Pashta

Pashta (Hebrew: פַּשְׁטָא‎) is a common cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. It is part of the Katan group. Its mark symbol is identical to that of the Kadma.

Pashta
פַּשְׁטָא֙ ֙ אָדָם֙
cantillation
Sof passuk׃  paseq׀
etnachta֑  segol֒
shalshelet֓  zaqef qatan֔
zaqef gadol֕  tifcha֖
rivia֗  zarqa֘
pashta֙  yetiv֚
tevir֛  geresh֜
geresh muqdam֝  gershayim֞
qarney para֟  telisha gedola֠
pazer֡  atnah hafukh֢
munach֣  mahapakh֤
merkha֥  merkha kefula֦
darga֧  qadma֨
telisha qetana֩  yerah ben yomo֪
ole֫  illuy֬
dehi֭  zinor֮

While Kadma and Pashta use the same symbol, Pashta is distinct from Kadma in the placement of the symbol. Kadma is always placed on the accented syllable, while Pashta is placed on the last letter as well as on the accented syllable, if it's not the last.[1]

The Hebrew word פַּשְׁטָא֙‎ translates into English as stretching out.

Occurrences

In the Katan group, the Pashta can be found either following a Mahpach, or with the Mahpach absent. Following the Pashta will either be a Munach-Zakef katan or just a Zakef katan.

The Pashta can also occur before the Segol group.

Numbers of occurrences
Book Number of appearances
Torah 5429[2]
   Genesis 1428[2]
   Exodus 1134[2]
   Leviticus 777[2]
   Numbers 1055[2]
   Deuteronomy 1039[2]
Nevi'im 5935[3]
Ketuvim 3916[3]

Melody

References
  1. Joshua R. Jacobson, Chanting the Hebrew Bible, page 221
  2. James D. Price, Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1, page 6
  3. James D. Price, ;;Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1, page 5
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