1952) | Extraordinary (retracted) |
19 February 1953 | Chile – President Carlos Ibanez del Campo (1927–1931; 1952–1958)[6] | Collar |
15 August 1954 | Paraguay – President Alfredo Stroessner (1954–1989)[7] | Collar |
2 February 1959 | Italy – Prime Minister Antonio Segni (1955–1957; 1959–1960)[8] | Grand Cross |
8 May 1960 | France – President Charles De Gaulle (1959–1969) | Collar |
June 1960 | Germany – Chancellor Konrad Adenauer (1949–1963)[9] | Grand Cross |
1 July 1960 | Netherlands – Queen Juliana (1948–1980)[10] | Collar |
4 July 1960 | United Kingdom – Queen Elizabeth II (1952–incumbent)[11] | Collar |
October 1960 | Taiwan – President Chiang Kai-shek (1950–1975) | Collar |
9 April 1961 | Italy – President Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962)[12] | Collar |
8 July 1961 | Bolivia – President Víctor Paz Estenssoro (1952–1956; 1960–1964; 1985–1989)[13] | Collar |
8 December 1961 | Thailand – King Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946–2016)[14] | Collar |
Thailand – Prime Minister Sarit Thanarat (1959–1963) | Grand Cross | |
22 March 1962 | United Kingdom – Prince Philip (1952–incumbent)[15] | Grand Cross |
10 May 1965 | Iran – Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979)[16] | Collar |
Iran – Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi (1961–1979)[17] | Grand Cross | |
15 September 1965 | Italy – President Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971)[18] | Collar |
29 October 1965 | Chile – President Eduardo Frei Montalva (1964–1970)[19] | Collar |
25 March 1966 | Denmark – Prince Margrethe (1940–1972)[20] | Grand Cross |
18 September 1967 | Norway – King Olav V (1957–1991) | Collar |
18 April 1971 | Costa Rica – President José Figueres Ferrer (1948–1949; 1953–1958; 1970–1974) | Collar |
13 October 1971 | Peru – President Juan Velasco Alvaro (1968–1975) | Collar |
16 June 1973 | Spain – President Luis Carrero Blanco (1973)[21] | Grand Cross |
5 March 1974 | Romania – President Nicolae Ceausescu (1967–1989)[22] | Collar |
Romania – First Lady Elena Ceausescu (1974–1989)[22] | Grand Cross | |
4 March 1978 | Peru – President Francisco Morales Bermúdez (1975–1980)[23] | Collar |
1 December 1978 | Spain – King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)[24] | Collar |
Spain – Queen Sofia (1975–2014)[25] | Grand Cross | |
8 October 1979 | Japan – Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)[26] | Collar |
7 June 1985 | Peru – President Fernando Belaúnde Terry (1963–1968; 1980–1985)[27] | Collar |
17 July 1986 | Philippines – President Corazon Aquino (1986–1992) | Collar |
19 July 1986 | Saudi Arabia – King Fahd (1982–2005)[28] | Collar |
28 July 1986 | Brazil – President José Sarney (1985–1990)[29] | Collar |
5 July 1990 | Brazil – President Fernando Collor de Mello (1990–1992)[30] | Collar |
27 August 1990 | Chile – President Patricio Aylwin (1990–1994)[31] | Collar |
11 May 1992 | Egypt – President Hosni Moubarak (1981–2011)[32] | Collar |
27 March 1994 | Spain – Infanta Elena (1963–1995)[33] | Grand Cross |
Spain – Infanta Cristina (1965–1997)[34] | Grand Cross | |
6 May 1994 | Belgium – Prince Philippe (1993–2013) | Grand Cross |
1 December 1994 | Croatia – President Franjo Tuđman (1990–1999) | Collar |
21 February 1995 | Poland – President Lech Wałęsa (1990–1995) | Collar |
24 February 1995 | South Africa – President Nelson Mandela (1994–1999)[35] | Collar |
14 March 1996 | Lithuania – President Algirdas Brazauskas (1992–1998) | Collar |
8 April 1996 | Brazil – President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002)[36] | Collar |
27 September 1996 | Czech Republic – President Vaclav Havel (1993–2003) | Collar |
12 November 1996 | Mexico – President Ernesto Zedillo (1994–2000)[37] | Collar |
3 March 1997 | Finland – President Martti Ahtisaari (1994–2000)[38] | Collar |
7 April 1997 | Hungary – President Árpád Göncz (1990–2000)[39] | Collar |
21 April 1997 | Spain – President José María Aznar (1996–2004) | Grand Cross |
28 April 1997 | Haiti – President René Préval (1996–2001; 2006-2011)[40] | Collar |
26 May 1998 | Sweden – King Carl XVI Gustav (1973–incumbent)[41] | Collar |
Sweden – Queen Silvia (1976–incumbent)[42] | Grand Cross | |
Sweden – Princess Lilian (1976–2013)[43] | Grand Cross | |
16 July 1998 | United Nations – Secretary-General Kofi Annan (1997–2006)[44] | Grand Cross |
10 August 1998 | Nicaragua – President Arnoldo Alemán (1997–2002)[45] | Collar |
29 September 1998 | Japan – Prince Akishino (1990–Incumbent)[46] | Grand Cross |
2 December 1998 | Japan – Emperor Akihito (1989–2019)[47] | Collar |
Japan – Empress Michiko (1989–2019)[48] | Grand Cross | |
20 September 1999 | Philippines – President Joseph Estrada (1998–2001)[49] | Collar |
15 May 2000 | Paraguay – President Luis González Macchi (1999–2003)[50] | Collar |
18 May 2000 | Chile – President Ricardo Lagos (2000–2006)[51] | Collar |
25 September 2000 | Saudi Arabia – Prince Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz al Saud (1982–2005) | Grand Cross |
12 October 2000 | Colombia – President Andrés Pastrana Arango (1998–2002)[52] | Collar |
14 March 2001 | Italy – President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1999–2006)[53] | Collar |
21 August 2001 | Dominican Republic – President Hipólito Mejía (2000–2004) | Collar |
15 November 2001 | Portugal – President Jorge Sampaio (1996–2006) | Collar |
7 April 2003 | Sovereign Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Andrew Bertie (1988–2008) | Grand Cross |
29 April 2003 | Uruguay – President Jorge Batlle (2000–2005) | Collar |
7 December 2004 | Morocco – King Mohammed VI (1999–incumbent) | Collar |
21 April 2008 | Ecuador – President Rafael Correa (2007–2017)[54] | Collar |
24 November 2008 | Mexico – President Felipe Calderón (2006–2012) | Collar |
9 February 2009 | Spain – Princess Letizia (2004–2014)[55] | Grand Cross |
16 January 2011 | Kuwait – Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–2020)[56] | Collar |
Kuwait – Prince Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–2020)[57] | Grand Cross | |
28 November 2012 | Peru – President Ollanta Humala (2011–2016)[58] | Collar |
8 May 2013 | Venezuela – President Nicolás Maduro (2013–Incumbent) / Revoked by President Mauricio Macri.[59][60] | Collar |
25 February 2016 | France – President François Hollande (2012–2017)[61] | Collar |
29 July 2016 | Mexico – President Enrique Peña Nieto (2012–2018)[62] | Collar |
8 August 2016 | United Nations – Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon (2007–2016)[63] | Grand Cross |
9 August 2016 | Australia – Governor-General Peter Cosgrove (2014–2019)[64] | Collar |
22 February 2017 | Spain – King Felipe VI (2014–Incumbent)[65] | Collar |
27 March 2017 | Netherlands – King Willem-Alexander (2013–incumbent)[66] | Collar |
13 November 2017 | United States – Former president Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)[67] | Grand Cross |
8 May 2017 | Italy – President Sergio Mattarella (2015–Incumbent)[68] | Collar |
6 March 2018 | Norway – King Harald V (1991–incumbent)[69] | Collar |
2 December 2018 | China – President Xi Jingping (2013–Incumbent)[70] | Collar |
25 January 2021 | Uruguay – Former president José Mujica (2010–2015)[71] | Collar |
References
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External links
- (in Spanish) History of San Martín
- (in Spanish) Articles on San Martin on newspaper Clarín
- (in Spanish) Sanmartinian National Institute
- (in Spanish) Foreign Relations Ministry of Argentina