Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy
The Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy is a 1960 OECD Convention on liability and compensation for damage caused by accidents occurring while producing nuclear energy.[6][7] The convention entered into force on 1 April 1968 and has been amended by protocols in 1964, 1982, and 2004. The convention, as amended by the 1964 and 1982 protocols have 16 parties. The 2004 protocol has not entered into force. Austria and Luxembourg signed the convention but have not ratified it. Switzerland deposited its instruments of ratification for the convention as amended by the 2004 protocol. The convention will enter into force for this country once the 2004 protocol enters into force.
Signed | 29 July 1960 28 January 1964 (addnl Protocol) 16 November 1982 (Protocol) 12 February 2004 (Prototocol)[1] |
---|---|
Location | Paris |
Effective | 1 April 1968 (incl addn Protocol) 7 October 1988 (1982 Protocol) Not in force (2004 Prototocol) |
Condition | 5 ratifications |
Signatories | 19[1] |
Parties | 16 (Convention incl 1960 and 1982 protocols)[1] 2 (Protocol) |
Depositary | Secretary-General of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation presently: Secretary-general of the OECD |
Languages | English, French, German, Spanish, Italian and Dutch[2][3][4][5] |
The convention:
- Limits liability to a certain amount and limit the period for making claims;
- Require insurance or other surety by operators;
- Channels liability exclusively to the operator of the nuclear installation;
- Impose strict liability on the nuclear operator, regardless of fault, but subject to exceptions.
- Grants exclusive jurisdiction to the courts of one country, normally the country in whose territory the incident occurs
Parties
A list of Parties to the convention (as amended by the 1964 and 1982 protocols), the 2004 protocol, as well as the Brussels protocol and the Joint protocol is shown below:
Country | Convention incl 1964 and 1982 Protocol | 2004 Protocol | Brussels Protocol | Brussels Protocol 2004 amendment | Joint Protocol | (Territorial) application |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belgium | 3 August 1966 | — | 20 August 1985 | — | — | |
Denmark | 4 September 1974 | — | 4 September 1974 | — | 26 May 1989 | incl. Greenland (excl 1982 Protocol) |
Finland | 16 June 1972 | — | 14 January 1977 | — | 3 October 1994 | |
France | 9 March 1966 | — | 30 March 1966 | — | — | incl 16 territories (excl Brussels Protocol) |
Germany | 16 June 1972 | — | 1 October 1975 | — | 13 June 2001 | |
Greece | 12 May 1970 | — | — | — | 16 May 2001 | |
Italy | 17 September 1975 | — | 3 February 1976 | — | 31 July 1991 | |
Netherlands | 28 December 1979 | — | 28 September 1979 | — | 1 August 1991 | European territory only |
Norway | 2 July 1973 | 26 November 2010 | 7 July 1973 | 24 November 2010 | 11 March 1991 | |
Portugal | 29 September 1977 | — | — | — | — | |
Slovenia | 16 October 2001 | — | 5 June 2003 | — | 27 January 1995 | |
Spain | 31 October 1961 | — | 27 July 1966 | 12 January 2006 | — | |
Sweden | 1 April 1968 | — | 3 April 1968 | — | 27 January 1992 | |
Switzerland | 9 March 2009 | 9 March 2009 | — | 11 March 2009 | — | Not applicable |
Turkey | 10 October 1961 | — | — | — | 26 March 2007 | |
United Kingdom | 23 February 1966 | Signed but not ratified | 24 March 1966 | Signed but not ratified | Signed but not ratified | incl. British Virgin Islands,[lower-alpha 1] Cayman Islands,[lower-alpha 1] Falkland Islands,[lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 1] Gibraltar,[lower-alpha 1] Guernsey,[lower-alpha 2] Hong Kong,[lower-alpha 3] Jersey,[lower-alpha 4] Isle of Man, Montserrat,[lower-alpha 1] Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha[lower-alpha 1] |
- Notes
- excluding the Brussels Protocol
- excluding the 1982 Protocol
- After the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong, the conventions remained in force
- excluding the Paris convention and protocols
References
- "Paris Convention on Nuclear Third Party Liability: Latest status of ratifications or accessions". OECD. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- "Convention on Third Party Liability in the field of Nuclear Energy". Traktatenblad van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (27). 1961. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- "Additional Protocol to the Convention on Third Party Liability in the field of Nuclear Energy". Traktatenblad van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (178). 1964. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- "Protocol to amend the Convention on third party liability in the field of nuclear energy of 29th July 1960, as amended by the Additional Protocol of 28th January 1964". Traktatenblad van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (80). 1983. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- "Protocol to amend the convention on third party liability in the field of Nuclear energy of 29 July 1960, as amended by the additional protocol of 28 January 1964 and by the protocol of 16 November 1982" (PDF). OECD. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- Publications: Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy. International Atomic Energy Agency.
- Convention on third party liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy. Nuclear Energy Agency of the OECD.