Porsche Supercup

These are the racing flags that usually used in every Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup race weekends:

Flag	Names	Meaning
	SC Board (Safety Car)	Shown in conjunction with a yellow flag to indicate that the Safety Car is on track. Full course yellow flag applies. Drivers must hold position and slow down.
	VSC Board (Virtual Safety Car)	Shown in conjunction with a yellow flag to indicate that the virtual safety car is in use. During this time, the drivers are given maximum sector times that they must stay below. Full course double yellow flag applies.[2]
	Green	Normal racing conditions apply. This is usually shown following a yellow flag to indicate that the hazard has been passed. A green flag is shown at all stations for the lap following the end of a full-course yellow (or safety car). A green flag is also shown at the start of every race sessions (free practice, qualifying and race).
	Yellow	Indicates a hazard on or near the track (waved yellows indicate a hazard on the track, frozen yellows indicate a hazard near the track). Double waved yellows inform drivers that they must slow down as marshals are working on or near to the track and drivers should be prepared to stop.
	Yellow and red striped	Slippery track, due to oil, water or loose debris. Can be seen 'rocked' from side-to-side (not waved) to indicate a small animal on track.
	Blue	A blue flag indicates that the driver in front must let faster cars behind him pass because he is being lapped. If flag is missed 3 times the driver could be penalised.
	White	Indicates that there is a slow car ahead. Often waved at the end of the pit lane when a car is about to leave the pits.
	Black and orange circle	Car is damaged or has a mechanical problem, must return to the pit lane immediately. Will be accompanied by driver's number
	Half black half white	Warns a driver for poor sportsmanship or dangerous behaviour. Can be followed by a Black flag upon further infringement. Accompanied by the driver's number.
	Black	Driver is disqualified. Will be accompanied by the driver's number. This can be issued after a Half Black Half White flag.
	Red	A red flag immediately halts a race or session when conditions become too dangerous to continue.
	Chequered flag	End of the practice, qualifying or racing session.

Porsche Supercup cars adhere to a rear-engined rear-wheel-drive design. A roll cage serves as a carbon-fibre space frame chassis and is covered by a multiple-gauge sheet metal body. They have a closed cockpit, fenders, a rear wing, and an aerodynamic splitter. Each team may purchase cars and engines from other teams.

The front suspension is a McPherson suspension strut design, while the rear suspension is a multi-link live axle design utilizing trailing arms. Brake discs must be made of steel and may not exceed 380 mm (15 in) diameter. The only aerodynamic components on the vehicles are the front splitter, rear wing, solid polycarbonate glass window in the windows only, and side skirts. The use of rear diffusers, vortex generators, canards, wheel well vents, hood vents, and undertrays is strictly prohibited. While the cars may reach speeds of about 200 mph (320 km/h) on certain tracks.

Porsche Supercup cars are required to have at least 1 working windshield wiper installed on the car for all tracks as a part of the road racing rules package.

The cars are powered by gasoline direct-injected flat-six Porsche engines since 1993 with compacted graphite aluminium alloy blocks and DOHC valvetrains actuating four-valves per cylinder, and are limited to 3,996 cc (244 cu in) of displacement. However, modern technology has allowed power outputs near 485 hp (362 kW) in unrestricted form while retaining the conventional basic engine design. In fact, before Porsche instituted the gear rule, Porsche Supercup engines were capable of operating more than 8,000 rpm. The current Porsche MDG.G Supercup engines curb weight is roughly at over 410 lb (186 kg).

Porsche 911 Cup (964)

For the inaugural 1993 Porsche Supercup season the 964 Cup (used in Carrera Cup from 1992) based on the 964 Carrera RS (itself based on the earlier 1990 964 Carrera Cup) was the vehicle of choice. Compared to the road car the Cup race car features a similarly stripped-out interior and retains the catalytic converter, 18 inch magnesium wheels and ABS but was lowered by 20mm, featured a full roll cage and no passenger seat.

Porsche 911 Cup (993)

Based on the 993 Carrera 2 and used in the Porsche Supercup for seasons 1994–1997. Updated in 1995 with aero parts from the new Carrera RS, followed by a five-horsepower increase to 315 PS (232 kW; 311 hp) at 6,200 rpm in 1996. 216 units were produced in total.

Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (996) front (Pictured racing in Carrera Cup France)

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 1998–2001. Basis for the upcoming 996 GT3 road car, featuring a 3.6 litre boxer engine on basis of the GT1 block. For the 1999 season the engine output was increased to 272 kW (370 PS; 365 bhp) and 370 N⋅m (273 lbf⋅ft) at 6,250 rpm. The car managed the 0-100 km/h (62 mph) sprint in four seconds, with a top speed of 286 km/h (178 mph). For the 2001 season the GT3 Cup received modified aerodynamics including an enlarged rear wing and improved cooling.[3][4]

Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (996 II) front

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 2002–2004. For 2002 the GT3 Cup received several changes based on the 996.2 Carrera and Turbo models, including Turbo-style headlights. The new body significantly improves aerodynamics and cooling. Engine output is increased to 280 kW (381 PS; 375 bhp) and 380 N⋅m (280 lbf⋅ft), further changes include improved transmission cooling, a lightened exhaust system and other light-weighing measures across the car.[5] For the 2004 season the car received further upgrades. Engine output is once again increased slightly, to 287 kW (390 PS; 385 bhp) at 7,200 rpm and 390 N⋅m (288 lbf⋅ft) at 6,500 rpm. Gear ratios of fourth, fifth and sixth gears have been shortened. An 89-litre fuel tank improves endurance racing capabilities. In the interior changes are made to enable the use of the HANS device.[6]

Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (997) front

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 2005–2009. The 997-based Cup car features significantly improved aerodynamics and lightweight CFRP parts, including doors, rear body panels, engine deck lid and rear wing. Parts of the suspension are adopted from the GT3 RSR.[7]

Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (997 II) front

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 2010–2012. Based on 997.2 GT3 RS, the car features a new 3.8 litre engine, an enlarged rear wing adopted from 911 GT3 Cup S measuring 1.70 m (67 in), additional Unibal joints on the track control arms and front and rear sword-shaped anti-roll bars with seven position settings each and a steering wheel mounted Info Display with 6 switches. The vehicle was unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show and deliveries began in the same year. The base MSRP of the European model was €149,850 (before tax).[8][9]

2014 Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (991) front

Based on the Porsche 911 GT3 type 991, this 911 GT3 Cup was used in the Porsche Supercup for the seasons 2013–2016. The Porsche 911 GT3 Cup Type 991 features the new gearbox paddle-shifters for the first time.

The Austrian Thomas Preining in the Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (991 II) used since 2017

Raced in the Porsche Supercup since the 2017 season. Based on the latest 911 GT3 road car it features a larger 4.0-litre flat-six boxer engine, improved aerodynamics and an enlarged escape-hatch in the roof and is priced at €189,900 excluding taxes.[10]

The standard Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (Type 992) will scheduled to race in the Porsche Supercup from the 2021 season onwards.[11] Based on the latest 911 GT3 road car, the 911 GT3 Cup Type 992 engines will remain same as 911 GT3 Cup (Type 991 II) but the power output will increased slightly from 485 to 510 bhp (362 to 380 kW; 492 to 517 PS).[12]

For the transmission gearboxes, all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars currently utilize a semi-automatic transmission with a 6-speed gearbox operated by paddle shifters and supplied by in-house Porsche since the 2013 season (including reverse gear). From 1993 to 2012, all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars used sequential manual transmission with a 6-speed gearbox operated by a conventional sequential shifter. The clutch of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars is a sintered metal3-plate clutch operated by foot-pedal and provided by ZF Sachs. The mechanical limited-slip differential is also allowed and constant velocity joint tripod driveshafts are also used. All Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars drivetrain is currently rear-engine with rear-wheel-drive layout.

A typical of Porsche 911 GT3 Cup type 991 II cockpit.

For the safety equipment, all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars seating utilizes racing bucket driver's seat with 6-point seat belts. The steering wheel of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are made exclusively in-house by Porsche Motorsport GmbH. All Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are also equipped with Cosworth Omega Intelligent Colour Display units since 2013 until 2020 season until it was replaced by all-new larger in-house Porsche Motorsport display units from 2021 season onwards. The fire extinguisher of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are included in the bottom right-hand side underneath. The interior rear-view mirror is still currently used since 1993 until present.

The cockpit of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are fully protected by doors, windshields and roofs (shielded by polycarbonate glass for windscreen, side windows and rear windows including also windshield wipers for rain weather only in the windscreen) because of current coupé-type car.

ExxonMobil has been an official control fuel retailer and convenience store partner for all Porsche Supercup entrants since 1996 season under Mobil brand in 1996 until 2006 later ExxonMobil brand in 2007 until 2014 and later Esso brand since 2015 until present. The current fuel type of Porsche Supercup is Esso Synergy™ Racing Fuel 98 RON 100% unleaded racing gasoline without any other renewable fuel blends like Ethanol and Methanol (the same fuel as it used by Red Bull Racing Formula One team).

Previously Shell was the official fuel partner of Porsche Supercup since 1993 until 1995 season.

Mobil 1 also has been official motor oil partner of Porsche Supercup since 1996 season and utilizing Mobil 1 ESP X3 fully synthetic 0W-40 racing lubricant to improve fuel economy and extending engine life. Previously Shell was the official motor oil partner of Porsche Supercup from the 1993 season until the 1995 season.

Michelin has been the current tyre partner of Porsche Supercup since the 2002 season. Previously Pirelli supplied the tyres for all Porsche Supercup cars from the 1993 season until 2001. The tyre model of Michelin Porsche Supercup tyre utilizing Porsche Cup N2 sub-brand. The Michelin Porsche Supercup tyre compounds are dry slick and full-tread rain tyres.

The current tyre sizes of Porsche Supercup Michelin tyres are 27/65-R18 on the fronts and 31/71-R18 on the rears.

• Engine displacement: 3,600 cc (220 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six
• Power output: 275 PS (202 kW; 271 hp) @6,100 rpm, 314 N⋅m (232 lbf⋅ft) @4,800 rpm
• Gearbox: 5-speed manual transmission
• Weight: 1,120 kg (2,469 lb)
• Fuel: Shell unleaded

• Engine displacement: 3,746 cc (229 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six
• Power output: 310 PS (228 kW; 306 hp) at 6,100 rpm, 360 N⋅m (266 lbf⋅ft) at 5,500 rpm
• Gearbox: 6-speed manual transmission
• Weight: 1,100 kg (2,425 lb)
• Fuel: Shell (1994–1995) later Mobil (1996–1997) unleaded

• Engine displacement: 3,600 cc (220 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six
• Bore × stroke: 100 mm × 76.4 mm
• Power output: 265 kW (360 PS; 355 bhp) at 7,200 rpm, 360 N⋅m (266 lbf⋅ft) at 6,250 rpm
• Redline: 8,000 rpm
• Gearbox: 6-speed manual transmission
• Tyres: Pirelli slick; "245/645-18" front, "305/645-18" rear
• Brakes: 330 mm brake disks front/rear, ABS standard
• Fuel tank capacity: 64 L (14 imp gal; 17 US gal)
• Weight: 1,140 kg (2,513 lb)
• Fuel: Mobil unleaded

• Engine displacement: 3,600 cc (220 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six
• Bore × stroke: 100mm × 76.4mm
• Power output: 280 kW (381 PS; 375 bhp) at 7,200 rpm, 380 N⋅m (280 lbf⋅ft) at 6,250 rpm
• Gearbox: 6-speed manual transmission
• Tyres: Michelin slick; "24/64-18" front, "27/68-18" rear
• Brakes: 350 mm brake disks front/330 mm rear, ABS standard
• Fuel tank capacity: 64 L (14 imp gal; 17 US gal)
• Weight: 1,140 kg (2,513 lb)
• Fuel: Mobil unleaded

• Engine displacement: 3,598 cc (220 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six
• Power output: 294 kW (400 PS; 394 bhp) at 7,000 rpm, 400 N⋅m (295 lbf⋅ft) at 6,500 rpm
• Bore × stroke: 100 mm × 76.4 mm
• Redline: 8,200 rpm
• Gearbox: 6-speed sequential manual transmission
• Tyres: Michelin slick; "24/64-18" front, "27/68-18" rear
• Brakes: 380 mm front/350 mm rear brake disks
• Wheelbase: 2,355 mm (93 in)
• Track (front/rear): 1,515 mm (60 in)/1,780 mm (70 in)
• Weight: 1,120 kg (2,469 lb)
• Fuel: Mobil later ExxonMobil unleaded

• Engine displacement: 3,797 cc (232 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six
• Power output: 331 kW (450 PS; 444 bhp) at 7,500 rpm
• Redline: 8,500 rpm
• Gearbox: 6-speed sequential manual transmission
• Wheels & Tyres: Michelin slick; "24/64-18" on 9.5Jx18 front, "27/68-18" on 12Jx18 rear
• Brakes: 380 mm front/350 mm rear brake disks
• Weight: 1,160 kg (2,557 lb)
• Fuel: ExxonMobil High Performance unleaded

• Chassis: Carbon-fibre monocoque with safety roll cage
• Engine displacement: 3,800 cc (232 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six box
• Bore × stroke: 102.7 mm × 76.4 mm
• Power output: 338 kW (460 PS; 453 bhp) at 7,500 rpm
• Redline: 8,500 rpm
• Fuel: ExxonMobil High Performance (2013-2014) later Esso Synergy™ Racing Fuel (2015-2016) unleaded 98 or 103 RON (the same fuel used by McLaren Formula One team)
• Gearbox: 6-speed paddle-shift sequential semi-automatic transmission dog-type gearbox with reverse
• Wheels & Tyres: Michelin Porsche Cup N2 dry slick and treaded rain; "24/64-R18" on 9Jx18 ET28 front, "27/68-R18" on 11Jx18 ET53 rear
• Brakes: 380 mm front/rear brake disks, no ABS (can be retrofitted)
• Fuel tank capacity: 100 litres (22 imperial gallons; 26 US gallons) FIA FT3
• Length: 4,547 mm (179 in)
• Width: 1,851 mm (73 in)
• Height: 1,280 mm (50 in)
• Wheelbase: 2,458 mm (97 in)
• Weight: 1,200 kg (2,646 lb)
• Safety equipment: Schroth 6-point seat-belt + HANS device + racing bucket seat with fore/aft adjustment + windshield wipers

• Chassis: Carbon-fibre monocoque with safety roll cage
• Engine: Porsche Motorsport MA1.76 (2017) later MDG.G (2018–present)
• Displacement: 3,996 cc (244 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six boxer
• Bore × stroke: 102 mm × 81.5 mm (4.02 in × 3.21 in)
• Power output: 357 kW (485 PS; 479 bhp) @ 7,500 rpm
• Torque: 480 N⋅m (354 lbf⋅ft) @ 6,250 rpm
• Redline: 9,000 rpm
• Fuel: Esso Synergy™ Racing Fuel 98 RON super unleaded (the same fuel used by Red Bull Racing Formula One team)
• Lubricants: Mobil 1 ESP X3 0W-40 fully-synthetic motor oil
• Fuel delivery: Gasoline direct injection
• Gearbox: In-house Porsche G91/70 6-speed paddle-shift sequential semi-automatic transmission dog-type gearbox with reverse
• Wheels & Tyres: Michelin Porsche Cup N2 dry slick and treaded rain; "27/65-R18" on 10.5Jx18 App-Tech ET28 front, "31/71-R18" on 12Jx18 App-Tech ET53 rear
• Brakes: 380 mm front/rear brake disks, no ABS (can be retrofitted)
• Fuel tank capacity: 100 litres (22 imperial gallons; 26 US gallons) FIA FT3
• Length: 4,564 mm (180 in)
• Width: 1,980 mm (78 in) incl. mirrors
• Height: 1,246 mm (49 in)
• Wheelbase: 2,456 mm (97 in)
• Weight: 1,200 kg (2,646 lb)
• Safety equipment: Schroth 6-point seat-belt + HANS device + racing bucket seat with fore/aft adjustment + windshield wipers

• Chassis: Carbon-fibre monocoque with safety roll cage
• Engine: Porsche Motorsport MDG.G
• Displacement: 3,996 cc (244 cu in) naturally-aspirated flat-six boxer
• Bore × stroke: 102 mm × 81.5 mm (4.02 in × 3.21 in)
• Power output: 375 kW (510 PS; 503 bhp) @ 8,400 rpm
• Torque: 470 N⋅m (347 lbf⋅ft) @ 6,150 rpm
• Redline: 9,000 rpm
• Fuel: Esso Synergy™ Racing Fuel 98 RON super unleaded (the same fuel used by Red Bull Racing Formula One team)
• Lubricants: Mobil 1 ESP X3 0W-40 fully-synthetic motor oil
• Fuel delivery: Gasoline direct injection
• Gearbox: In-house Porsche 6-speed paddle-shift sequential semi-automatic transmission dog-type gearbox with reverse
• Wheels & Tyres: Michelin Porsche Cup N2 dry slick and treaded rain; "30/65-R18" on 12Jx18 App-Tech ET28 front, "31/71-R18" on 13Jx18 App-Tech ET53 rear
• Brakes: 380 mm front/rear brake disks, no ABS (can be retrofitted)
• Fuel tank capacity: 110 litres (24 imperial gallons; 29 US gallons) FIA FT3
• Length: 4,585 mm (181 in)
• Width: 1,920 mm (76 in) on front axle; 1,902 mm (75 in) on rear axle
• Height: 1,246 mm (49 in)
• Wheelbase: 2,459 mm (97 in)
• Weight: 1,260 kg (2,778 lb) including driver and fuel
• Safety equipment: Schroth 6-point seat-belt + HANS device + racing bucket seat with fore/aft adjustment + windshield wipers

A Porsche Supercup car is a single-seat production stock car racing car.

Over the years both Porsche Supercup and Formula One race schedules are traditionally held in permanent racing courses and also Formula One support races. The increased stress and speed of these tracks mean that the cars tended to be heavier, wider and have shorter wheelbases than F1 cars (increasing stability but decreasing agility).

When the weight of the driver is factored in, a Porsche Supercup car weighed over 60% more than a Formula One Car. The minimum weight for a Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters car currently mandatory from 1,200 kg (2,646 lb) based on the weight of the driver compared to the field average; with the driver included, all cars had a minimum weight of 1,260 kg (2,778 lb) including driver and fuel. A Porsche Supercup car piloted by 80 kg Marius Nakken (the heaviest driver in the series and 10 kg heavier than the field average) had to have weighed at least 1,200 kg when empty. The minimum weight of a Formula One car, including the driver, currently 746 kg (1,645 lb). This difference of 454 kg (1,001 lb) is just over 60% of the 2020 F1 car's weight.

Beginning in the inaugural season of the Porsche Supercup that Porsche Supercup cars used the 3.6 L (220 cu in) naturally aspirated 180-degree flat-six engines but that time in 1993 Formula One were used the 3.5 L (214 cu in) naturally aspirated various bank angle and various cylinders until end of 1994. Porsche Supercup cars had up to 400 hp (298 kW) more compared to their Formula One counterparts, as early as in the 70s the cars had in excess of 1,000 hp. Porsche Supercup cars having 400 hp (298 kW) on demand and F1 cars having around 700 hp to 840 hp in 3.5L NA (1989–94) era, around 700 hp to 1000 hp for final specs in 3.0L NA V10 (1995–2005) era and around 770 hp to 840 hp in 2.4L NA V8 (2006–2013) era and currently over 800 hp (2017 spec combustion engine alone) with an additional 160 hp from the electric motors from their 1.6L V6 turbo-hybrid-electro power unit. The turbo used mainly to improve the spectacle rather than lap-times with the so-called 'power-to-pass' or 'push-to-pass' system giving drivers an increased amount of power for a limited duration during the race. Another reason for retaining the turbocharger especially in Formula-1 is the muffling effect it has on the exhaust note, which helps keep the cars inside noise-limits, to meet FIA regulations and rules at the many city street races in European cities on the racing season schedule.

Porsche Supercup cars used unleaded gasoline for fuel rather than leaded gasoline, and refuelling had always been banned during the race since 1993 season due to shorter race distance.

Porsche Supercup cars has ground-effect undersides to improve stability and aerodynamic advantage. F1 banned sculpted undersides in a bid to lower cornering speeds for 1983. In an effort to create better passing opportunities, the new spec Porsche Supercup cars being introduced in 1998 will generate nearly 50% of the total downforce of the car with flat underside tunnels versus the front splitter and rear wing. This will reduce turbulent air behind the cars, enabling easier overtaking.

Unlike in F1, Porsche Supercup teams were obliged to buy the Porsche 911 GT3 Cup machines for all teams.

The Formula One car is a more expensive and technology-centric platform than a Porsche Supercup car. This was even the case during the new era since 1998 season.

For top speeds, Porsche Supercup cars are technically slower than Formula One car in fact (Porsche Supercup cars have 175 mph (282 km/h) in a normal tracks meanwhile Formula One cars have 225 mph (362 km/h) in a high-speed tracks such as Monza).

Points are assigned to the first 15 finishers of each race and all races count towards the championship. To receive points, a driver must compete in multiple races per season. Since 2008, there have been two bonus points awarded for the driver who secures pole position in qualifying.

IF in the case of a tie, Porsche Supercup will determine the champion based on the most first-place finishes. If there is still a tie, Porsche Supercup will determine the champion by the most second-place finishes, then the most third-place finishes, etc., until a champion is determined. Porsche Supercup will apply the same system to other ties in the rankings at the close of the season and at any other time during the season.

The points of the two best drivers of each team are added up. At the end of the season Porsche rewards the three best placed teams with prize money.

In 2006 and 2007, Porsche AG pays around 820,000 euros to drivers and teams. Per race the winner receives 9,000 euros, the runner-up 7,500 euros and the third placed driver 6,500 euros. For a 15th place 1,400 euros are paid. Additionally, the 2006 or 2007 champion receives a Porsche road car. The driver with the fastest laps will be given a premium watch from Porsche Design.

In 2015, Porsche says it pays "more than 730,000 Euros in prize money to drivers and teams. In addition, the overall winner receives a special prize. The winner of the rookie classification receives an additional prize of 30,000 Euros providing he/she reregisters for the following year’s Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup."[13]